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Spring 5 MVC + Hibernate 5

分类: 文章 • 2023-02-25 23:34:52

Spring 5 MVC + Hibernate 5示例

创建Spring 5 MVC Web应用程序，处理表单提交，集成hibernate 5连接到后端数据库，并为输入表单字段验证添加hibernate验证器。

创建一个简单的屏幕，可以在其中添加用户字段（名称和电子邮件）。首先验证这些细节，然后使用hibernate将其存储在Mysql数据库中。该页面还将列出所有存储的用户。

目录

Spring 5 MVC + Hibernate 5示例

开发环境

项目结构

Maven依赖

DispatcherServlet配置

Spring WebMVC配置

休眠配置

Spring Controller和REST映射

服务和DAO层

查看和消息资源

演示

开发环境

  • Eclipse Oxygen.3a Release (4.7.3a)
  • JDK 1.8
  • Spring 5.0.0.RELEASE
  • Hibernate 5.2.11.Final
  • Hibernate验证器5.4.1.Final
  • Servlets 3.1.0
  • Mysql 8.0.11
  • Tomcat 7 maven plugin 2.2

项目结构

该项目具有典型的maven Web应用程序结构。

Spring 5 MVC + Hibernate 5

Maven依赖

查找用于在pom.xml文件中运行此示例的项目依赖项。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.ibm.moses.spring5</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring5-mvc-hibernate</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<properties>
		<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
		<spring.version>5.0.0.RELEASE</spring.version>
		<hibernate.version>5.2.11.Final</hibernate.version>
		<hibernate.validator>5.4.1.Final</hibernate.validator>
		<c3p0.version>0.9.5.2</c3p0.version>
		<jstl.version>1.2.1</jstl.version>
		<tld.version>1.1.2</tld.version>
		<servlets.version>3.1.0</servlets.version>
		<jsp.version>2.3.1</jsp.version>
		<hsqldb.version>1.8.0.10</hsqldb.version>
		<mysql.version>8.0.11</mysql.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<!-- Spring MVC Dependency -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- Spring ORM -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- Hibernate ORM -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
			<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- Hibernate-C3P0 Integration -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
			<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- c3p0 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
			<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
			<version>${c3p0.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- Hibernate Validator -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
			<version>${hibernate.validator}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- JSTL Dependency -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl-api</artifactId>
			<version>${jstl.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
			<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
			<version>${tld.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- Servlet Dependency -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>${servlets.version}</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- JSP Dependency -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
			<version>${jsp.version}</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- HSQL Dependency -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>hsqldb</groupId>
			<artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
			<version>${hsqldb.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>${mysql.version}</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
		<resources>
			<resource>
				<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
			</resource>
		</resources>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.5.1</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<!-- Embedded Apache Tomcat required for testing war -->
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
				<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.2</version>
				<configuration>
					<path>/</path>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

DispatcherServlet配置

随着Servlet 3.0规范的发布，可以配置（几乎）没有xml的Servlet容器。为此ServletContainerInitializer，Servlet规范中有。在这个类中，您可以像在传统方式中那样注册过滤器，监听器，servlet等web.xml。

Spring提供了SpringServletContainerInitializer,知道如何处理WebApplicationInitializer类。AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer类实现WebMvcConfigurer,内部实现WebApplicationInitializer。它注册一个ContextLoaderlistener（可选）和一个DispatcherServlet并允许您轻松添加配置类以加载这两个类，并将过滤器应用于DispatcherServlet并提供servlet映射。

AppInitializer.java

package com.ibm.mose.demo.config;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;

public class AppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

	@Override
	protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
		return new Class[] { HibernateConfig.class };
	}

	@Override
	protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
		return new Class[] { WebMvcConfig.class };
	}

	@Override
	protected String[] getServletMappings() {
		return new String[] { "/" };
	}
}

Spring WebMVC配置

下面给出了使用注释配置的 Spring MVC配置。

WebMvcConfig.java

package com.ibm.mose.demo.config;

import org.springframework.context.MessageSource;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource;
import org.springframework.validation.Validator;
import org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages = { "com.ibm.mose.demo"})
public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

   @Bean
   public InternalResourceViewResolver resolver() {
      InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
      resolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
      resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
      resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
      return resolver;
   }

