如何删除C++中的文件夹?
如何使用C++删除文件夹?如果不存在跨平台的方式,那么如何为最流行的操作系统 - Windows,Linux,Mac,iOS,Android?做到这一点。 POSIX解决方案是否适用于所有这些解决方案?如何删除C++中的文件夹?
C++标准定义了remove()函数,它可能会或可能不会删除文件夹,具体取决于实现。如果不是,则需要使用特定于实现的功能,例如rmdir()。
的目录必须是空的,你的程序必须有权限删除它
但函数调用命令rmdir会做
rmdir("C:/Documents and Settings/user/Desktop/itsme")
我强烈建议使用Boost.FileSystem。
http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_38_0/libs/filesystem/doc/index.htm
在你的情况,这将是
删除文件夹在Windows(VISUALC++)不使用壳牌的API(sub_folders和文件),这是最好的工作样本:
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <conio.h>
int DeleteDirectory(const std::string &refcstrRootDirectory,
bool bDeleteSubdirectories = true)
{
bool bSubdirectory = false; // Flag, indicating whether
// subdirectories have been found
HANDLE hFile; // Handle to directory
std::string strFilePath; // Filepath
std::string strPattern; // Pattern
WIN32_FIND_DATA FileInformation; // File information
strPattern = refcstrRootDirectory + "\\*.*";
hFile = ::FindFirstFile(strPattern.c_str(), &FileInformation);
if(hFile != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
do
{
if(FileInformation.cFileName[0] != '.')
{
strFilePath.erase();
strFilePath = refcstrRootDirectory + "\\" + FileInformation.cFileName;
if(FileInformation.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
{
if(bDeleteSubdirectories)
{
// Delete subdirectory
int iRC = DeleteDirectory(strFilePath, bDeleteSubdirectories);
if(iRC)
return iRC;
}
else
bSubdirectory = true;
}
else
{
// Set file attributes
if(::SetFileAttributes(strFilePath.c_str(),
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL) == FALSE)
return ::GetLastError();
// Delete file
if(::DeleteFile(strFilePath.c_str()) == FALSE)
return ::GetLastError();
}
}
} while(::FindNextFile(hFile, &FileInformation) == TRUE);
// Close handle
::FindClose(hFile);
DWORD dwError = ::GetLastError();
if(dwError != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES)
return dwError;
else
{
if(!bSubdirectory)
{
// Set directory attributes
if(::SetFileAttributes(refcstrRootDirectory.c_str(),
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL) == FALSE)
return ::GetLastError();
// Delete directory
if(::RemoveDirectory(refcstrRootDirectory.c_str()) == FALSE)
return ::GetLastError();
}
}
}
return 0;
}
int main()
{
int iRC = 0;
std::string strDirectoryToDelete = "c:\\mydir";
// Delete 'c:\mydir' without deleting the subdirectories
iRC = DeleteDirectory(strDirectoryToDelete, false);
if(iRC)
{
std::cout << "Error " << iRC << std::endl;
return -1;
}
// Delete 'c:\mydir' and its subdirectories
iRC = DeleteDirectory(strDirectoryToDelete);
if(iRC)
{
std::cout << "Error " << iRC << std::endl;
return -1;
}
// Wait for keystroke
_getch();
return 0;
}
感谢您发布不是Boost或调用system()的东西。 – 2013-02-07 20:48:18
但有一天,链接将会死亡。你打算在答案中包含相关的代码吗? – jogojapan 2013-02-26 08:56:41
看起来像这个解决方案可能由于文件系统竞争而失败:DeleteFile不是原子的,这意味着删除包含它的目录可能会失败,因为该目录尚未(尚未)为空。本讲座详细解释了此问题,并提供了一种更安全的方法来删除Windows上的目录/树:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhRWMGBjlO8 – 2018-03-02 19:28:55
//对于Windows:
#include <direct.h>
if(_rmdir("FILEPATHHERE") != -1)
{
//success
} else {
//failure
}
使用SHFileOperation删除的文件夹recursivelly
你也可以试试这个,如果你是在Linux上:
system("rm -r path");
尝试利用系统 “rmdir -s -q file_to_delte
” 。
这将删除文件夹及其中的所有文件。
void remove_dir(char *path)
{
struct dirent *entry = NULL;
DIR *dir = NULL;
dir = opendir(path);
while(entry = readdir(dir))
{
DIR *sub_dir = NULL;
FILE *file = NULL;
char abs_path[100] = {0};
if(*(entry->d_name) != '.')
