流媒体服务器之nginx的rtmp模块
1 简介
RTMP是Real Time Messaging Protocol(实时消息传输协议)的首字母缩写。该协议基于TCP,是一个协议族,包括RTMP基本协议及RTMPT/RTMPS/RTMPE等多种变种。RTMP是一种设计用来进行实时数据通信的网络协议,主要用来在Flash/AIR平台和支持RTMP协议的流媒体/交互服务器之间进行音视频和数据通信。支持该协议的软件包括Adobe Media Server/Ultrant Media Server/red5等。
2 环境
2.1 环境信息
IP Address=10.168.0.51
HostName=rtmp.cmdschool.org
OS=CentOS 7.3
2.2 yum源配置
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yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make expat-devel
yum -y install rpm-build
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2.3 创建构建用户
useradd -u 1001 builder
2.4 关闭selinux
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setenforce 0 sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
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3 构建rpm包部分
3.1 下载安装包
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su - builder
cd ~
wget http: //nginx .org /packages/centos/7/SRPMS/nginx-1 .8.1-1.el7.ngx.src.rpm
wget -O nginx-rtmp-module-master.zip https: //codeload .github.com /arut/nginx-rtmp-module/zip/master
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3.2 解压并测试构建环境
3.2.1 构建环境和测试
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rpm -ivh nginx-1.8.1-1.el7.ngx.src.rpm rpmbuild -bb rpmbuild /SPECS/nginx .spec
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3.2.2 异常情况
如果看到类似提示:
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warning: bogus date in %changelog: Tue Aug 10 2011 Sergey Budnevitch
error: Failed build dependencies: openssl-devel >= 1.0.1 is needed by nginx-1:1.8.1-1.el7.centos.ngx.x86_64
zlib-devel is needed by nginx-1:1.8.1-1.el7.centos.ngx.x86_64
pcre-devel is needed by nginx-1:1.8.1-1.el7.centos.ngx.x86_64
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请先解决包的依赖关系然后重试:
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exit yum install -y openssl-devel zlib-devel pcre-devel
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3.2.3 正常情况
如果末尾类似的提示表示构建环境测试通过或称重新打包完成:
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+ umask 022
+ cd /home/builder/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd nginx-1.8.1
+ /bin/rm -rf /home/builder/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1 .8.1-1.el6.ngx.x86_64
+ exit 0
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3.3 配置增加模块的源文件
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unzip nginx-rtmp-module-master.zip cp -a nginx-rtmp-module-master nginx-rtmp-module
tar zcvf nginx-rtmp-module. tar .gz nginx-rtmp-module
cp nginx-rtmp-module. tar .gz rpmbuild /SOURCES/
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3.4 修改构建文件
3.4.1 创建配置文件副本
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cp rpmbuild /SPECS/nginx .spec rpmbuild /SPECS/nginx .spec.default
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3.4.2 修改配置文件参数
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vim rpmbuild /SPECS/nginx .spec
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修改如下参数:
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Source10: nginx.suse.logrotate Source11: nginx-rtmp-module. tar .gz
[..] %setup -q %setup -T -D -b 11 %build [..] --add-module=.. /nginx-rtmp-module
$*
make %{?_smp_mflags}
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注:增加第2,5,9行
3.5 重新构建rpm包
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rpmbuild -bb rpmbuild /SPECS/nginx .spec
exit |
4 配置RTMP服务
4.1 安装nginx包
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cd /home/builder/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/
yum -y install nginx-1.8.1-1.el7.centos.ngx.x86_64.rpm
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注:以上包可拷贝到其他CentOS7.3的机器上安装
4.2 确认模块启用
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nginx -V |
显示如下:
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nginx version: nginx /1 .8.1
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11) (GCC) built with OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013 TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments: --prefix= /etc/nginx --sbin-path= /usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path= /etc/nginx/nginx .conf --error-log-path= /var/log/nginx/error .log --http-log-path= /var/log/nginx/access .log --pid-path= /var/run/nginx .pid --lock-path= /var/run/nginx .lock --http-client-body-temp-path= /var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path= /var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path= /var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path= /var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path= /var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --add-module=.. /nginx-rtmp-module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with- file -aio --with-ipv6 --with-http_spdy_module --with-cc-opt= '-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic'
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可见配置的参数后面有加载模块:
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--add-module=.. /nginx-rtmp-module
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4.3 程序数据目录
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mkdir -p /var/www/html
chown nginx:nginx /var/www/html
chmod 700 /var/www/html
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4.4 创建配置文件
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vim /etc/nginx/nginx .conf
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修改内容如下:
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worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024;
} rtmp { server {
listen 1935;
chunk_size 4096;
application myapp { # 定义一个频道myapp
live on;
play /var/www/html ; # 定义频道的根目录
}
}
} http { server {
listen 80;
location /stat { # 定义状态的访问URI
rtmp_stat all;
rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;
}
location /stat .xsl { # 定义状态文件路径
root /var/www/html ;
}
location / { # 定义播放器网页访问的URI和根目录
root /var/www/html ;
}
}
} |
4.5 重启服务并配置服务默认启动
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systemctl restart nginx systemctl enable nginx
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4.6 配置防火墙
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firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port 1935 /tcp
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service http firewall-cmd --reload firewall-cmd --list-all |
4.7 上传测试文件
拍一个手机视频(MP4文件)上传到频道定义目录“/var/www/html”用于测试(笔者上传的是“1431308733062.mp4”)。
注:由于Nginx的rtmp模块一个简单的流媒体服务器,故对编码格式支持有限,他需要“ffmpeg”来补充,由于本案例只是基于Nginx扩展模块实现流媒体服务器,故这里不详述。
5 客户端配置
5.1 下载客户端并解压
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cd /var/www/html
wget https: //ssl .p.jwpcdn.com /player/download/jwplayer-7 .10.7.zip
unzip jwplayer-7.10.7.zip |
注:下载前要先在官网注册账号
5.2 使用代码加载播放器
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vim /var/www/html/index .html
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输入如下内容:
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<html> < head >
<script src= './jwplayer-7.10.7/jwplayer.js' >< /script >
<script>jwplayer.key= '******XCUoBbOY0Xq+PLboip3jP7gEy4******==' ;< /script >
< /head >
<body>
<div id = "player" >Loading the player...< /div >
<script>
// Setup the player
const player = jwplayer( 'player' ).setup({
file : 'rtmp://10.168.0.51/myapp/1431308733062.mp4'
});
// Listen to an event
player.on( 'pause' , (event) => {
alert( 'Why did my user pause their video instead of watching it?' );
});
// Call the API
const bumpIt = () => {
const vol = player.getVolume();
player.setVolume(vol + 10);
}
bumpIt();
< /script >
< /body >
< /html >
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注:修改第3,4,11行,其中第3行是播放器的解压位置,第4行是播放器的SN,第11行是流媒体的绝对路径。
5.3 测试播放
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http: //10 .168.0.51
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5.4 监视播放状态
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http: //10 .168.0.51 /stat
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