LNMP平台部署及应用
LAMP平台应该是目前应用最为广泛的网站服务器架构,但随着Nginx在企业中的使用越来越多,LNMP(或LEMP)架构也受到越来越多Linux系统工程师的青睐,其中"E"来自于Nginx的发音[engine x]
构建LNMP网站平台
构建LNMP平台需要Linux服务器、Nginx服务器、MySQL数据库、PHP解析环境,具体方法和LAMP差不多,Nginx服务器的搭建方法上篇博客已经介绍了,下面以安装好的Nginx服务器为基础,搭建LNMP平台
1. 安装MySQL数据库
MySQL数据库的安装方法以前讲过了,配置命令就不做解释了
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[[email protected] ~] # yum -y install ncurses-devel
[[email protected] ~] # tar zxf cmake-2.8.12.tar.gz
[[email protected] ~] # cd cmake-2.8.12
[[email protected] cmake-2.8.12] # ./configure && gmake && gmake install
[[email protected] cmake-2.8.12] # cd ~
[[email protected] ~] # tar zxf mysql-5.5.38.tar.gz
[[email protected] ~] # cd mysql-5.5.38
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DSYSCONFDIR= /etc/
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # make && make install
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp :是否覆盖 "/etc/my.cnf" ? y
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # chkconfig --add mysqld
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # . /etc/profile
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # groupadd mysql
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql -g mysql
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
--datadir= /usr/local/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. [确定] [[email protected] mysql-5.5.38] # mysqladmin -u root password 123456
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2. 安装PHP解析环境
添加FPM模块,用来对PHP解析实例进行管理、优化解析效率
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[[email protected] ~] # yum -y install gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel
[[email protected] ~] # tar zxf php-5.3.28.tar.gz
[[email protected] ~] # cd php-5.3.28/
[[email protected] php-5.3.28] # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-gd --with-zlib --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
--with-config- file -path= /usr/local/php5 -- enable -mbstring -- enable -fpm --with-jpeg- dir = /usr/lib
[[email protected] php-5.3.28] # make && make install
[[email protected] php-5.3.28] # cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php5/php.ini
[[email protected] php-5.3.28] # ln -s /usr/local/php5/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
[[email protected] php-5.3.28] # ln -s /usr/local/php5/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/
[[email protected] ~] # tar zxf ZendGuardLoader-php-5.3-linux-glibc23-x86_64.tar.gz
[[email protected] ~] # cd ZendGuardLoader-php-5.3-linux-glibc23-x86_64/php-5.3.x/
[[email protected] php-5.3.x] # cp ZendGuardLoader.so /usr/local/php5/lib/php/
[[email protected] php-5.3.x] # vim /usr/local/php5/php.ini
zend_extension= /usr/local/php5/lib/php/ZendGuardLoader .so
zend_loader. enable =1
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3. 配置Nginx支持PHP环境
若要让Nginx能够解析PHP网页,有两种方法:
方式一:充当中介,将访问PHP页面的Web请求转交给其他服务器(LAMP),从而实现由Nginx负责静态页面、LAMP负责动态页面的分离效果
方式二:通过使用PHP的FPM模块来调用本机的PHP环境
一、对于第一种方式,需要配置Nginx
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[[email protected] ~] # vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server { …… location ~ \.php$ {
proxy_pass http: //192 .168.1.100; //Apache 服务器的监听地址
}
} |
二、本篇博客采用第二种方式,配置方法如下:
(1)启用php-fpm进程
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[[email protected] ~] # cd /usr/local/php5/etc/
[[email protected] etc] # cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[[email protected] etc] # useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin php
[[email protected] etc] # vim php-fpm.conf
pid = run /php-fpm .pid // 确认pid文件位置
user = php group = php pm.start_servers = 20 // 启动时开启的进程数
pm.min_spare_servers = 5 // 最少空闲进程数
pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_children = 50 // 最多空闲进程数
[[email protected] etc] # /usr/local/sbin/php-fpm //启动php-fpm进程
[[email protected] etc] # netstat -anpt | grep php-fpm
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 123330 /php-fpm
[[email protected] etc] # vim /etc/init.d/nginx //添加以下内容,以便php-fpm程序随Nginx的控制启动或关闭
PROG_FPM= "/usr/local/sbin/php-fpm"
PIDF_FPM= "/usr/local/php5/var/run/php-fpm.pid"
case "$1" in
start) netstat -anpt | grep "php-fpm" &> dev /null && pgrep "php-fpm" &> /dev/null
if [ $? - eq 0 ]; then
echo "php-fpm is running"
else $PROG_FPM fi ;; stop) netstat -anpt | grep "php-fpm" &> dev /null && pgrep "php-fpm" &> /dev/null
if [ $? - eq 0 ]; then
killall -s QUIT php-fpm echo "php-fpm is down"
fi ;; esac |
(2)配置Nginx支持PHP解析
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[[email protected] ~] # vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server { // 找到以下文件,去掉 #
…… location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/www/ysf ; //PHP 网页文档根目录
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; //php-fpm 的监听地址
fastcgi_index index.php; //PHP 首页文件
include fastcgi_params; // 包括fastcgi_params样本配置
}
} [[email protected] ~] # service nginx restart //重启服务即可生效
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(3)PHP页面访问测试
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[[email protected] ~] # vim /var/www/ysf/test.php //创建测试网页
<?php $link=mysql_connect( "localhost" , "root" , "123456" );
if ($link) echo "welcome to database!!!" ;
mysql_close(); ?> |
先创建一个测试文件,在浏览器中访问,测试PHP是否正常解析,以及能否访问MySQL数据库
在LNMP平台中部署Web应用
LNMP平台与LAMP平台是非常相似的,区别主要在于使用Web服务软件的不同,而这与使用PHP开发的Web应用程序并无太大关系。下面以“天空网络电影系统”为例,介绍在LNMP平台部署过程
天空网络电影系统(简称SKYUC ),是一套PHP视频点播系统,支持各种P2P流媒体软件,应用范围非常广泛,其官网地址为http://www.skyuc.com/
1. 下载并调整程序代码
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[[email protected] ~] # yum -y install unzip
[[email protected] ~] # unzip SKYUC.v3.4.2.SOURCE.zip //将下载的SKYUC文件解压
[[email protected] ~] # mv SKYUC.v3.4.2.SOURCE/wwwroot /var/www/ysf/skyuc //将wwwroot移到网站根目录
[[email protected] ~] # cd /var/www/ysf/skyuc/ //调整相关权限
[[email protected] skyuc] # chown -R php:php admincp/ data/ templates/ upload/
[[email protected] skyuc] # mysql -u root -p
Enter password: …… // 新建skyuc专用数据库及授权用户,降低数据库的风险
mysql> create database skyucdb; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) |
2. 安装Web应用
3. 访问Web应用系统