从URLSession完成处理函数返回字符串Swift 3

问题描述:

我需要这个函数(它从数据库获取一些数据)返回一个字符串,但我很难弄清楚如何。我已经发现了一些类似的问题/解决方案,但我仍然在努力实现一个妥善的解决办法(我很新与SWIFT)从URLSession完成处理函数返回字符串Swift 3

class Helper{ 
static func pReq(jsonURL : String, col : String) -> String { 
    let config = URLSessionConfiguration.default 
    let session = URLSession(configuration: config) 
    let url = URL(string: jsonURL)! 
    let request = URLRequest(url: url) 
    var string = "" 

    let downloadTask = session.dataTask(with: request, completionHandler: {(data, response, error) in 
     if(error == nil){ 
      print("data = \(String(describing: data))") 
      do{ 
       print(jsonURL) 
       let dataDownloadedAsJson = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data!, options: .allowFragments) as! [String:AnyObject] 
       print("dataDownloadedAsJson = \(dataDownloadedAsJson)") 
       do{ 

        if(dataDownloadedAsJson[col] as? String != nil){ 
         string = (dataDownloadedAsJson[col] as? String)! 

        } 
       } 
      } 
      catch{ 
      } 
     } 
     else{ 
      print("Error downloading data. Error = \(String(describing: error))") 
     } 
    }) 
    downloadTask.resume() 
    return string 
} 
} 

谢谢!

+0

相当接近[此相关的问题的一种重复数据删除(HTTPS:/ /*.com/questions/24647406/how-to-use-completionhandler-closure-with-return-in-swift)。 –

您的session.dataTask(with:方法是异步的。这意味着它将在“后台”中执行,并通知您何时完成调用的响应。它会在“{}”内的session.dataTask(with:部分下方的块内通知您。就好像出现了,您正在使用您接收的JSON进行一些处理,并将其格式化为您希望从此函数返回的字符串。 但是在呼叫完成之前,您的呼叫被称为return string,因此您将返回""。你真正需要做的是不是从你的函数返回任何东西,而是使用一个完成块:

1)声明此之上你的文件:

typealias StringCompletion  = (_ success: Bool, _ string: String) -> Void 

2)修改函数取您完成

// This 
static func pReq(jsonURL : String, col : String) -> String 

// Becomes This 
static func pReq(jsonURL : String, col : String, completion: @escaping StringCompletion) 

3)内,您的函数中的参数调用您的完成和回传一Bool,以指示它是一个成功的呼叫,并通过回string以及

class Helper{ 
static func pReq(jsonURL : String, col : String, completion: @escaping StringCompletion) { 
    let config = URLSessionConfiguration.default 
    let session = URLSession(configuration: config) 
    let url = URL(string: jsonURL)! 
    let request = URLRequest(url: url) 
    var string = "" 

    let downloadTask = session.dataTask(with: request, completionHandler: {(data, response, error) in 
     if(error == nil){ 
      print("data = \(String(describing: data))") 
      do{ 
       print(jsonURL) 
       let dataDownloadedAsJson = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data!, options: .allowFragments) as! [String:AnyObject] 
       print("dataDownloadedAsJson = \(dataDownloadedAsJson)") 
       do{ 

        if(dataDownloadedAsJson[col] as? String != nil){ 
         string = (dataDownloadedAsJson[col] as? String)! 
         completion(true, string) 
        } 
       } 
       catch { completion(false, string) } 
      } 
      catch{ 
       completion(false, string) 
      } 
     } 
     else{ 
      print("Error downloading data. Error = \(String(describing: error))")  
      completion(false, string) 
     } 
    }) 
    downloadTask.resume() 
} 
} 

4)用途:

Helper().pReq(jsonURL: jsonURL, col: col) { (success, string) in 
    if success { 
     print("Success: \(string)") 
    } 
    else { 
     print("Failure: Unable To Get String") 
    } 
}