如何在Ubuntu的Pypy virtualenv上安装iPython 17.04

Question

我试图在virtualenv中安装IPython。我将Virtualenv设置为使用Pypy 2.7而不是CPython 3.

当我使用由apt-get安装的IPython时，它最终使用CPython 3代替Pypy。

当我尝试pip install ipython时，出现编译错误，因为它找不到Python.h头文件。这个错误在这里详述：https://askubuntu.com/questions/922302/install-ipython-with-pip-on-ubuntu-16-04。建议的修复导致错误：

Can not perform a '--user' install. User site-packages are not visible in this virtualenv.

[编辑]

完整的错误：

Collecting ipython 
    Using cached ipython-5.4.1-py2-none-any.whl 
Requirement already satisfied: decorator in ./site-packages (from ipython) 
Collecting pickleshare (from ipython) 
    Using cached pickleshare-0.7.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl 
Collecting prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4 (from ipython) 
    Using cached prompt_toolkit-1.0.15-py2-none-any.whl 
Collecting pygments (from ipython) 
    Using cached Pygments-2.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl 
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=18.5 in ./site-packages (from ipython) 
Collecting simplegeneric>0.8 (from ipython) 
Collecting traitlets>=4.2 (from ipython) 
    Using cached traitlets-4.3.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl 
Collecting backports.shutil-get-terminal-size; python_version == "2.7" (from ipython) 
    Using cached backports.shutil_get_terminal_size-1.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl 
Collecting pathlib2; python_version == "2.7" or python_version == "3.3" (from ipython) 
    Using cached pathlib2-2.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl 
Collecting pexpect; sys_platform != "win32" (from ipython) 
    Using cached pexpect-4.2.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl 
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.9.0 in ./site-packages (from prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4->ipython) 
Collecting wcwidth (from prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.4->ipython) 
    Using cached wcwidth-0.1.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl 
Collecting ipython-genutils (from traitlets>=4.2->ipython) 
    Using cached ipython_genutils-0.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl 
Requirement already satisfied: enum34; python_version == "2.7" in ./site-packages (from traitlets>=4.2->ipython) 
Collecting scandir; python_version < "3.5" (from pathlib2; python_version == "2.7" or python_version == "3.3"->ipython) 
    Using cached scandir-1.5.tar.gz 
Collecting ptyprocess>=0.5 (from pexpect; sys_platform != "win32"->ipython) 
    Using cached ptyprocess-0.5.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl 
Building wheels for collected packages: scandir 
    Running setup.py bdist_wheel for scandir ... error 
    Complete output from command /home/me/Documents/pypy-ipython-venv/bin/pypy -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-FmKqsi/scandir/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/tmpseW7pdpip-wheel- --python-tag pp256: 
    running bdist_wheel 
    running build 
    running build_py 
    creating build 
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7 
    copying scandir.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7 
    running build_ext 
    building '_scandir' extension 
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7 
    cc -O2 -fPIC -Wimplicit -I/home/me/Documents/pypy-ipython-venv/include -c _scandir.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_scandir.o 
    _scandir.c:14:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 
    #include <Python.h> 
        ^
    compilation terminated. 
    error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1 

    ---------------------------------------- 
    Failed building wheel for scandir 
    Running setup.py clean for scandir 
Failed to build scandir 
Installing collected packages: scandir, pathlib2, pickleshare, wcwidth, prompt-toolkit, pygments, simplegeneric, ipython-genutils, traitlets, backports.shutil-get-terminal-size, ptyprocess, pexpect, ipython 
    Running setup.py install for scandir ... error 
    Complete output from command /home/me/Documents/pypy-ipython-venv/bin/pypy -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-FmKqsi/scandir/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-RqBbsa-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/me/Documents/pypy-ipython-venv/include/site/python2.7/scandir: 
    running install 
    running build 
    running build_py 
    creating build 
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7 
    copying scandir.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7 
    running build_ext 
    building '_scandir' extension 
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7 
    cc -O2 -fPIC -Wimplicit -I/home/me/Documents/pypy-ipython-venv/include -c _scandir.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_scandir.o 
    _scandir.c:14:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory 
    #include <Python.h> 
         ^
    compilation terminated. 
    error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1 

    ---------------------------------------- 
Command "/home/me/Documents/pypy-ipython-venv/bin/pypy -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-FmKqsi/scandir/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-RqBbsa-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/me/Documents/pypy-ipython-venv/include/site/python2.7/scandir" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-FmKqsi/scandir/ 

Answer 1

你需要安装pypy-dev的之前创建的virtualenv。你可以看到gcc命令正在寻找包含在/ home/me/Documents/pypy-ipython-venv/include中的文件，如果在创建虚拟环境时存在头文件，我担心目录只能被正确填充。你可以通过查看该目录的内容来证明这一点，它应该有一个Python.h文件。

请注意，您只需要安装pypy-DEV一次，之后你要善于去尽可能多的virtualenvs为您选择创建