ipv6强制加密_为什么“物联网”强制需要IPv6地址？
ipv6强制加密
As the ‘Internet of Things’ continues to grow and come into its own, just how necessary is it for the ‘Internet of Things’ to have IPv6 addresses? Today’s SuperUser Q&A post has the answers to a curious reader’s questions.
随着“物联网”的不断发展和发展，“物联网”拥有IPv6地址的必要性有多大？ 今天的“超级用户问答”帖子回答了好奇的读者的问题。
Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites.
今天的“问答”环节由SuperUser提供，它是Stack Exchange的一个分支，该社区是由社区驱动的Q＆A网站分组。
Photo courtesy of nerovivo (Flickr).
照片由nerovivo(Flickr)提供 。
问题 (The Question)
SuperUser reader TrudleR wants to know why the ‘Internet of Things’ enforces a need for IPv6 addresses:
超级用户阅读器TrudleR想知道为什么“物联网”强制需要IPv6地址：
If you have multiple devices within a network, the amount of IPv4 addresses will not increase linearly to accommodate the number of devices. There is just one IPv4 address per network/router that is connected to the Internet. How does the ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT) justify the need for IPv6 addresses?
如果网络中有多个设备，则IPv4地址的数量不会线性增加以容纳设备数量。 每个连接到Internet的网络/路由器只有一个IPv4地址。 “物联网”(IoT)如何证明需要IPv6地址？
I definitely think I may be misunderstanding something here, but it does not make sense to me at the moment. I know that IPv6 will be needed in the future, but I do not know which role the ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT) plays in this topic.
我绝对认为我可能在这里误会了一些东西，但目前对我来说这没有意义。 我知道将来会需要IPv6，但我不知道“物联网”(IoT)在此主题中扮演什么角色。
Why does the ‘Internet of Things’ enforce a need for IPv6 addresses?
为什么“物联网”强制需要IPv6地址？
答案 (The Answer)
SuperUser contributor Mokubai has the answer for us:
超级用户贡献者Mokubai为我们提供了答案：
The ‘Internet of Things’ does not absolutely mandate IPv6, but for it to be useful or usable IPv6 is very much preferred.
“物联网”并非绝对要求IPv6，但是非常有用，因为它必须有用或可用。
IPv4, due to the limited number of addresses available, means that not every device can have a public IP. For a cluster of devices to share an Internet connection, they have to share the IP via NAT technologies. If the devices want to host servers, then they have to punch a hole through the device hosting an Internet connection using port forwarding, UPNP, or related technologies. This can get complicated, especially if multiple devices want the same port for their servers. An alternative method is to have a central management server that both the home and remote devices dial into in order to exchange data.
由于可用地址数量有限，IPv4意味着并非每个设备都可以具有公共IP。 为了使一组设备共享Internet连接，它们必须通过NAT技术共享IP。 如果设备要托管服务器，则它们必须使用端口转发，UPNP或相关技术在托管Internet连接的设备上打一个洞。 这会变得很复杂，尤其是当多个设备希望它们的服务器使用相同的端口时。 一种替代方法是拥有一个*管理服务器，家庭和远程设备都可以插入该*管理服务器以交换数据。
IPv6 does away with the need for NAT, port forwarding, and the lot and allows every device to have its own public IP and associated ports. It removes complicated port forwarding rules and methods for punching holes in firewalls. It removes all the network coexistence problems that plague current devices. You can connect to devices without needing to configure firewalls or set up accounts on third party services that allow you to connect to your device.
IPv6消除了对NAT，端口转发和大量设备的需求，并允许每个设备拥有自己的公用IP和关联的端口。 它消除了复杂的端口转发规则和在防火墙上打Kong的方法。 它消除了困扰当前设备的所有网络共存问题。 您可以连接到设备，而无需配置防火墙或在允许您连接到设备的第三方服务上设置帐户。
Quite simply, it allows the Internet to function in the way it used to before we realized we did not have enough addresses to let every machine have its own public IP address.
很简单，它允许Internet以以前的方式运行，直到我们意识到我们没有足够的地址来让每台计算机都有自己的公共IP地址。
To give a slightly more visual idea of how IPv6 and IPv4 allow the ‘Internet of Things’ to work, imagine you have a fully automated home, with every device hosting a server where you can turn it on.
为了更直观地了解IPv6和IPv4如何使“物联网”工作，请设想一下，您拥有一个完全自动化的家庭，每台设备都托管着一个服务器，可以将其打开。
With IPv4, your network is complicated to set up (you will spend ages on your router setting up each individual port forward rule) and the best you get is a list of port numbers you have to write down in a text file:
使用IPv4，您的网络设置起来很复杂(您将花很多时间在路由器上设置每个单独的端口转发规则)，并且获得的最好的结果是必须在文本文件中写下的端口号列表：
- myhomenetwork.com:80 (This is my router.) myhomenetwork.com:80(这是我的路由器。)
- myhomenetwork.com:81 (This is my computer.) myhomenetwork.com:81(这是我的计算机。)
- myhomenetwork.com:82 (This is my coffee machine.) myhomenetwork.com:82(这是我的咖啡机。)
- myhomenetwork.com:83 (Is this my TiVo?) myhomenetwork.com:83(这是我的TiVo吗？)
- myhomenetwork.com:84 (This could be a light bulb, but not sure.) myhomenetwork.com:84(这可能是灯泡，但不确定。)
- myhomenetwork.com:85 (Is this the fish tank heater?) myhomenetwork.com:85(这是鱼缸加热器吗？)
It also means that unless you take the time to set up multiple ports for each device, then they only have one port available and so can probably only present a web page to the Internet. For devices that want to show an HTTP (web) server, FTP, or SSH server, this can get painful and annoying pretty quickly as you will spend time opening up more ports and writing down what port you gave to what device.
这也意味着，除非您花时间为每个设备设置多个端口，否则它们仅具有一个可用端口，因此可能只能将网页呈现给Internet。 对于想要显示HTTP(Web)服务器，FTP或SSH服务器的设备，这可能会很快让您感到痛苦和烦恼，因为您将花费时间打开更多端口并记下为该设备分配的端口。
IPv6, due to having publicly available IP addresses for every device, means your network configuration time drops immediately and you can get a more sensibly named network and each device can easily host whatever services it likes:
IPv6，因为每个设备都有公共可用的IP地址，这意味着您的网络配置时间会立即减少，并且您可以得到一个更合理命名的网络，并且每个设备都可以轻松托管喜欢的任何服务：
- myrouter.myhomenetwork.com myrouter.myhomenetwork.com
- mycomputer.myhomenetwork.com mycomputer.myhomenetwork.com
- mytoaster.myhomenetwork.com:80 (http server, web page showing a push-to-toast button) mytoaster.myhomenetwork.com:80(http服务器，网页上显示了“按下Toast”按钮)
- mytoaster.myhomenetwork.com:21 (ftp server, so you can upload perfect toast settings) mytoaster.myhomenetwork.com:21(FTP服务器，因此您可以上传完美的Toast设置)
- mytoaster.myhomenetwork.com:22 (SSH server, for securely talking to your toaster) mytoaster.myhomenetwork.com:22(SSH服务器，用于安全地与烤面包机通话)
- myfrontroomlightbulb.myhomenetwork.com myfrontroomlightbulb.myhomenetwork.com
And so on. The ‘Internet of Things’ can work on IPv4 and be just fine, but IPv6 can make it work right.
等等。 在“物联网”可以在IPv4的工作，只是罚款，但IPv6的可以使它工作的权利 。
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ipv6强制加密