开始测试oracle 11g rac，本本的性能有限，因此装个单节点rac。步骤如下：

网卡绑定

修改/etc/modprobe.conf 和/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts下的ifcfg-bond* ifcfg-eth*

这里不再多说

配置Xmanager连接

vi /usr/share/gdm/defaults.conf

将[xdmcp]下的Enable=false 改成Enable=true

AllowRemoteRoot=false 改成AllowRemoteRoot=true

使之生效：

gdm-restart

检查系统中是否安装了需要的包

需要安装的包的清单：

binutils-2.15.92.0.2
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)
elfutils-libelf-0.97
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97
expat-1.95.7
gcc-3.4.6
gcc-c++-3.4.6
glibc-2.3.4-2.41
glibc-2.3.4-2.41 (32 bit)
glibc-common-2.3.4
glibc-devel-2.3.4
glibc-headers-2.3.4
libaio-0.3.105
libaio-0.3.105 (32 bit)
libaio-devel-0.3.105
libaio-devel-0.3.105 (32 bit)
libgcc-3.4.6
libgcc-3.4.6 (32-bit)
libstdc++-3.4.6
libstdc++-3.4.6 (32 bit)
libstdc++-devel 3.4.6
make-3.80
pdksh-5.2.14
sysstat-5.0.5
unixODBC-2.2.11
unixODBC-2.2.11 (32 bit)
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 (32 bit)

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n'binutils \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
elfutils-libelf \
elfutils-libelf-devel \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-common \
glibc-devel \
glibc-headers \
ksh \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
make \
sysstat \
unixODBC \
unixODBC-devel

创建用户

新建几个用户组

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

groupadd -g 1020 asmadmin

groupadd -g 1021 asmdba

groupadd -g 1031 dba

groupadd -g 1022 asmoper

创建用户

useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba grid

useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle

passwd oracle

passwd grid

修改环境变量

cat>>/home/grid/.bashrc<<EOF if [ -t 0 ]; then stty intr ^C fi export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/11.2.0/grid export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH umask 022 EOF cat>>/home/oracle/.bashrc<<EOF if [ -t 0 ]; then stty intr ^C fi export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_SID=oradb1 export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH umask 022 EOF
cat>>/root/.bashrc<<EOF export PATH=/opt/app/11.2.0/grid/bin:/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin:\$PATH EOF

配置网络

cat>/etc/hosts<<EOF # Do not remove the following line, or various programs # that require network functionality will fail. 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost # Public Network - (eth0,eth1---bond0) 192.168.77.241 rac rac.wildwave.com # Private Interconnect - (eth2,eth3-bond1) 10.10.10.241 rac-priv # Public Virtual IP (VIP) addresses for - (eth0,eth1---bond0) 192.168.77.243 rac-vip EOF

配置DNS

服务器端配置

修改/etc/named.conf文件

cd /var/named/chroot/etc cat> named.conf<<EOF options { listen-on port 53 { any; }; listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; // Those options should be used carefully because they disable port // randomization // query-source port 53; // query-source-v6 port 53; allow-query { 192.168.77.0/24; }; }; logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; view localhost_resolver { match-clients { 192.168.77.0/24; }; match-destinations { any; }; recursion yes; include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones"; }; controls { inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { "rndckey"; }; }; include "/etc/rndc.key"; EOF cat> named.rfc1912.zones<<EOF zone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; zone "wildwave.com" IN { type master; file "wildwave.zone"; allow-update { none; }; }; zone "77.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN { type master; file "named.wildwave"; allow-update { none; }; }; EOF

修改/var/named/下的文件

cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/ cat>named.ca<<EOF ; This file holds the information on root name servers needed to ; initialize cache of Internet domain name servers ; (e.g. reference this file in the "cache . <file>" ; configuration file of BIND domain name servers). ; ; This file is made available by InterNIC ; under anonymous FTP as ; file /domain/named.cache ; on server FTP.INTERNIC.NET ; -OR- RS.INTERNIC.NET ; ; last update: Jun 17, 2010 ; related version of root zone: 2010061700 ; ; formerly NS.INTERNIC.NET ; . 3600000 IN NS A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 198.41.0.4 A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 AAAA 2001:503:BA3E::2:30 ; ; FORMERLY NS1.ISI.EDU ; . 3600000 NS B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 192.228.79.201 ; ; FORMERLY C.PSI.NET ; . 3600000 NS C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 192.33.4.12 ; ; FORMERLY TERP.UMD.EDU ; . 3600000 NS D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 128.8.10.90 ; ; FORMERLY NS.NASA.GOV ; . 3600000 NS E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 192.203.230.10 ; ; FORMERLY NS.ISC.ORG ; . 3600000 NS F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 192.5.5.241 F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 AAAA 2001:500:2F::F ; ; FORMERLY NS.NIC.DDN.MIL ; . 3600000 NS G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 192.112.36.4 ; ; FORMERLY AOS.ARL.ARMY.MIL ; . 3600000 NS H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 128.63.2.53 H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 AAAA 2001:500:1::803F:235 ; ; FORMERLY NIC.NORDU.NET ; . 3600000 NS I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 192.36.148.17 I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 AAAA 2001:7FE::53 ; ; OPERATED BY VERISIGN, INC. ; . 3600000 NS J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 192.58.128.30 J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 AAAA 2001:503:C27::2:30 ; ; OPERATED BY RIPE NCC ; . 3600000 NS K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 193.0.14.129 K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 AAAA 2001:7FD::1 ; ; OPERATED BY ICANN ; . 3600000 NS L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 199.7.83.42 L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 AAAA 2001:500:3::42 ; ; OPERATED BY WIDE ; . 3600000 NS M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 A 202.12.27.33 M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 AAAA 2001:DC3::35 ; End of File EOF
正向解析：

cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/ cat>wildwave.zone<<EOF \$TTL 86400 @ IN SOA rac.wildwave.com. root.wildwave.com. ( 2010022101 ; serial (d. adams) 3H ; refresh 15M ; retry 1W ; expiry 1D ) ; minimum @ IN NS rac.wildwave.com. rac IN A 192.168.77.241 rac-vip IN A 192.168.77.243 rac-scan IN A 192.168.77.245 rac-scan IN A 192.168.77.246 rac-scan IN A 192.168.77.247 EOF
反向解析：

cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/ cat>named.wildwave<<EOF \$TTL 86400 @ IN SOA rac.wildwave.com. root.wildwave.com. ( 2010022101 ; Serial 28800 ; Refresh 14400 ; Retry 3600000 ; Expire 86400 ) ; Minimum @ IN NS rac.wildwave.com. 241 IN PTR rac.wildwave.com. 243 IN PTR rac-vip.wildwave.com. 245 IN PTR rac-scan.wildwave.com. 246 IN PTR rac-scan.wildwave.com. 247 IN PTR rac-scan.wildwave.com. EOF

chkconfig named on

service named restart

客户端配置

cat>/etc/resolv.conf<<EOF

nameserver 192.168.77.241

EOF

vi /etc/nsswitch.conf

hosts: files dns

顺序改为

hosts:dns files

时间同步

使用CTSS

这个试验里我们使用CTSS

停ntp 时间同步

/etc/init.d/ntpd stop

chkconfig ntpd off

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.org

使用NTP

chkconfig ntpd on

vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpd

# Drop root to id 'ntp:ntp' by default.

OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p/var/run/ntpd.pid"

# Set to 'yes' to sync hw clock aftersuccessful ntpdate

SYNC_HWCLOCK=no

# Additional options for ntpdate

NTPDATE_OPTIONS=""

Then, restart the NTP service.

/sbin/service ntpd restart

配置内核参数

cat>>/etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF kernel.shmmax = 4294967295 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 6815744 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 fs.aio-max-nr=1048576 EOF

修改资源限制

cat>>/etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF grid soft nproc 2047 grid hard nproc 16384 grid soft nofile 1024 grid hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 EOF echo "session required pam_limits.so">>/etc/pam.d/login cat>>/etc/profile<<EOF if [ \$USER = \"oracle\" ] || [ $USER = \"grid\" ]; then if [ \$SHELL = \"/bin/ksh\" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi umask 022 fi EOF

创建相关目录

mkdir -p /opt/app/oraInventory chown -R grid:oinstall /opt/app/oraInventory chmod -R 775 /opt/app/oraInventory mkdir -p /opt/app/11.2.0/grid chown -R grid:oinstall /opt/app/11.2.0/grid chmod -R 775 /opt/app/11.2.0/grid mkdir -p /opt/app/oracle mkdir /opt/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/app/oracle chmod -R 775 /opt/app/oracle mkdir -p /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 chmod -R 775 /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

安装和配置ASMLib

rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.7-1.el5.i386.rpm\
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm \
oracleasm-2.6.18-128.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.i686.rpm

/etc/init.d/oracleasm configure

Default user to own the driver interface[]: grid
Default group to own the driver interface[]: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot(y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n)[y]: y
Writing Oracle ASM library driverconfiguration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLibdisks: [ OK ]

添加asmdisk

/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK1 /dev/sdc1

/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK2 /dev/sdc2

/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK3 /dev/sdc3

/usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK4 /dev/sdc4

/usr/sbin/oracleasm scandisks

/usr/sbin/oracleasm listdisks

安装cvuqdisk包

在grid安装目录中的rpm下，安装这个包

[[email protected] rpm]# rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm

Preparing...########################################### [100%]

Using default group oinstall to installpackage

1:cvuqdisk ###########################################[100%]

若cvuqdisk的所有者不为oinstall，则需要设置环境变量CVUQDISK_GRP的值为该用户组

安装Grid Infrastructure

使用grid用户登录，执行runInstaller来安装

这里的cluster name 添集群名称，scan name填上在dns服务器中配置的scan ip对应的名称

创建asm disk group，用于存放ocr和vote，冗余度normal为3倍，high为5倍

安装RDBMS

创建数据库