django - int参数必须是一个字符串或数字，而不是'Tuple'

Question

我一直在寻找这个几个小时，我似乎无法得到为什么我得到这个消息的句柄.. 。

int() argument must be a string or a number, not 'tuple' 

在这条线从我views.py

（注：实际上异常occurrs更深一层里面Django的核心，但这个我的代码，最终触发线除外）...

service_interest = ServiceInterest.objects.get_or_create(service = service, client = client) 

为什么我得到这个错误？为了您的好处，请参阅models.py，forms.py和views.py中的代码片段。

models.py：

class Client(models.Model): 
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100) 
    email = models.EmailField() 
    site = models.URLField() 
    contact_date = models.DateField(default = datetime.date.today()) 

class Service(models.Model): 
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200) 

class ServiceInterest(models.Model): 
    service = models.ForeignKey('Service') 
    client = models.ForeignKey('Client') 

    class Meta: 
    unique_together = ("service", "client") 

forms.py ......从views.py

class ContactForm(forms.Form): 


SERVICE_CHOICES = (
    ('first_choice', 'Description of first choice'), 
    ('second_choice', 'Description of second choice'), 
    ('third_choice', 'Description of third choice'), 
    ('other', 'Other') 
) 

    SERVICE_CHOICES_DICT = dict(SERVICE_CHOICES) 

    name = forms.CharField(label='What would you like us to call you?', max_length=200, required=False) 
    email = forms.EmailField(label='What is your email address?', help_text='Ex: [email protected]') 
    url = forms.URLField(label='If you have a website, please provide a link', required=False, help_text="Ex: www.yoursite.com") 
    service_interest = forms.MultipleChoiceField(label="Please check all of the services you're interested in:", widget=forms.widgets.CheckboxSelectMultiple, choices=SERVICE_CHOICES, required=True) 
    other = forms.CharField(label='If you selected \"Other\", please specify:', max_length=200, required=False) 
    message = forms.CharField(max_length=10000, required=False, label='Any other information you think we should know?', widget=forms.widgets.Textarea) 

    def clean_other(self): 
    cleaned_data = super(ContactForm, self).clean() 
    if 'service_interest' in cleaned_data.keys(): 
     options = cleaned_data['service_interest'] 
     if 'other' in options: 
     other_input = cleaned_data['other'] 
     if other_input == None or len(other_input) == 0: 
      raise forms.ValidationError('Required when \"Other\" is checked') 

    return cleaned_data 

培训相关代码：

name = form.cleaned_data['name'] 
    email = form.cleaned_data['email'] 
    url = form.cleaned_data['url'] 
    interests = form.cleaned_data['service_interest'] 
    other = form.cleaned_data['other'] 
    message = form.cleaned_data['message'] 

    client = Client.objects.get_or_create(name = name, email = email, site = url) 
    for interest in interests: 
    service = None 
    if(interest != 'other'): 
     service = Service.objects.get_or_create(name = ContactForm.SERVICE_CHOICES_DICT[interest]) 
    else: 
     service = Service.objects.get_or_create(name = other) 

    # Appears to be responsible for the stack trace, even though exception 
    # is one level deeper in... 
    # /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py in get_response 
    service_interest = ServiceInterest.objects.get_or_create(service = service, client = client) 

Answer 1

get_or_create返回一个元组，形式(instance, created)。第二个参数告诉你它是否必须创建它，显然是足够的。做下面的代替：

client, created = Client.objects.get_or_create(name = name, email = email, site = url)