Spring Boot 实践1 --创建WEB restful项目，集成jpa

实践背景:基于Spring boot 快速创建web+jpa(mysql)项目

条件：java8,服务器使用springboot 内置tomcat

(转载请注明来源:cnblogs coder-fang)

　　下载springboot 专用IDE,STS（spring tools),创建项目:
不要选择其它，直接finish.

修改POM文件，首先修改 spring-boot-starter-parent版本如下:

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.3.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

修改到1.5.3是为了兼容之后我们要实践的spring cloud版本.

增加web与jpa相关依赖:

        <!-- web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- jpa -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>            
        </dependency>

项目包的组织方式如下，使项目入口的Application在最顶层。
本次实践基于mysql,数据库testdb,数据结构为:

在com.test.demo.db.entity包下，创建两个表对应的实体（最好使用JPA自动生成工具）:

package com.test.demo.db.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.*;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;

import java.util.List;


/**
 * The persistent class for the department database table.
 * 
 */
@Entity
@Table(name="department")
public class Department implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;

    private String name;

    //bi-directional many-to-one association to User
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="department")
    @JsonIgnore
    private List<User> users;

    public Department() {
    }

    public int getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return this.name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public List<User> getUsers() {
        return this.users;
    }

    public void setUsers(List<User> users) {
        this.users = users;
    }

    public User addUser(User user) {
        getUsers().add(user);
        user.setDepartment(this);

        return user;
    }

    public User removeUser(User user) {
        getUsers().remove(user);
        user.setDepartment(null);

        return user;
    }

}

View Code

package com.test.demo.db.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.*;


/**
 * The persistent class for the user database table.
 * 
 */
@Entity
@Table(name="user")
public class User implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int id;

    private String username;

    //bi-directional many-to-one association to Department
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="fk_depart")    
    private Department department;

    public User() {
    }

    public int getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return this.username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Department getDepartment() {
        return this.department;
    }

    public void setDepartment(Department department) {
        this.department = department;
    }

}

View Code

在package com.test.demo.db.repo包中创建repository,只需要继承JpaRepository:

package com.test.demo.db.repo;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.test.demo.db.entity.Department;

@Repository
public interface DepartmentRepository extends  JpaRepository<Department, Integer>
{

}

package com.test.demo.db.repo;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.test.demo.db.entity.User;

@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Integer>{

    User findByUsernameLike(String name);
}

通用的CRUD已全部被Spring boot实现(很强大)，特定的CRUD只需要在此接口下进行编辑即可（例如 UserRepository下的findByUsernameLike函数），相关的命名规则请自行搜索spring-data-jpa相关资料。

在application.properties中增加对数据库的访问配置:

#for db
spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/testdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
spring.datasource.username=test
spring.datasource.password=test
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none
spring.jpa.show-sql=true

在包 com.test.demo.controller 中增加controller,且可直接注入上述的repository,相关实现springboot已自动为我们完善:

package com.test.demo.controller;


import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.test.demo.db.entity.User;


@RestController
public class MainCtrl{    
    
    protected Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
    
    @Autowired
    protected UserRepository userRepo;
    
    @Autowired 
    protected DepartmentRepository departRepo;
    
    @RequestMapping("user/{name}")
    Object getuser(@PathVariable("name") String name,HttpServletRequest request)
    {        
        log.debug("invoke user by name:"+name);
        request.getSession().setAttribute("user", name);
        User user =userRepo.findByUsernameLike(name+"%"); 
        return user;
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("depart/{id}")
    Object getdepart(@PathVariable("id") Integer id)
    {
        return  departRepo.findOne(id);
    }
    
    
    
    
}

View Code

至此，我们的项目已可以正常运转，YES，就是这么快，使用Run As Spring boot app,启动应用:

控制台输出最后几行:

2017-11-03 15:58:59.347  WARN 10712 --- [  restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource     : No URLs will be polled as dynamic configuration sources.
2017-11-03 15:58:59.348  INFO 10712 --- [  restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource     : To enable URLs as dynamic configuration sources, define System property archaius.configurationSource.additionalUrls or make config.properties available on classpath.
2017-11-03 15:58:59.355  WARN 10712 --- [  restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource     : No URLs will be polled as dynamic configuration sources.
2017-11-03 15:58:59.356  INFO 10712 --- [  restartedMain] c.n.c.sources.URLConfigurationSource     : To enable URLs as dynamic configuration sources, define System property archaius.configurationSource.additionalUrls or make config.properties available on classpath.
2017-11-03 15:58:59.529  INFO 10712 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2017-11-03 15:58:59.545  INFO 10712 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Bean with name 'environmentManager' has been autodetected for JMX exposure
2017-11-03 15:58:59.550  INFO 10712 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Bean with name 'configurationPropertiesRebinder' has been autodetected for JMX exposure
2017-11-03 15:58:59.551  INFO 10712 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Bean with name 'refreshScope' has been autodetected for JMX exposure
2017-11-03 15:58:59.556  INFO 10712 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Located managed bean 'environmentManager': registering with JMX server as MBean [org.springframework.cloud.context.environment:name=environmentManager,type=EnvironmentManager]
2017-11-03 15:58:59.580  INFO 10712 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Located managed bean 'refreshScope': registering with JMX server as MBean [org.springframework.cloud.context.scope.refresh:name=refreshScope,type=RefreshScope]
2017-11-03 15:58:59.604  INFO 10712 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Located managed bean 'configurationPropertiesRebinder': registering with JMX server as MBean [org.springframework.cloud.context.properties:name=configurationPropertiesRebinder,context=45f223a5,type=ConfigurationPropertiesRebinder]
2017-11-03 15:59:00.200  INFO 10712 --- [  restartedMain] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
2017-11-03 15:59:00.208  INFO 10712 --- [  restartedMain] com.test.demo.SpringmvcTestApplication   : Started SpringmvcTestApplication in 11.76 seconds (JVM running for 13.164)

View Code

浏览器中输入localhost:8080/user/zh ,相关界面输出如下:

　　总结：通过上述步骤，迅速搭建WEB应用，SPRING BOOT为我们带的的开发效率是质的变化。

　　　　大家可以搜索springboot相关的filter,listener,也是非常方便的，基本不需要XML配置。

Spring Boot 实践1 --创建WEB restful项目，集成jpa

相关推荐