用Bouncycastle存储PKCS#12容器(pfx)
我正在用Xamarin和BouncyCastle创建一个pfx文件。 我具有以下设置/说明书用Bouncycastle存储PKCS#12容器(pfx)
- .NET:PCL .Net框架4.5.1
- Xamarin:4.5.0.476
- BouncyCastle的:BouncyCastle的签名1.7.0.1(NuGet Package)
我想为我的移动客户端生成自签名证书,以对我的服务器进行身份验证。使用BouncyCastle的创作效果非常好。我的问题是,当我想将证书的私钥作为PKCS#12(pfx)容器存储并从该容器中恢复以发送我的Web请求时,会抛出一个异常,告诉我Input data cannot be coded as a valide certificate
。
以下是我如何创建我的证书,密钥和存储pfx容器的步骤。
创建密钥对
private AsymmetricCipherKeyPair GenerateKeyPair()
{
var random = new SecureRandom();
var keyGenerationParameter = new KeyGenerationParameters(random, 4096);
var keyPairGenerator = new RsaKeyPairGenerator();
keyPairGenerator.Init(keyGenerationParameter);
var keyPair = keyPairGenerator.GenerateKeyPair();
return keyPair;
}
创建证书,这将调用创建密钥和创建容器:
public void CreateCertificate()
{
var random = new SecureRandom();
var keyPair = this.GenerateKeyPair();
// generate certificate generator and set public key.
var generator = new X509V3CertificateGenerator();
generator.SetPublicKey(keyPair.Public);
// generate and set serial number
BigInteger serialNumber = BigIntegers.CreateRandomInRange(BigInteger.One, BigInteger.ValueOf(long.MaxValue), random);
generator.SetSerialNumber(serialNumber);
// set signing algorithm.
generator.SetSignatureAlgorithm(Core.Constants.SignatureAlgorithmName);
// set name
string fullQualifiedName = $"CN=dummy,O=DummyOrg,OU=Dummy";
var name = new X509Name(fullQualifiedName);
generator.SetSubjectDN(name);
generator.SetIssuerDN(name);
// set valide time
generator.SetNotBefore(DateTime.UtcNow.AddHours(-1));
generator.SetNotAfter(DateTime.UtcNow.AddYears(10));
// add extensions.
var authorityKeyIdentifier = new AuthorityKeyIdentifier(
SubjectPublicKeyInfoFactory.CreateSubjectPublicKeyInfo(keyPair.Public).GetEncoded(),
new GeneralNames(new GeneralName(name)),
serialNumber);
var subjectKeyIdentifier = new SubjectKeyIdentifier(
SubjectPublicKeyInfoFactory.CreateSubjectPublicKeyInfo(keyPair.Public).GetEncoded());
generator.AddExtension(X509Extensions.AuthorityKeyIdentifier, false, authorityKeyIdentifier);
generator.AddExtension(X509Extensions.SubjectKeyIdentifier, false, subjectKeyIdentifier);
generator.AddExtension(X509Extensions.BasicConstraints.Id, true, new BasicConstraints(0));
// generate and validate certificate.
