QT Designer + python 编写小程序并打包成exe
编写一个计算税率小程序，QT Designer是设计界面的，使用起来跟用工业中的触摸屏差不多，都是组态的，界面设计如下
有用到的控件要取一个比较有意义的名字，设计完后会生成一个.ui的文件，其代码如下（用Designer编写比直接敲代码方便多了）
</font>
</property>
<property name="text">
<string>税率计算器</string>
</property>
</widget>
<widget class="QTextEdit" name="PriceBox">
<property name="geometry">
<rect>
<x>130</x>
<y>80</y>
<width>101</width>
<height>31</height>
</rect>
</property>
</widget>
<widget class="QLabel" name="label_2">
<property name="geometry">
<rect>
<x>50</x>
<y>80</y>
<width>54</width>
<height>21</height>
</rect>
</property>
<property name="font">
<font>
<family>AcadEref</family>
<pointsize>14</pointsize>
</font>
</property>
<property name="text">
<string>价格</string>
</property>
</widget>
<widget class="QSpinBox" name="TaxBox">
<property name="geometry">
<rect>
<x>130</x>
<y>130</y>
<width>101</width>
<height>31</height>
</rect>
</property>
<property name="value">
<number>20</number>
</property>
</widget>
<widget class="QLabel" name="label_3">
<property name="geometry">
<rect>
<x>50</x>
<y>130</y>
<width>54</width>
<height>21</height>
</rect>
</property>
<property name="font">
<font>
<family>AcadEref</family>
<pointsize>14</pointsize>
</font>
</property>
<property name="text">
<string>税率</string>
</property>
</widget>
<widget class="QPushButton" name="CalcButton">
<property name="geometry">
<rect>
<x>130</x>
<y>170</y>
<width>101</width>
<height>31</height>
</rect>
</property>
<property name="text">
<string>计算</string>
</property>
</widget>
<widget class="QTextEdit" name="ResultWindow">
<property name="geometry">
<rect>
<x>60</x>
<y>210</y>
<width>171</width>
<height>71</height>
</rect>
</property>
</widget>
</widget>
<widget class="QMenuBar" name="menubar">
<property name="geometry">
<rect>
<x>0</x>
<y>0</y>
<width>563</width>
<height>23</height>
</rect>
</property>
</widget>
<widget class="QStatusBar" name="statusbar"/>
</widget>
<resources/>
<connections/>
</ui>.ui文件要转换成.py文件，打开Anaconda Prompt,cd到ui所在文件夹，输入命令“pyuic5 -o 文件名.py 文件名.ui”，便转换好了。转换后代码如下（文件名：CalcTax.py）
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'CalcTax.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class Ui_MainWindow(object):
def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
MainWindow.resize(563, 349)
self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(200, 10, 101, 21))
font = QtGui.QFont()
font.setFamily("AcadEref")
font.setPointSize(14)
self.label.setFont(font)
self.label.setObjectName("label")
self.PriceBox = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.PriceBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 80, 101, 31))
self.PriceBox.setObjectName("PriceBox")
self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 80, 54, 21))
font = QtGui.QFont()
font.setFamily("AcadEref")
font.setPointSize(14)
self.label_2.setFont(font)
self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
self.TaxBox = QtWidgets.QSpinBox(self.centralwidget)
self.TaxBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 130, 101, 31))
self.TaxBox.setProperty("value", 20)
self.TaxBox.setObjectName("TaxBox")
self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
self.label_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 130, 54, 21))
font = QtGui.QFont()
font.setFamily("AcadEref")
font.setPointSize(14)
self.label_3.setFont(font)
self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")
self.CalcButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
self.CalcButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 170, 101, 31))
self.CalcButton.setObjectName("CalcButton")
self.ResultWindow = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
self.ResultWindow.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 210, 171, 71))
self.ResultWindow.setObjectName("ResultWindow")
MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 563, 23))
self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "税率计算器"))
self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "价格"))
self.label_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "税率"))
self.CalcButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "计算"))
然后编写python文件，python代码如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow
from CalcTax import Ui_MainWindow
class MyApp(Ui_MainWindow,QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super(MyApp,self).__init__()
self.setupUi(self)
self.CalcButton.clicked.connect(self.CalcuateTax)
def CalcuateTax(self):
price = int(self.PriceBox.toPlainText())
tax = (self.TaxBox.value())
total_price = price + ((tax/100) * price)
total_price_string = "税费是：" + str(total_price)
self.ResultWindow.setText(total_price_string)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MyApp()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
生成exe文件：安装pyinstaller，用pyinstaller生成exe文件，命令如下
pyinstaller -F -i mylogo.ico 11.py CalcTax.py --noconsole
-F表示只生成一个exe文件，-i表示指定exe图标，mylogo.ico是图片文件，ico格式可在比特虫网站生成，11.py 是主文件，CalcTax.py是被调用的文件。 --noconsole表示不显示控制台。生成的exe在dist文件夹下，要把C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\Library\plugins\platforms整个文件夹拷贝到exe同个文件夹下，不然会报错。