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解析用java（DOM解析器）多级XML文件

分类: 技术问答 • 2022-03-20 15:46:03
问题描述：

这里是我的示例XML文件：解析用java（DOM解析器）多级XML文件

?xml version="1.0"?> 
    <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="xslt/options.xsl"?> 
    <options> 
     <version>0001</version> 
     <title>ConfigData</title> 
     <category> 
     <name>GConfigData</name> 
     <option> 
      <name>String_name</name> 
      <value>350.16.01a</value> 
      <control> 
      <type>TextBox2</type> 
      <caption> String Name</caption> 
      <left>0</left> 
      <top>0</top> 
      <width>2600</width> 
      <height>900</height> 
      <font>Courier</font> 
      <scroll_bar>0</scroll_bar> 
      </control> 
     </option> 
     <option> 
      <name>FileID</name> 
      <value>1601</value> 
      <control> 
      <type>TextBox2</type> 
      <caption>file version</caption> 
      <left>0</left> 
      <top>900</top> 
      <width>2600</width> 
      <height>900</height> 
      <font>Courier</font> 
      <scroll_bar>0</scroll_bar> 
      </control> 
     </option> 
     <option> 
      <name>systemID</name> 
      <value>0</value> 
      <control> 
      <type>TextBox2</type> 
      <caption>System ID</caption> 
      <left>0</left> 
      <top>1800</top> 
      <width>2400</width> 
      <height>900</height> 
      <font>Courier</font> 
      <scroll_bar>0</scroll_bar> 
      </control> 
     </option> 
     <option> 
      <name>SyncTime</name> 
      <value>2</value> 
      <control> 
      <type>TextBox2</type> 
      <caption>Sync Time</caption> 
      <left>0</left> 
      <top>2700</top> 
      <width>2400</width> 
      <height>900</height> 
      <font>Courier</font> 
      <scroll_bar>0</scroll_bar> 
      </control> 
     </option> 
     <option> 
      <name>UseServer</name> 
      <value>0</value> 
      <control> 
      <type>TextBox2</type> 
      <caption>Use Server</caption> 
      <left>0</left> 
      <top>3600</top> 
      <width>2400</width> 
      <height>900</height> 
      <font>Courier</font> 
      <scroll_bar>0</scroll_bar> 
      </control> 
     </option> 
     <option> 
      <name>CommType</name> 
      <value>0</value> 
      <control> 
      <type>FixedList</type> 
      <caption>Comm Type</caption> 
      <left>0</left> 
      <top>4500</top> 
      <width>2400</width> 
      <height>900</height> 
      <list>            
       <item> 
       <text>Parellel</text> 
       <value>0</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>Simple Serial</text> 
       <value>1</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>Complex Serial</text> 
       <value>2</value> 
       </item> 
      </list> 
      </control> 
     </option> 
     <option> 
      <name>YYBasis</name> 
      <value>70</value> 
      <control> 
      <type>TextBox2</type> 
      <caption>Set YY Basis</caption> 
      <left>0</left> 
      <top>5400</top> 
      <width>2400</width> 
      <height>900</height> 
      <font>Courier</font> 
      <scroll_bar>0</scroll_bar> 
      </control> 
     </option> 
     <option> 
      <name>Separator</name> 
      <value>46</value> 
      <control> 
      <type>TextBox2</type> 
      <caption>Separator</caption> 
      <left>0</left> 
      <top>6300</top> 
      <width>2400</width> 
      <height>900</height> 
      <font>Courier</font> 
      <scroll_bar>0</scroll_bar> 
      </control> 
     </option> 
     <option> 
      <name>WholeSeparator</name> 
      <value>44</value> 
      <control> 
      <type>TextBox2</type> 
      <caption>Whole Separator</caption> 
      <left>0</left> 
      <top>7200</top> 
      <width>2400</width> 
      <height>900</height> 
      <font>Courier</font> 
      <scroll_bar>0</scroll_bar> 
      </control> 
     </option> 
     <option> 
      <name>DateFormat</name> 
      <value>0</value> 
      <control> 
      <type>FixedList</type> 
      <caption>Date Format</caption> 
      <left>2600</left> 
      <top>0</top> 
      <width>2400</width> 
      <height>900</height> 
      <list> 
       <item> 
       <text>MM/DD/YY</text> 
       <value>0</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>MM/DD/YYYY</text> 
       <value>1</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>DD/MM/YY</text> 
       <value>2</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>DD/MM/YYYY</text> 
       <value>3</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>YY/MM/DD</text> 
       <value>4</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>MM.DD.YY</text> 
       <value>6</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>MM.DD.YYYY</text> 
       <value>7</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>DD.MM.YY</text> 
       <value>8</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>DD.MM.YYYY</text> 
       <value>9</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>YY.MM.DD</text> 
       <value>10</value> 
       </item> 
       <item> 
       <text>YYYY.MM.DD</text> 
       <value>11</value> 
       </item> 
      </list> 
      </control> 
     </option> 
     </category> 
    </options>

我写Java代码来分析每个选项的名称，标题和价值。这里是代码：

public class XMLParsingSingleFileFinal { 



    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException 
     { 
      //Get Document Builder 
      DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); 
      DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); 

