Linux运维学习-磁盘管理之LVM
LVM：逻辑卷管理器(logical Volume Managerment)
物理卷（PV）：可以是整个硬盘sdb、或者某个分区sdb1、或者RAID
卷组(VG)： 物理卷的集合
逻辑卷(LV)：基于卷组之上创建，文件系统建立在逻辑卷之上
这里就只有物理卷是不可以更改的，卷组和逻辑卷都可以动态改变，如果逻辑卷不够用了，就找卷组，如果卷组不够用了，在向卷子里面添加物理卷，物理卷的最小单位为PE(物理单元)，默认一个是4M。
功能/命令
物理卷管理
卷组管理
逻辑卷管理
扫描
pvscan
vgscan
lvscan
建立
pvcreate
vgcreate
lvcreate
显示
pvdisplay
vgdisplay
lvdisplay
删除
pvremove
vgremove
lvremove
扩展
vgextend
lvextend
缩小
vgreduce
lvreduce
创建物理卷(PV)：
[[email protected] ~]# ls -l /dev/sd* brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 0 Mar 21 03:34 /dev/sda brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 1 Mar 21 03:34 /dev/sda1 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 2 Mar 21 03:34 /dev/sda2 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Mar 21 03:34 /dev/sdb brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 32 Mar 21 03:34 /dev/sdc brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 48 Mar 21 03:34 /dev/sdd brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 64 Mar 21 03:34 /dev/sde brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 80 Mar 21 03:34 /dev/sdf [[email protected] ~]#创建物理卷(PV)： [[email protected] ~]# pvcreate /dev/sd[e-f] Physical volume "/dev/sde" successfully created. Physical volume "/dev/sdf" successfully created. [[email protected] ~]#查看： [[email protected] ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name rhel PV Size 19.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 4863 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 4863 PV UUID 3qUrn1-1Epa-VUpA-XYcY-G8L4-kqIs-z016AL "/dev/sdf" is a new physical volume of "20.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdf VG Name PV Size 20.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID uw0ylA-uSTv-3vVV-kefT-gF86-Q5kN-cddbJm "/dev/sde" is a new physical volume of "20.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sde VG Name PV Size 20.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID XOIGMl-wjfz-uS3q-mVCt-Cf96-nQ6q-Rug6rz [[email protected] ~]#
创建卷组(VG)：物理卷组成卷组
创建卷组，卷组名称为"myvg"，将物理卷"/dev/sde"与"/dev/sdf"加入卷组： [[email protected] ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdf /dev/sde Volume group "myvg" successfully created [[email protected] ~]#[[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name rhel System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 19.00 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 4863 Alloc PE / Size 4863 / 19.00 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID qCWZIy-1Jaq-hDrp-ucrm-7CbF-dQey-n62uXB --- Volume group --- VG Name myvg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 39.99 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 10238 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 10238 / 39.99 GiB VG UUID OVgeEV-DnX7-Hg6U-umf4-K2fb-Ly6g-ZOWovb [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name rhel PV Size 19.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 4863 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 4863 PV UUID 3qUrn1-1Epa-VUpA-XYcY-G8L4-kqIs-z016AL --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdf VG Name myvg PV Size 20.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 5119 Free PE 5119 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID uw0ylA-uSTv-3vVV-kefT-gF86-Q5kN-cddbJm --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sde VG Name myvg PV Size 20.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 5119 Free PE 5119 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID XOIGMl-wjfz-uS3q-mVCt-Cf96-nQ6q-Rug6rz [[email protected] ~]#
创建逻辑卷(LV)：
lvcreate -n mylv myvg -l 20
-n：指定逻辑卷的名称为”mylv”
指定分区大小有2种方式：
-l：指定PE的个数，整数（PE个数）
-L：指定大小（整数+单位），当大小不是PE的整数倍时，自动向上扩展
使用卷组"myvg"，创建逻辑分区"mylv01"，分配20个PE： [[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -n mylv01 myvg -l 20 Logical volume "mylv01" created. [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# lsblk /dev/myvg/mylv01 NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT myvg-mylv01 253:2 0 80M 0 lvm [[email protected] ~]#创建文件系统，挂载使用： [[email protected] ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/myvg/mylv01 meta-data=/dev/myvg/mylv01 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=5120 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=20480, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1 log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=855, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# mkdir /backup1 [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv01 /backup1/ [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# df -hT /dev/myvg/mylv01 Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv01 xfs 77M 4.2M 73M 6% /backup1 [[email protected] ~]#
扩展逻辑卷(LV)：
[[email protected] ~]# lsblk /dev/myvg/mylv01 NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT myvg-mylv01 253:2 0 80M 0 lvm /backup1 [[email protected] ~]#扩容到200M： [[email protected] ~]# lvextend /dev/myvg/mylv01 -L 200M Size of logical volume myvg/mylv01 changed from 80.00 MiB (20 extents) to 200.00 MiB (50 extents). Logical volume myvg/mylv01 successfully resized. [[email protected] ~]#重置大小： [[email protected] ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/myvg/mylv01 meta-data=/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv01 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=5120 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=20480, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=855, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 data blocks changed from 20480 to 51200 [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# df -hT /dev/myvg/mylv01 Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv01 xfs 197M 4.4M 193M 3% /backup1 [[email protected] ~]#