   @Bean
   public MessageSource messageSource() {
      ResourceBundleMessageSource source = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
      source.setBasename("messages");
      return source;
   }

   @Override
   public Validator getValidator() {
      LocalValidatorFactoryBean validator = new LocalValidatorFactoryBean();
      validator.setValidationMessageSource(messageSource());
      return validator;
   }
}
  1. WebMvcConfigurer定义用于自定义或添加到通过使用启用的默认Spring MVC配置的选项@EnableWebMvc。
  2. @EnableWebMvc启用默认的Spring MVC配置并注册所期望的Spring MVC基础架构组件DispatcherServlet。
  3. @Configuration表示一个类声明了一个或多个@Bean方法，并且可以由Spring容器处理，以便在运行时为这些bean生成bean定义和服务请求。
  4. @ComponentScan注释用于指定要扫描的基础包。将扫描使用@Component和@Configuration注释的任何类。
  5. InternalResourceViewResolver 有助于将逻辑视图名称映射到直接查看某个预配置目录下的文件。
  6. ResourceBundleMessageSource 使用指定的基本名称访问资源包（这里是消息）。
  7. LocalValidatorFactoryBeanbootstraps a javax.validation.ValidationFactory并通过Spring Validator接口以及JSR-303 Validator接口和ValidatorFactory接口本身公开它。

休眠配置

示例中使用的Hibernate配置基于基于hibernate Java的配置。

HibernateConfig.java

​
package com.ibm.mose.demo.config;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScans;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

import com.ibm.mose.demo.model.User;

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@ComponentScans(value = { @ComponentScan("com.ibm.mose.demo")})
public class HibernateConfig {

	@Autowired
	private ApplicationContext context;

	@Bean
	public LocalSessionFactoryBean getSessionFactory() {
		LocalSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = new LocalSessionFactoryBean();
		factoryBean.setConfigLocation(context.getResource("classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"));
		factoryBean.setAnnotatedClasses(User.class);
		return factoryBean;
	}

	@Bean
	public HibernateTransactionManager getTransactionManager() {
		HibernateTransactionManager transactionManager = new HibernateTransactionManager();
		transactionManager.setSessionFactory(getSessionFactory().getObject());
		return transactionManager;
	}

}

​
  • LocalSessionFactoryBean创建一个Hibernate SessionFactory。这是在Spring应用程序上下文中设置共享Hibernate SessionFactory的常用方法。
  • EnableTransactionManagement 支持Spring的注释驱动的事务管理功能。
  • HibernateTransactionManager将Hibernate Session从指定的工厂绑定到线程，可能允许每个工厂一个线程绑定的Session。此事务管理器适用于使用单个Hibernate SessionFactory进行事务性数据访问的应用程序，但它也支持DataSource在事务内直接访问，即纯JDBC。

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
		<property name="connection.password">123456</property>
		<property name="connection.username">root</property>
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC</property>
		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</property>
	
		<property name="hibernate.archive.autodetection">class,hbm</property>
		<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
		<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
		
		<property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">5</property>
		<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">20</property>
		<property name="hibernate.c3p0.acquire_increment">2</property>
		<property name="hibernate.c3p0.acquire_increment">1800</property>
		<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">150</property>
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

Spring Controller和REST映射

控制器类有两个简单的REST映射为GET和POST操作。如果未验证输入字段，则返回相同的表单bean以显示错误消息。否则返回刷新视图。

UserController.java

package com.ibm.mose.demo.controller;

import java.util.Locale;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;

import com.ibm.mose.demo.model.User;
import com.ibm.mose.demo.service.UserService;

@Controller
public class UserController {

	@Autowired
	private UserService userService;

	@GetMapping("/")
	public String userForm(Locale locale, Model model) {
		model.addAttribute("users", userService.list());
		return "editUsers";
	}
	
	@ModelAttribute("user")
    public User formBackingObject() {
        return new User();
    }

	@PostMapping("/addUser")
	public String saveUser(@ModelAttribute("user") @Valid User user, BindingResult result, Model model) {

		if (result.hasErrors()) {
			model.addAttribute("users", userService.list());
			return "editUsers";
		}

		userService.save(user);
		return "redirect:/";
	}
}

服务和DAO层

服务和DAO层是带有加注解的正常服务组件@Service和@Repository注释。@Transactional在服务层应用注释以获得事务支持。

UserService接口和Impl

package com.ibm.mose.demo.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.ibm.mose.demo.model.User;

public interface UserService {
   void save(User user);