var cert = generator.Generate(keyPair.Private, random);
cert.CheckValidity(DateTime.UtcNow);
cert.Verify(keyPair.Public);
// generate pem string
using (var stringWriter = new StringWriter())
{
var writer = new PemWriter(stringWriter);
var pog = new PemObject("CERTIFICATE", cert.GetEncoded());
writer.WriteObject(pog);
// pem value
var value = stringWriter.ToString();
this.StoreCertificate(value);
}
// store the private key
using (var stringWriter = new StringWriter())
{
var writer = new PemWriter(stringWriter);
PrivateKeyInfo info = PrivateKeyInfoFactory.CreatePrivateKeyInfo(keyPair.Private);
var pog = new PemObject("RSA PRIVATE KEY", info.ToAsn1Object().GetEncoded());
writer.WriteObject(pog);
// pem value
var value = stringWriter.ToString();
this.StorePrivateKey(value);
}
try
{
this.CreatePfxFile();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw;
}
}
创建PFX容器:
public void CreatePfxFile()
{
var certificate = this.GetCertificate();
var certEntry = new X509CertificateEntry(certificate);
string friendlyName = certificate.SubjectDN.ToString();
var privateKey = this.ReadPrivateKey();
PrivateKeyInfo info = PrivateKeyInfoFactory.CreatePrivateKeyInfo(privateKey);
byte[] keyBytes = info.ToAsn1Object().GetEncoded();
var store = new Pkcs12StoreBuilder().Build();
var keyEntry = new AsymmetricKeyEntry(privateKey,);
////store.SetCertificateEntry(Core.Constants.CertificateAlias, certEntry);
store.SetKeyEntry(Core.Constants.PrivateKeyAlias, new AsymmetricKeyEntry(privateKey), new X509CertificateEntry[] { certEntry });
MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
store.Save(stream, Core.Constants.Password.ToCharArray(), new SecureRandom());
var pfxBytes = stream.ToArray();
var base64 = Convert.ToBase64String(pfxBytes);
this.StorePfxContainer(base64);
}
方法GetCertificate()
和ReadPrivateKey()
将返回X509Certificate
和AsymmetricKeyParameter
。 方法StorePfxContainer
只会将base64字符串存储到设置变量中。
注意:我删除了行store.SetCertificateEntry(Core.Constants.CertificateAlias, certEntry);
,因为它导致pfx容器包含两次证书。
请不要,因为现在我们只是使用BouncyCastle的东西。
要签署我的请求我使用下面的代码。将通过从设置中检索base64字符串并使用Convert.FromBase64String(settingsValue)
获取字节来创建参数cert
。
private void SetCertificate(HttpWebRequest request, byte[] cert)
{
try
{
System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2 certificate =
new System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2(cert, Core.Constants.Password); // <-- throws the exception
request.ClientCertificates.Add(certificate);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
string message = ex.Message;
}
}
现在我们正在使用从.net(System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2)证书。这是在x509Certifcate2
的构造函数时,我想加载证书引发的异常是 Input data cannot be coded as a valide certificate
通过Mono.Security
我测试证书和密钥使用OpenSSL抛出,还我试图生成我的PEM一个PFX容器证书和Pem私钥也工作正常。只有当我在代码中加载证书时,它才会起作用。所以我认为容器的创建有一个我现在还没有弄清楚的错误。
感谢您的帮助。
经过一些更多的试验和错误,我想出了我的实现错误是什么。
首先,我认为我所经历的行为是PCL和Mono的Bouncy Castle的组合。
我生成pfx容器的新方法如下所示。
private void CreatePfxFile(X509Certificate certificate, AsymmetricKeyParameter privateKey)
{
// create certificate entry
var certEntry = new X509CertificateEntry(certificate);
string friendlyName = certificate.SubjectDN.ToString();
// get bytes of private key.
PrivateKeyInfo keyInfo = PrivateKeyInfoFactory.CreatePrivateKeyInfo(privateKey);
byte[] keyBytes = keyInfo.ToAsn1Object().GetEncoded();
var builder = new Pkcs12StoreBuilder();
builder.SetUseDerEncoding(true);
var store = builder.Build();
// create store entry
store.SetKeyEntry(Core.Constants.PrivateKeyAlias, new AsymmetricKeyEntry(privateKey), new X509CertificateEntry[] { certEntry });
byte[] pfxBytes = null;
var password = Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N");
using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())
{
store.Save(stream, password.ToCharArray(), new SecureRandom());
pfxBytes = stream.ToArray();
}
var result = Pkcs12Utilities.ConvertToDefiniteLength(pfxBytes);
this.StoreCertificate(Convert.ToBase64String(result));
}
第一个变化是到MemoryStream
包装成一个using
。我不太确定这会改变,但它摆脱了内在的例外。
第二个变化是使用Pkcs12StoreBuilder
并设置SetUseDerEcnoding(true)
并从中建立商店。
第三个变化是使用Pkcs12Urilities.ConvertToDefiniteLength()
方法来为数据设置一个确定的长度。
这些更改后,我的证书可以存储和恢复没有任何问题。
注意: 另外请确保您没有使用string.Empty
作为密码来保存容器。我经常看到这是容器问题的答案。