python中的文件读写操作

python中如何对文件进行读写操作？针对这个问题，今天小编总结这篇有关文件读写的文章，希望能帮助更多想解决这个问题的朋友找到更加简单易行的办法。

open(file, mode='r', buffering=-1, encoding=None, errors=None, newline=None, closefd=True, opener=None)

Character	Meaning
`'r'`	open for reading (default)
`'w'`	open for writing, truncating the file first
`'x'`	open for exclusive creation, failing if the file already exists
`'a'`	open for writing, appending to the end of the file if it exists
`'b'`	binary mode
`'t'`	text mode (default)
`'+'`	open a disk file for updating (reading and writing)
`'U'`	universal newlines mode (deprecated)

The default mode is 'r' (open for reading text, synonym of 'rt'). For binary read-write access, the mode 'w+b' opens and truncates the file to 0 bytes. 'r+b' opens the file without truncation.

文本读写操作：open(), close(), read(), readlines(),

一、普通操作，open(),read(),close()

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding=utf-8

import logging

try:
	f = open('/home/seeing-zynq/Documents/Temp/Test/mydict.py', 'r')
	print f.read();
	print 'read'
except Exception as e:
	logging.exception(e)
	print 'error'
	raise 
finally:
	if f:
		f.close()
		print 'OK'

运行结果：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

class Dict(dict):

    def __init__(self, **kw):
        super().__init__(**kw)

    def __getattr__(self, key):
        try:
            return self[key]
        except KeyError:
            raise AttributeError(r"'Dict' object has no attribute '%s'" % key)

    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
        self[key] = value





read
OK

二、read()完后自动close()

with open('/home/seeing-zynq/Documents/Temp/Test/mydict.py', 'r') as f:    
	print (f.read())

运行结果：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

class Dict(dict):

    def __init__(self, **kw):
        super().__init__(**kw)

    def __getattr__(self, key):
        try:
            return self[key]
        except KeyError:
            raise AttributeError(r"'Dict' object has no attribute '%s'" % key)

    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
        self[key] = value

三、为避免read()未知容量的大文件，保险起见用readlines().

print '------------------------------------'
print '-----------------------------------'
f = open('/home/seeing-zynq/Documents/Temp/Test/mydict.py', 'r')
for line in f.readlines():
    print(line.strip())  ##strip会将前面首字符前的空格去掉，造成行句没有缩进
f.close()
print 'over'

运行结果：

------------------------------------
-----------------------------------
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

class Dict(dict):

def __init__(self, **kw):
super().__init__(**kw)

def __getattr__(self, key):
try:
return self[key]
except KeyError:
raise AttributeError(r"'Dict' object has no attribute '%s'" % key)

def __setattr__(self, key, value):
self[key] = value




over

四、读二进制文件，如图片，视频等

>>> f = open('/Users/michael/test.jpg', 'rb')
>>> f.read()
b'\xff\xd8\xff\xe1\x00\x18Exif\x00\x00...' # 十六进制表示的字节

五、write()

with open('/home/seeing-zynq/Documents/Temp/IO/a.txt', 'w') as f:   
    f.write('haha')

with open('/home/seeing-zynq/Documents/Temp/IO/a.txt', 'r') as f:  
    print (f.read())
"file.py" 37L, 758C wri

运行结果：

haha

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python中的文件读写操作

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