   List<User> list();
}

package com.ibm.mose.demo.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.ibm.mose.demo.dao.UserDao;
import com.ibm.mose.demo.model.User;

@Service
public class UserServiceImp implements UserService {

   @Autowired
   private UserDao userDao;

   @Transactional
   public void save(User user) {
      userDao.save(user);
   }

   @Transactional(readOnly = true)
   public List<User> list() {
      return userDao.list();
   }

}

UserDao接口和Impl

package com.ibm.mose.demo.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.ibm.mose.demo.model.User;

public interface UserDao {
   void save(User user);
   List<User> list();
}

package com.ibm.mose.demo.dao;

import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.TypedQuery;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.ibm.mose.demo.model.User;

@Repository
public class UserDaoImp implements UserDao {

   @Autowired
   private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

   @Override
   public void save(User user) {
      sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);
   }

   @Override
   public List<User> list() {
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
      TypedQuery<User> query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from User");
      return query.getResultList();
   }

}

User.java

package com.ibm.mose.demo.model;
import static javax.persistence.GenerationType.IDENTITY;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;
/**
 * User entity. @author Moses modify Persistence Tools
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "user", catalog = "test")
public class User implements java.io.Serializable {
  // Fields
  private Long id;
  private Integer age;
  private String email;
  private String name;
  // Constructors
  /** default constructor */
  public User() {
  }
  /** full constructor */
  public User(Integer age, String email, String name) {
    this.age = age;
    this.email = email;
    this.name = name;
  }
  // Property accessors
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = IDENTITY)
  @Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false)
  public Long getId() {
    return this.id;
  }
  public void setId(Long id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  @Column(name = "age")
  public Integer getAge() {
    return this.age;
  }
  public void setAge(Integer age) {
    this.age = age;
  }
  @Column(name = "email", length = 50, unique = true)
  @Email(message = "{user.email.invalid}")
  @NotEmpty(message = "Please Enter your email")
  public String getEmail() {
    return this.email;
  }
  public void setEmail(String email) {
    this.email = email;
  }
  @Column(name = "name", length = 30)
  @Size(max = 20, min = 3, message = "{user.name.invalid}")
  @NotEmpty(message = "Please Enter your name")
  public String getName() {
    return this.name;
  }
  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
}

查看和消息资源

最后，使用JSP文件和消息资源包使用。

editUsers.jsp


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Spring5 MVC Hibernate Demo</title>
<style type="text/css">
.error {
	color: red;
}

table {
	width: 50%;
	border-collapse: collapse;
	border-spacing: 0px;
}

table td {
	border: 1px solid #565454;
	padding: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
	<h1>Input Form</h1>
	<form:form action="addUser" method="post" modelAttribute="user">
		<table>
			<tr>
				<td>Name</td>
				<td><form:input path="name" /> <br /> <form:errors
						path="name" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Email</td>
				<td><form:input path="email" /> <br /> <form:errors
						path="email" cssClass="error" /></td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan="2"><button type="submit">Submit</button></td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form:form>

	<h2>Users List</h2>
	<table>
		<tr>
			<td><strong>Name</strong></td>
			<td><strong>Email</strong></td>
		</tr>
		<c:forEach items="${users}" var="user">
			<tr>
				<td>${user.name}</td>
				<td>${user.email}</td>
			</tr>
		</c:forEach>
	</table>
</body>
</html>

messages.properties

user.name.invalid = Name entered is invalid. It must be between {2} and {1} characters.
user.email.invalid = Invalid email! Please enter valid email.

演示

让我们使用maven tomcat7插件运行应用程序。执行maven目标：mvn tomcat7:run。

网址： http://localhost:8080

初始屏幕

Spring 5 MVC + Hibernate 5

输入验证无效

Spring 5 MVC + Hibernate 5

有效表格提交

Spring 5 MVC + Hibernate 5

检查服务器日志。

Hibernate: insert into test.user (age, email, name) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_, user0_.age as age2_0_, user0_.email as e
mail3_0_, user0_.name as name4_0_ from test.user user0_

源代码：https://github.com/glory2018/spring5-mvc-hibernate.git

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