springboot 单元测试
单元测试 (适用接口开发完成)
Spring Boot进行单元测试,主要针对Service和接口(Controller)。
1. 添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
2. 需要测试的Service&Controller
UserService.java
public interface UserService {
List<UserPO> getAll();
}
UserServiceImpl.java
@Service
@Slf4j
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Resource
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Override
public List<UserPO> getAll() {
return userMapper.selectAll();
}
}
UserController.java
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
@Slf4j
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
//查询所有学员
@GetMapping("")
public List<UserPO> getAll(@RequestParam(defaultValue = "1") Integer pageNum, @RequestParam(defaultValue = "10") Integer size, Model model) {
//设置分页信息,分别是当前页数和每页大小
PageHelper.startPage(pageNum, size);
List<UserPO> userList = userService.getAll();
log.info("查询到的数据: " + userService.getAll().toString());
return userList;
}
//查询一个学员
@GetMapping("/{id}")
public UserPO getOneUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
return userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
}
//增加一个学员
@PostMapping("")
public void addOneUser(UserPO po){
userMapper.insert(po);
}
}
3.创建Mock基类
Controller层的测试需要MockMvc去模拟Http请求,Service层不需要
import org.junit.Before;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
public class BaseMockTest {
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext context;
public MockMvc mockMvc;
@Before
public void setUpMockMvc(){
//mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new UserController()).build();
//使用上下文构建mockMvc
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(context).build();
}
}
4. 生成测试类
选中需要生成的类,ctrl+shift+T
生成的Controller测试类
添加注解@SpringBootTest @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
UserServiceImplTest.java
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class UserServiceImplTest {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Test
public void getAll() {
//测试Service层
List<UserPO> all = userService.getAll();
Assert.assertThat(all.size(),is(11));
}
}
Controller的测试类需要Mock请求,Demo如下:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
//随机启动端口,避免端口冲突
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
//单元测试回滚,不想造成垃圾数据,可以开启事物
@Transactional
@Slf4j
public class UserControllerTest extends BaseMockTest {
@Test
public void getAll() throws Exception {
MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/user")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
.andReturn();
String result = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();
log.info("测试result: " + result);
}
@Test
public void getOneWithAllCourse() {
//测试Controller层
}
@Test
public void getOneUser() throws Exception {
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/user/1").param("id", "1"))
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());
}
@Test
public void addOneUser() throws Exception {
//增加一个用户
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user")
.param("id","12")
.param("childName","ssss")
.param("parentName","mksdsds")
.param("phone","1316067812"));
//查询是否增加了
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/user/12"))
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());
}
}
5. 运行
直接run/debug对应的测试类即可,无需启动spring容器,即可测试接口的业务逻辑.
如果对您有帮助,可以 ????