dhcp服务和tftp服务

一.dhcp服务：

服务端：

1.配置服务器ip为静态：通过图形修改：nm-connection-editor

进入图形界面进行设定

2.配置yum源

cd /etc/yum.repos.d------ls------vim rhel_dvd.repo（配置yum源）------yum install dhcp -y（安装dhcp）------

yum clean all(清空yum缓存) 

3.rpm -qc dhcp        查看dhcp的配置文件在哪里

4.vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf              查看配置文件

注意：配置文件没有，从配置文件模板复制配置文件。

5.cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example(配置文件模板)   /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf复制配置文件模板到/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf。

6.vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf          修改配置文件

编辑内容如下：

  6 # option definitions common to all supported networks...

  7 option domain-name "westos.com";                        **域名

  8 option domain-name-servers 172.25.254.250;          **dns地址

  9

 10 default-lease-time 600;                             **默认租约期限

 11 max-lease-time 7200;                                **最长租约期限

 12

 13 # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.

 14 #ddns-update-style none;

 15

 16 # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local

 17 # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.

 18 #authoritative;

 19

 20 # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also

 21 # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).

 22 log-facility local7;                                    **日志级别

 23

 24 # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the

 25 # DHCP server to understand the network topology.

 26

 27

 28

 29 # This is a very basic subnet declaration.

 30

 31 subnet 172.25.254.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {           **设定分配ip的网络位

 32   range 172.25.254.200 172.25.254.220;                    **ip地址池

 33   option routers 172.25.254.250;                              **客户主机获得的网关

修改域名和dns地址

删除27，28行的内容

设定分配ip的网络位，设定ip地址池，客户主机获得的网关，34行以后的内容都删除。

7.systemctl restart dhcpd         **重启dhcp服务

二.客户端

1.编辑配置文件修改dhcp：vim  /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

编辑内容如下：

DEVICE=eth0                      网卡名称

BOOTPROTO=dhcp           动态网络

ONBOOT=yes                     

TYPE=Ethernet                    类型Ethernet

USERCTL=yes

PEERDNS=yes

PERSISTENT_DHCTLENT=1

2.systemctl restart network        **重启服务获得ip

3.ifconfig                                      **查看ip

三.cat /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases  **查看分配的ip客户端的mac（物理）地址

 se 172.25.254.212 {

  starts 4 2018/04/12 05:06:56;

  ends 4 2018/04/12 05:16:56;

  cltt 4 2018/04/12 05:06:56;

  binding state active;

  next binding state free;

  rewind binding state free;

  hardware ethernet 52:54:00:00:07:0b;         客户端mac（物理）地址

}

二.tftp服务

服务端：

1.yum install tftp -y(安装tftp服务)

2.yum whatprovides  */pxelinux.0         **下载引导文件

3.yum  install  syslinux-4.05-12.el7.x86_64 tftp-server     **安装syslinux

3.cd /var/lib/tftpboot/                           **移动到目录下

4.mkdir pxelinux.cfg                           **新建目录

touch  /pxelinux.cfg/fefault

4.scp  [email protected]:/var/www/html/pub/rhel7.2/isolinux/isolinux.cfg     /var/lib/ftpboot/

  pxelinux.cfg/default   **复制文件isolinux.cfg到pxelinux.cfg/default里面。

5.scp [email protected]:/var/www/html/pub/rhel7.2/isolinux/*     /var/lib/tftpboot/

           **复制镜像中的文件

6.编辑配置文件：vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

编辑内容：
# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
#       protocol.  The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
#       workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
#       and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
        socket_type             = dgram
        protocol                = udp
        wait                    = yes
        user                    = root
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args             = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
        disable                 = no      **开启tftp服务
        per_source              = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}
~      

       

7.systemctl restart xinetd.service     **重启服务（版本不同用以下方法）

rpm  -ql  tftp-server          查看tftp-server生成的文件

systemctl  restart  tftp                               重启tftp

systemctl   start  tftp.socket                       打开tftp服务

8.chkconfig --list                     **查看状态
xinetd based services:
    chargen-dgram:     off
    chargen-stream:    off
    daytime-dgram:     off
    daytime-stream:    off
    discard-dgram:     off
    discard-stream:    off
    echo-dgram:        off
    echo-stream:       off
    tcpmux-server:     off
    tftp:              on              **tftp服务开启
    time-dgram:        off
    time-stream:       off

netstat   -antlupe   |  grep   69                查看69接口是否打开

9.编辑配置文件：vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

内容为：
# This is a very basic subnet declaration.

subnet 172.25.254.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 172.25.254.200 172.25.254.220;
  option routers 172.25.254.250;
  next-server 172.25.254.107;
  filename "pxelinux.0";
}

～

10.systemctl restart dhcpd           **重启服务

11.systemctl stop firewalld          **关闭防火墙

测试端：

1.virt-manager                       **开启显示虚拟机

2.点open------点灯泡------boot options------网卡------屏幕------开始      

通过物理地址安装虚拟机：
服务端：
1.编辑文件：vim default
内容如下：
 64   kernel vmlinuz
 65   append initrd=initrd.img repo=http://172.25.254.7/pub/rhel7.2/  **yum源位置
 66
 67 label check


 61 label linux
 62   menu label ^Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2
 63   menu default            **默认在第一行
 64   kernel vmlinuz

2.systemctl stop firewalld    **关闭防火墙

测试端：
1.virt-manager                       **开启显示虚拟机
2.poen------点灯泡------boot options------网卡------屏幕------开始