解析包含Python中的XML条目的文本/ csv文件
问题描述：
我有一个包含XML条目的csv文件。想象一下，每个XML条目以<entry>开头并以</entry>结尾。在我的文件中有成千上万的条目。每个XML条目由嵌套的XML元素组成。解析包含Python中的XML条目的文本/ csv文件
我需要提取每个条目的一些元素，并通过Python将它们保存到另一个文件中。这是一个XML条目的示例。想象一下，我想提取每个条目的元素。你能告诉我如何在Python中做到这一点吗？我是Python编程的初学者。
"<entry xmlns=""http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"" xmlns:gnip=""http://www.gnip.com/schemas/2010"">
<id>tag:search.twitter.com,2005:157796632933576704</id>
<published>2012-01-13T12:10:23+00:00</published>
<updated>2012-01-13T12:10:23+00:00</updated>
<summary type=""html"">RT @sprice54: If you rearrange the words ""Debit card"" you can spell ""Bad Credit""</summary>
<link rel=""alternate"" type=""text/html"" href=""http://twitter.com/GCordivari/statuses/157796632933576704""/>
<source>
<link rel=""self"" type=""application/json"" href=""https://stream.twitter.com/1/statuses/filter.json""/>
<title>Twitter - Stream - Track</title>
<updated>2012-01-13T12:10:25Z</updated>
</source>
<service:provider xmlns:service=""http://activitystrea.ms/service-provider"">
<name>Twitter</name>
<uri>http://www.twitter.com/</uri>
<icon/>
</service:provider>
<contributor>
<name>Steve Price</name>
<uri>http://www.twitter.com/sprice54</uri>
</contributor>
<link rel=""via"" type=""text/html"" href=""http://twitter.com/sprice54/statuses/12736""/>
<title>George Cordivari shared: Steve Price posted a note on Twitter</title>
<category term=""StatusShared"" label=""Status Shared""/>
<category term=""NoteShared"" label=""Note Shared""/>
<activity:verb xmlns:activity=""http://activitystrea.ms/spec/1.0/"">http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/share</activity:verb>
<activity:object xmlns:activity=""http://activitystrea.ms/spec/1.0/"">
<activity:object-type>http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/note</activity:object-type>
<id>object:search.twitter.com,2005:157796632933576704</id>
<content type=""html"">RT @sprice54: If you rearrange the words ""Debit card"" you can spell ""Bad Credit""</content>
<link rel=""alternate"" type=""text/html"" href=""http://twitter.com/GCordivari/statuses/157796632933576704""/>
</activity:object>
<author>
<name>George Cordivari</name>
<uri>http://www.twitter.com/GCordivari</uri>
</author>
<activity:author xmlns:activity=""http://activitystrea.ms/spec/1.0/"">
<activity:object-type>http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/person</activity:object-type>
<gnip:friends xmlns:gnip=""http://www.gnip.com/schemas/2010"" followersCount=""37"" followingCount=""61""/>
<link rel=""alternate"" type=""text/html"" length=""0"" href=""http://www.twitter.com/GCordivari""/>
<link rel=""avatar"" href=""http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1670548060/274805_1268643462_1179159089_n_normal.jpg""/>
<id>http://www.twitter.com/GCordivari</id>
</activity:author>
<activity:actor xmlns:activity=""http://activitystrea.ms/spec/1.0/"">
<activity:object-type>http://activitystrea.ms/schema/1.0/person</activity:object-type>
<gnip:friends xmlns:gnip=""http://www.gnip.com/schemas/2010"" followersCount=""37"" followingCount=""61""/>
<gnip:stats xmlns:gnip=""http://www.gnip.com/schemas/2010"" activityCount=""370"" upstreamId=""id:twitter.com:427031045""/>
<link rel=""alternate"" type=""text/html"" length=""0"" href=""http://www.twitter.com/GCordivari""/>
<link rel=""avatar"" href=""http://a0.twimg.com/profile_images/1670548060/274805_1268643462_1179159089_n_normal.jpg""/>
<id>http://www.twitter.com/GCordivari</id>
<os:location xmlns:os=""http://ns.opensocial.org/2008/opensocial"">Drexel Hell</os:location>
<os:aboutMe xmlns:os=""http://ns.opensocial.org/2008/opensocial"">This is the way I live. #*cInMyCupIDGAF #CloudNine #FollowMeLikeTheLeader </os:aboutMe>
</activity:actor>
<gnip:twitter_entities xmlns:gnip=""http://www.gnip.com/schemas/2010"">
<user_mentions>
<user_mention start=""3"" end=""12"">
<id>255347428</id>
<name>Steve Price</name>
<screen_name>sprice54</screen_name>
</user_mention>
</user_mentions>
</gnip:twitter_entities>
<gnip:matching_rules>
<gnip:matching_rule rel=""inferred"">""debit card""</gnip:matching_rule>
</gnip:matching_rules>
</entry>"
答
继中的示例之后，您将了解如何提取所有已命名的元素，例如贡献者并将它们导出到新的XML文档中。
import xml.dom.minidom as minidom
#open the input csv/xml file
inputPath = '/path/to/xml.csv'
xml_csv = open(inputPath)
#open a output file in write mode
outputPath = '/path/to/contributors.xml'
outxml = open(outputPath,'w')
#create a new xml document and top level element
impl = minidom.getDOMImplementation()
newxml = impl.createDocument(None,'contributors',None)
top = newxml.documentElement
#loop through each line in the file splitting on commas
for line in xml_csv:
xmlFields = line.split(',')
for fldxml in xmlFields:
#double double quotes caused the parser to choke, I'm replacing them here
fldxml = fldxml.replace('""','"')
#parse the xml data from each field and
#find all contributor elements under the top level
dom = minidom.parseString(xmlfld)
contributors = entry.getElementByTagName('contributor')
#add each contributor to the new xml document
for contributor in contributors:
top.appendChild(contributor)
#write out the new xml contributors document in pretty XML
outxml.write(newxml.toprettyxml())
outxml.close()
答
Python有很多非常棒的xml解析工具。 BeautifulSoup非常受欢迎，因为它具有简单的API。 http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/doc/
lmxml是非常快的XML解析一个伟大的图书馆，但需要的libxml
有很多在线教程，它通过一步一步讲解与Python解析XML的基本知识。 http://www.learningpython.com/2008/05/07/elegant-xml-parsing-using-the-elementtree-module/
谢谢，Tharen。我在运行代码时遇到以下错误：“/ Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/xml/dom/minidom.py”，1924行，parseString return expatbuilder.parseString（字符串） 文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/xml/dom/expatbuilder.py”，行940，在parseString 返回builder.parseString（字符串） 文件“/ Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/xml/dom/expatbuilder.py“，第223行，在parseString中 parser.Parse（string，True） xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError：语法错误 – saghar 2012-02-10 21:15:08
这是说解析器无法解析它提供的字符串。我怀疑这个XML格式不正确，或者内置解析器无法理解。其他解析器可能会更好。如果你无法控制XML，我会建议尝试别的。 – tharen 2012-02-10 23:08:36
您将数据描述为“包含XML条目的csv文件”，我认为它的含义是'[xmldata]，[xmldata]，...'。其中xmldata包括 ... 。如果这是不正确的，你将需要提供更多的上下文。 –
tharen
2012-02-10 23:36:37