SPRING BOOT -- WEBSOCKET配置
websocket为浏览器为服务器提供了双工异步通信的功能,即浏览器可以向服务器发送消息,服务器也可以向浏览器发送消息。websocket需要浏览器的支持(ie10+、chrome 13+、firefox 6+)。
websocket是通过一个socket来实现双工异步通信功能,但是直接使用websocket会比较麻烦,我们使用它的子协议stomp,它是一个更高级的协议,stomp使用一个基于帧的格式来定义消息,与http的request和response类似。
实战(新建spring boot项目,选择thymeleaf和websocket)
1、广播式
广播式即服务端有消息时,会将消息发给所有连接了当前endpoint的浏览器。
① 配置websocket,需要再配置类上使用@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker开启websocket,并通过AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer类。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
|
package com.example.demo;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
/** * Created by xingzhuipingye on 2017/5/25.
*/
@Configuration //开启stomp协议来传输基于代理message broker的消息 @EnableWebSocketMessageBroker public class WebSocketConfig extends AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
@Override
//注册stomp协议节点 endpoint
public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry stompEndpointRegistry) {
//注册一个endpoint 并指定是哟个socketjs
stompEndpointRegistry.addEndpoint( "/endpointWisely" ).withSockJS();
}
@Override
//配置消息代理
public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
//广播式配置一个topic的消息代理
registry.enableSimpleBroker( "/topic" );
}
} |
② 浏览器向服务器发送的类
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
package com.example.demo;
/** * Created by xingzhuipingye on 2017/5/25.
*/
//浏览器向服务器发送消息用此类接受 public class WiselyMessage {
private String name;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
} |
③ 服务器向浏览器发送此类的消息
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
package com.example.demo;
/** * Created by xingzhuipingye on 2017/5/25.
*/
public class WiselyResponse {
private String responseMessage;
public WiselyResponse(String responseMessage) {
this .responseMessage = responseMessage;
}
public String getResponseMessage() {
return responseMessage;
}
} |
④ 控制器
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
|
package com.example.demo;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
/** * Created by xingzhuipingye on 2017/5/25.
*/
@Controller public class WsController {
//当浏览器向服务器发送请求的时候通过@MessageMapping 映射/welcome 这个地址 类似 RequestMapping
@MessageMapping ( "/welcome" )
//当服务器有消息的时候,会对订阅了@SendTo中的路径浏览器发送消息
@SendTo ( "/topic/getResponse" )
public WiselyResponse say(WiselyMessage wiselyMessage) throws InterruptedException {
Thread.sleep( 3000 );
return new WiselyResponse( "Welcome," + wiselyMessage.getName());
}
} |
⑤ 页面
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
|
<! DOCTYPE html>
< html lang="cn" xml:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:link="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
< head >
< meta charset="UTF-8"/>
< title >Title</ title >
< script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/sockjs-client/1.1.4/sockjs.min.js"></ script >
< script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/stomp.js/2.3.3/stomp.js"></ script >
< script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"></ script >
</ head >
< body onload="disconnect()">
< div >
< button id="connect" onclick="connect()">连接</ button >
< button id="disconnect" disabled="disabled" onclick="disconnect()">断开连接</ button >
</ div >
< div id="conversationDiv">
< label >输入你的名字</ label >
< input type="text" id="name"/>
< button id="sendName" onclick="sendName()">发送</ button >
< p id="response"></ p >
</ div >
</ body >
< script >
var stompClient = null;
function setConnected(connected) {
document.getElementById("connect").disabled = connected;
document.getElementById('disconnect').disabled = !connected;
document.getElementById('conversationDiv').style.visibility = connected ? 'visible' : 'hidden';
$('#response').html();
}
function connect() {
var socket = new SockJS('/endpointWisely');
stompClient = Stomp.over(socket);
stompClient.connect({},function (frame) {
setConnected(true);
console.log('connected'+ frame);
stompClient.subscribe('/topic/getResponse',function (response) {
showResponse(JSON.parse(response.body).responseMessage);
});
});
}
function disconnect() {
if(stompClient!=null){
stompClient.disconnect();
}
setConnected(false);
console.log('disconnected')
}
function sendName() {
var name = $('#name').val();
stompClient.send('/welcome',{},JSON.stringify({'name':name}));
}
function showResponse(message) {
var response = $('#response');
response.html(message);
}
</ script >
</ html >
|
打开三个浏览器分别输入名字测试
当一个浏览器发送一个消息到服务器端的时候,其他浏览器也能收到从服务器端发送来的消息。