IDEA中使用Spring的入门操作(Maven创建Web项目)
本次小案例在IDEA下,使用maven管理jar包方式实现spring的简单使用
- 创建maven项目:
- 点击fileànewàproject
-
- 选择Mavenàmaven-archetype-webapp,下一步
-
- 输入自己的定义的信息
-
- 选择maven版本信息,本地jar包仓库,继续下一步
-
- 设置项目名称以及项目存储路径
-
- 创建完成后目录结构如下:
- 将项目的基本目录结构添加完善:
- 选择FileàProject Structure
-
- 选择Modules,选择我们创建的项目,依次设置
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- 在src目录下创建test目录,添加Tests标识;在src的main目录下添加java和sources目录,添加标识
-
- 点击完成即可
- 添加完后的项目结构如下:
- 导入spring需要的jar包:在pom.xml文件中添加maven库文件
内容如下:在<dependencies> </dependencies>标签内添加
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
<version>2.5.6</version>
</dependency>
- 在resources目录下创建spring的配置文件:beans-config.xml:
- 在resources目录下鼠标右键点击,选择NewàXML Configuration FileàSpring Config:
-
- 输入文件名beans-config.xml即可:
- 在java目录下创建项目需要的jar包(采用MVC模式层次)
- 在pojo中创建student对象类
类的内容如下:
package com.sw.pojo;
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
private String sex;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
- 在dao目录中创建StudenTest测试类,类中定义一个add方法,用于测试
package com.sw.dao;
public class StudentTest {
public void add(){
System.out.println("用于测试student方法!");
}
}
- 在service目录中创建StudenTestService服务测试类,类中实现了StudenTest类中的add方法:(一定要写dao实现类的set方法,用于在beans-config.xml文件中注册)
package com.sw.service;
import com.sw.dao.StudentTest;
public class StudentTestService {
private StudentTest stuDao;
public void setStuDao(StudentTest stuDao) {
this.stuDao = stuDao;
}
public void add(){
stuDao.add();
}
}
- 在servlet目录中创建StudentTestServlet类,类中实现了StudenTestService类中的add方法:
package com.sw.servlet;
import com.sw.service.StudentTestService;
public class StudentTestServlet {
private StudentTestService studentTestService;
public void setStudentTestService(StudentTestService studentTestService) {
this.studentTestService = studentTestService;
}
public void add(){
studentTestService.add();
}
}
- 在beans-config.xml文件中配置类的信息:
(从dao层一直配置到service,一直到servlet层)
<bean id="student" class="com.sw.pojo.Student">
<property name="id" value="1"></property>
<property name="name" value="张三"></property>
<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
<property name="age" value="20"></property>
</bean>
<!--student相关配置-->
<bean id="StudentTest" class="com.sw.dao.StudentTest"></bean>
<bean id="StudentTestService" class="com.sw.service.StudentTestService">
<property name="stuDao" ref="StudentTest"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="StudentTestServlet" class="com.sw.servlet.StudentTestServlet">
<property name="studentTestService" ref="StudentTestService"></property>
</bean>
- 测试类:在Test目录中配置SprinfTest类:
@Test
public void test(){
//加载配置文件
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-config.xml");
StudentTestServlet stu = (StudentTestServlet) applicationContext.getBean("StudentTestServlet");
stu.add();
Student student = (Student) applicationContext.getBean("student");
System.out.println(student);
}
测试结果: