bittorrent_面向初学者的BitTorrent：充分利用Internet连接

bittorrent

Just got started using BitTorrent and want it to download torrents faster? With some easy configuration, you can use your bandwidth to its utmost potential, even if you don’t have fat pipes at home.

刚开始使用BitTorrent并希望它更快地下载种子吗？通过一些简单的配置，即使您在家中没有笨拙的管道，您也可以最大程度地利用带宽。

This is the fifth article in our series explaining BitTorrent—be sure and check out our beginner’s guide, how to create your own torrents, protecting your privacy, and how to privately share large files with your friends.

这是我们系列中的第五篇文章，介绍BitTorrent，请确保并阅读我们的初学者指南，如何创建自己的种子，如何保护您的隐私以及如何与朋友私下共享大文件。

Image by The Planet

图片由星球

首先测试您的连接 (Test Your Connection First)

In order for this to be most effective, you should get your connection speed tested, and you may also wish to see if your ISP is throttling (artificially slowing) BitTorrent transfers so you can adjust your settings to try to get around that.

为了使此方法最有效，您应该测试连接速度，并且还可能希望查看您的ISP是否正在节流(人为地减慢)了BitTorrent传输，因此您可以调整设置以解决此问题。

Both of these can be achieved using the Glasnost ISP Traffic-Shaping Test, which utilizes the Java Runtime Environment to test a variety of things. Once you know what you’re working with, you can use some of the tips below to make the most of your bandwidth.

可以使用Glasnost ISP流量整形测试来实现这两个目标，该测试利用Java运行时环境来测试各种事物。知道要使用的内容后，您可以使用以下一些技巧来充分利用带宽。

If you get a “missing plugin” error, you may not have JRE installed. Follow instructions for your browser to install Java, then take the test.

如果收到“缺少插件”错误，则可能未安装JRE。按照浏览器的说明安装Java，然后进行测试。

优化连接和速度限制 (Optimizing Connections and Speed Limits)

Because BitTorrent works by creating multiple connections out for each torrent you’re downloading, things can get bogged down. Depending on how many torrents you have actively downloading at a time, you can change the maximum number of outgoing and incoming connections, and set up some rules to manage your speeds.

由于BitTorrent的工作方式是为您下载的每个torrent创建多个连接，因此事情可能会陷入困境。根据您一次主动下载的种子数量，您可以更改传出和传入连接的最大数量，并设置一些规则来管理速度。

In uTorrent, go to Options > Preferences, and then click on the Bandwidth tab.

在uTorrent中，转到“选项”>“首选项”，然后单击“带宽”选项卡。

Global Upload/Download Rate Limiting allows you to set “speed limits” for transfers. The “Alternate upload rate” option allows you to change the rate of transfer when you’re not downloading, so you can set one limit for while you’re downloading, and once it finishes it’ll switch to a second rate. This is a great for those with lower bandwidth, as you can set a higher seeding rate once you’ve finished downloading. This helps maintain a good ratio without sacrificing download speed too much.

全局上载/下载速率限制使您可以设置传输的“速度限制”。 “备用上传速率”选项使您可以在不下载时更改传输速率，因此可以在下载时设置一个限制，一旦完成，它将切换为第二个速率。这对于带宽较低的用户来说非常有用，因为一旦完成下载，您可以设置更高的播种率。这有助于保持良好的比率，而不会过多降低下载速度。

Altering the number of connections changes the maximum connections that are made overall (Global) or by each torrent. You can also change how many people to upload to simultaneously. If you have a good bandwidth connection or you’re primarily going to be torrenting for a while, then you can increase the upload slots. In addition, if your bandwidth is low, you can decrease the number of connections made to streamline and get better speeds, or to get around ISP throttling.

更改连接数会更改整体(全局)或每个torrent的最大连接数。您还可以更改要同时上传的人数。如果您拥有良好的带宽连接，或者主要是要暂时洪流一段时间，则可以增加上传插槽。此外，如果带宽较低，则可以减少建立连接的数量以简化并提高速度，或避免ISP限制。

选择一个好的客户 (Choosing a Good Client)

We hate to keep focusing on this, but If you’re not already, start using uTorrent (on Windows) or Transmission (on Linux and Mac OS). Both clients support the use of advanced connection management systems like DHT and PEX (peer exchange), as well as much more, and have them turned on by default. Other clients, like Vuze, don’t support both types of PEX, and still others are heavy on resources or drop connections. Regardless of which client you use, however, learn the ins and outs of your client and use that to your advantage.