{
sprintf(abs_path, "%s/%s", path, entry->d_name);
if(sub_dir = opendir(abs_path))
{
closedir(sub_dir);
remove_dir(abs_path);
}
else
{
if(file = fopen(abs_path, "r"))
{
fclose(file);
remove(abs_path);
}
}
}
}
remove(path);
}
我自己的基于hB0的实现,它还允许您查看每个文件夹中的文件数量,并且性能略有提升。
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdio>
#include <windows.h>
#include <conio.h>
union seperated {
struct {
unsigned int low;
unsigned int high;
} uint;
unsigned long long ull;
};
unsigned long long num_dirs = 1;
unsigned long long num_files = 0;
seperated size_files;
int DeleteDirectory(char* refRootDirectory); //predeclare it
int DeleteDirectory(char* refRootDirectory) {
HANDLE hFile; // Handle to directory
std::string strFilePath; // Filepath
WIN32_FIND_DATA FileInformation; // File information
int dwError; // Folder deleting error
std::string strPattern; // Pattern
strPattern = (std::string)(refRootDirectory) + "\\*.*";
hFile = ::FindFirstFile(strPattern.c_str(), &FileInformation);
if(hFile != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
do {
if(FileInformation.cFileName[0] != '.') {
strFilePath.erase();
strFilePath = std::string(refRootDirectory) + "\\" + FileInformation.cFileName;
if(FileInformation.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
DeleteDirectory((char*)strFilePath.c_str());
dwError = ::GetLastError();
if(dwError != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES) {
std::cout << "!ERROR!: [[" << strFilePath.c_str() << "]]\n";
return dwError;
} else {
// Set directory attributes
if(! ::SetFileAttributes(refRootDirectory,FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL)) {
std::cout << "!ERROR!: [[" << strFilePath.c_str() << "]]\n";
return ::GetLastError();
}
// Delete directory
if(! ::RemoveDirectory(refRootDirectory)) {
std::cout << "!ERROR!: [[" << strFilePath.c_str() << "]]\n";
return ::GetLastError();
}
}
++num_dirs;
} else {
// Set file attributes
if(! ::SetFileAttributes(strFilePath.c_str(),FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL)) {
std::cout << "!ERROR!: [[" << strFilePath.c_str() << "]]\n";
return ::GetLastError();
}
// Delete file
if (! ::DeleteFile(strFilePath.c_str())) {
std::cout << "!ERROR!: [[" << strFilePath.c_str() << "]]\n";
return ::GetLastError();
}
size_files.ull += FileInformation.nFileSizeLow;
size_files.uint.high += FileInformation.nFileSizeHigh;
++num_files;
}
}
} while(::FindNextFile(hFile,&FileInformation));
// Close handle
::FindClose(hFile );
}
return 0;
}
unsigned long long num_files_total=0;
unsigned long long num_dirs_total=0;
unsigned long long total_size_files=0;
void my_del_directory(char* dir_name) {
int iRC = DeleteDirectory(dir_name);
//int iRC=0;
std::cout << "\"" << dir_name << "\""
"\n Folders: " << num_dirs
<< "\n Files: " << num_files
<< "\n Size: " << size_files.ull << " Bytes";
if(iRC)
{
std::cout << "\n!ERROR!: " << iRC;
}
std::cout << "\n\n";
num_dirs_total += num_dirs;
num_files_total += num_files;
total_size_files += size_files.ull;
num_dirs = 1;
num_files = 0;
size_files.ull = 0ULL;
return;
}
int main(void)
{
size_files.ull = 0ULL;
my_del_directory((char*)"C:\Windows\temp" );
// This will clear out the System temporary directory on windows systems
std::cout << "\n\nResults" << "\nTotal Folders: " << num_dirs_total
<< "\nTotal Files: " << num_files_total
<< "\nTotal Size: " << total_size_files << " Bytes\n";
return 0;
}
用C++ 17可以使用std::filesystem
,在C++ 14 std::experimental::filesystem
已经可用。两者都允许使用filesystem::remove()
。
C++ 17:
#include <filesystem>
std::filesystem::path::remove("myEmptyDirectoryOrFile"); // Deletes empty directories or single files.
std::filesystem::path::remove_all("myDirectory"); // Deletes one or more files recursively.
C++ 14:
#include <experimental/filesystem>
std::experimental::filesystem::path::remove("myDirectory");
注1: 这些功能在错误的情况下抛出filesystem_error。如果要避免捕捉异常,请使用std::error_code
的重载变量作为第二个参数。例如。
std::error_code errorCode;
if (!std::filesystem::path::remove("myEmptyDirectoryOrFile", errorCode)) {
std::cout << errorCode.message() << std::endl;
}
注2: 转换到std::filesystem::path
发生从不同的编码隐式的,所以你可以通过字符串filesystem::remove()
。
你在Windows中使用什么头文件? – 2011-09-26 22:23:17
使用_rmdir for windows,并且标题为 `#include`我相信,与_mkdir相同 –
Mich
2018-01-17 01:49:43