      //Build Document 
      Document document = builder.parse(new File("options.xml")); 

      //Normalize the XML Structure; It's just too important !! 
      document.getDocumentElement().normalize(); 
      XPath xPath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath(); 

      //Here comes the root node 
      Element root = document.getDocumentElement(); 
      System.out.println(root.getNodeName()); 

      //Get all options 
      NodeList nList = document.getElementsByTagName("options"); 
      System.out.println("Total Options = " + nList.getLength()); 
      System.out.println("TITLE = " + document.getElementsByTagName("title").item(0).getTextContent()); 
      System.out.println("VERSION = " + document.getElementsByTagName("version").item(0).getTextContent()); 

      System.out.println("==================================="); 

      //Get all category 
      NodeList nList1 = document.getElementsByTagName("category"); 
      System.out.println("Total Category inside options = " + nList1.getLength()); 
      //int count1 = nList1.getLength(); 


      for (int temp = 0; temp < nList1.getLength(); temp++) 
      { 
      Node node = nList1.item(temp); 
      if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) 
      { 
       Element mElement = (Element) node; 
       System.out.println("\nCategory Name = " + mElement.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getTextContent()); 
       NodeList nList2 = mElement.getElementsByTagName("option"); 
       System.out.println("option inside category = " + nList2.getLength()); 
       System.out.println("\n\t"); 
       // int count = nList2.getLength(); 


       for (int temp1 = 0; temp1 < nList2.getLength()/2; temp1++) 
       { 

        Node nNode = nList2.item(temp1); 
        if (nNode.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) 
        { 

        Element nElement = (Element) nNode; 

       System.out.println("\tOption Name = " + mElement.getElementsByTagName("name").item(temp1+1).getTextContent()); 
       System.out.println("\t\tCaption Name = " + mElement.getElementsByTagName("caption").item(temp1).getTextContent()); 

       System.out.println("\t\tValue = " + mElement.getElementsByTagName("value").item(temp1).getTextContent()); 



       System.out.println("\n\t"); 

      } 

       } 
       System.out.println("\n\t"); 
      } 
      } 
     } 
}

我的主要目的是解析节点“选项”的“价值”。

正如你可以看到在“option” - commtype中，有属性“item”，它也有childnode“value”。

因此，在解析时，直到选项名称“commtype”它正在产生正确的数据。继续阅读下一个选项，从上一个选项中获取子节点“项目”的“值”。

Example:(Parse Result) 

options 
Total Options = 1 
TITLE = ConfigData 
VERSION = 0001 
=================================== 
Total Category inside options = 23 

Category Name = GConfigData 
option inside category = 38 


    Option Name = String_name 
     Caption Name = String Name 
     Value = 350.16.01a 


    Option Name = FileID 
     Caption Name = file version 
     Value = 1601 


    Option Name = SystemID 
     Caption Name = System ID 
     Value = 0 


    Option Name = SyncTime 
     Caption Name = Sync Time 
     Value = 2 


    Option Name = UseServer 
     Caption Name = Use Server 
     Value = 0 


    Option Name = CommType 
     Caption Name = Comm Type 
     Value = 0 


    Option Name = YYBasis 
     Caption Name = Set YY Basis 
     Value = 0  /*(Here the value should be 70 as in XML file , But its taking the value of option(Name:CommType)/control/list/item(text:parellel)/value)*/ 


    Option Name = Separator 
     Caption Name = Separator 
     Value = 1  /*(Here the value should be 46 as in XML file , But its taking the value of option(Name:CommType)/control/list/item(text:simple serial)/value)*/ 


    Option Name =WholeSeparator 
     Caption Name = Whole Separator 
     Value = 2  /*(Here the value should be 44 as in XML file , But its taking the value of option(Name:CommType)/control/list/item(text:complex serial)/value)*/ 


    Option Name = DateFormat 
     Caption Name = Date Format 
     Value = 70 //(Value should be 0)

选项名称：CommType后，每个选项的值被错误地解析。

什么可以解决这个问题？我是java新手，也是XML。

PS：这是我在论坛上的第一个问题。我对任何拼写错误以及询问方式是否错误表示歉意。请尝试以可能的方式帮助我。

答

不要使用索引节点（硬编码反模式）\偏移，它使你的代码不利索

SAXReader reader = new SAXReader(); 
Document document = reader.read(file); 
List<Node> nodes = document.selectNodes("/options/category/option"); 

for (Node node : nodes) { 
    System.out.println("caption: " + node.selectSingleNode("control/caption").getText()); 
    System.out.println("value : " + node.selectSingleNode("value").getText()); 
}

例如输出（板缺）：需要

caption: String Name 
value : 350.16.01a 
caption: file version 
value : 1601 
caption: System ID 
value : 0

依赖关系：

<dependency> 
    <groupId>jaxen</groupId> 
    <artifactId>jaxen</artifactId> 
    <version>1.1.6</version> 
</dependency> 

<dependency> 
    <groupId>dom4j</groupId> 
    <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId> 
    <version>1.6.1</version> 
</dependency>

答

方法node.getElementsByTagName() sear所有发生在node之内。由于您始终将Category节点用作搜索库而不是选项或项目节点，因此您将得到意外的结果。

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