我们不愿一直专注于此，但如果您还没有开始，请开始使用uTorrent(在Windows上)或Transmission(在Linux和Mac OS上)。这两个客户端都支持使用高级连接管理系统，例如DHT和PEX(对等交换)以及更多功能，并且默认情况下将它们打开。其他客户端(例如Vuze)不支持两种类型的PEX，还有其他客户端则占用大量资源或断开连接。但是，无论您使用哪个客户端，都应了解客户端的来龙去脉，并利用它来发挥自己的优势。

If you need to disable or re-enable DHT or PEX in uTorrent, go to Options > Preferences, and then click on the BitTorrent tab.

如果需要在uTorrent中禁用或重新启用DHT或PEX，请转到“选项”>“首选项”，然后单击“ BitTorrent”选项卡。

Some private trackers prefer DHT and/or PEX disabled (for privacy reasons), so be sure to read the rules section of your tracker of choice.

一些私人跟踪器更喜欢禁用DHT和/或PEX(出于隐私原因)，因此请务必阅读所选跟踪器的“规则”部分。

比率和下载队列 (Ratio and the Download Queue)

Many trackers—especially private trackers—operate based on a minimum ratio of uploaded amount to downloaded amount in order to continue using them. For example, let’s say your tracker has a minimum ratio of .75. In order to prevent being banned, you must upload at least 75% of what you download, by file size. This works based on an overall average of the total data downloaded and uploaded, so it doesn’t matter how many individual torrents you are downloading or seeding or what the ratios of specific torrents are.

为了继续使用，许多跟踪器(尤其是私有跟踪器)都基于上传量与下载量的最小比率进行操作。例如，假设您的跟踪器的最小比例为.75。为了防止被禁止，您必须按文件大小至少上传下载内容的75％。这是根据下载和上传的总数据的总体平均水平得出的，因此，无论您要下载或播种多少个单个种子，还是特定种子的比率是多少，都无关紧要。

These rules are a way of ensuring you’re giving back to the community, and in order to oblige that while preventing you from having to worry about bandwidth, there are options in uTorrent to seed up to a user-defined ratio before closing the torrent.

这些规则是确保您回馈社区的一种方式，为了使您在避免担心带宽的同时承担义务，uTorrent中提供了一些选项，可以在关闭洪流之前播种到用户定义的比率。

Go to Options > Preferences, and then click on the Queueing (sic) tab.

转到选项>首选项，然后单击排队(原文如此)选项卡。

Here, you can set the ratio up to which uTorrent will give seeding a priority. If you adjust the options below that, you’ll be able to limit the rate for uploads after that minimum ratio is reached.

在这里，您可以设置uTorrent优先播种的比率。如果您调整下面的选项，则可以在达到最小比率后限制上传速率。

You’ll also notice the queue settings at the top of this pane. You can change the maximum number of active downloads and overall transfers so that you don’t choke your internet connection, or so that you use it to its full extent.

您还会在此窗格的顶部注意到队列设置。您可以更改活动下载和整体传输的最大数量，以免阻塞互联网连接，或者完全使用互联网。

转移封顶 (Transfer Capping)

If you have a monthly cap for your bandwidth, you can set up uTorrent to not exceed a configured amount so you don’t have to manage it constantly.

如果您有带宽的每月上限，则可以将uTorrent设置为不超过配置的数量，因此不必不断进行管理。

Open up the Transfer Cap tab in uTorrent’s settings.

在uTorrent的设置中打开“转移上限”标签。

Check the “Enable Transfer Cap” option and set up your criteria so you don’t have to watch your torrents like a hawk anymore.

选中“启用传输上限”选项并设置您的条件，这样您就不必再像鹰一样观看种子了。

Use these tricks to make the most of a low-bandwidth connection or to automate a fast one. You’ll be filling up disk space in no time at all! Be sure to check out our other articles in this series, and share your own tips and tricks in the comments.

使用这些技巧可以充分利用低带宽连接或使快速连接自动化。您将立即充满磁盘空间！请务必查看本系列的其他文章，并在评论中分享您自己的技巧和窍门。

Do you have any great tips on using BitTorrent? Share your expertise with your fellow readers in the comments.

您在使用BitTorrent方面有什么很棒的提示吗？在评论中与其他读者分享您的专业知识。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/34929/bittorrent-for-beginners-making-the-most-of-your-internet-connection/