Spring Security 学习之HTTP表单验证
早已久仰Spring Security大名,一直没机会实践,最近计划对其进行系统学习并通过bolg将心得记录与博友们分享!
准备工作:
1. Spring Security 源码和Samples可以从以下链接下载:
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-security/tree/master/samples
2. 从Spring官网下载STS
3. 学习时使用的版本 -- Spring : 4.0.0.RELEASE,Spring Security : 3.2.0.RELEASE
历史:
前身为“The Acegi Security System for Spring”,始于2006年,项目得到广大认可和适用后更名为Spring Security纳入Spring的项目之一。
适用场景:
JAVA应用安全管理中的认证和授权,特别是使用Spring框架开发的JAVA应用。
基本原理:
Spring的DI和AOP -- Spring Security大量使用AOP以避免对业务逻辑的干涉,并与Spring核心框架深度集成。
javax.servlet.FilterChain -- 目前Spring Security主要用于web应用,在web应用中通过Filter拦截HTTP请求进行安检。
HTTP表单认证:
Spring Security 内置HTTP表单认证支持,使用Security名字空间可以非常简单让Web应用支持HTTP表单认证,基本使用步骤如下:
1. web.xml配置
首先我们需要在web描述符中配置一个Filter名为springSecurityFilterChain供Spring框架使用,这个名称不能自己随便更改,否则Spring框架会找不到。
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< filter >
< filter-name >springSecurityFilterChain</ filter-name >
< filter-class >org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</ filter-class >
</ filter >
< filter-mapping >
< filter-name >springSecurityFilterChain</ filter-name >
< url-pattern >/*</ url-pattern >
</ filter-mapping >
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2. Spring bean配置
Spring Security bean配置分两部分,分别是资源访问权限配置和用户定义,部分标签解说:
http标签 :用于创建FilterChainProxy和它将使用的bean。
auto-config="true" :表示以下配置
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< http >
< form-login />
< http-basic />
< logout />
</ http >
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intercept-url :定义被保护资源的访问权限
pattern :指定被保护的资源,可以使用正则表达式
access :访问权限定义,有多种方式,示例中使用角色,角色必须以ROLE_前缀开始。
user :定义用户名密码和拥有的角色,密码可以使用MD5加密。
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:security = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.2.xsd">
< security:http auto-config = "true" >
< security:intercept-url pattern = "/hello"
access = "ROLE_ADMIN" />
< security:intercept-url pattern = "/**" access = "ROLE_USER" />
</ security:http >
< security:authentication-manager >
< security:authentication-provider >
< security:user-service >
< security:user authorities = "ROLE_USER" name = "stevex"
password = "stevex" />
< security:user authorities = "ROLE_USER, ROLE_ADMIN"
name = "admin" password = "admin" />
</ security:user-service >
</ security:authentication-provider >
</ security:authentication-manager >
</ beans >
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实践:
有很多安全相关的专业概念,需要自己慢慢认识,我们先创建一个实例,感性认识一下,步骤如下:
1. New-->Spring Project-->选择"Spring MVC Project"模板--Finish
2. 修改pom.xml,将Spring的版本更改为4.0.0.Release,增加Spring Security的依赖
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< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.security</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-security-core</ artifactId >
< version >3.2.0.RELEASE</ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.security</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-security-config</ artifactId >
< version >3.2.0.RELEASE</ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.security</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-security-web</ artifactId >
< version >3.2.0.RELEASE</ version >
</ dependency >
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3. 修改web.xml,增加springSecurityFilterChain
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< context-param >
< param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name >
< param-value >/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml /WEB-INF/spring/app-security.xml</ param-value >
</ context-param >
<!-- Creates the Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->
< listener >
< listener-class >org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</ listener-class >
</ listener >
< filter >
< filter-name >springSecurityFilterChain</ filter-name >
< filter-class >
org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy
</ filter-class >
</ filter >
< filter-mapping >
< filter-name >springSecurityFilterChain</ filter-name >
< url-pattern >/*</ url-pattern >
</ filter-mapping >
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4. 增加app-security.xml
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:security = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.2.xsd">
< security:http auto-config = "true" >
< security:intercept-url pattern = "/hello"
access = "ROLE_ADMIN" />
< security:intercept-url pattern = "/**" access = "ROLE_USER" />
</ security:http >
< security:authentication-manager >
< security:authentication-provider >
< security:user-service >
< security:user authorities = "ROLE_USER" name = "stevex"
password = "stevex" />
< security:user authorities = "ROLE_USER, ROLE_ADMIN"
name = "admin" password = "admin" />
</ security:user-service >
</ security:authentication-provider >
</ security:authentication-manager >
</ beans >
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5. 修改HomeController.java,增加hello函数
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/** * Handles requests for the application home page.
*/
@Controller public class HomeController {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HomeController. class );
/**
* Simply selects the home view to render by returning its name.
*/
@RequestMapping (value = "/" , method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String home(Locale locale, Model model) {
logger.info( "Welcome home! The client locale is {}." , locale);
Date date = new Date();
DateFormat dateFormat = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.LONG, DateFormat.LONG, locale);
String formattedDate = dateFormat.format(date);
model.addAttribute( "serverTime" , formattedDate );
return "home" ;
}
//produces="text/plain" 必须有,否则会有乱码
@RequestMapping (value = "/hello" , method = RequestMethod.GET, produces= "text/plain" )
@ResponseBody
public String hello(){
logger.info( "request coming!" );
return "Hello Stevex, you are so hard!" ;
}
} |
6. 运行应用进行测试
大功告成!
附件:http://down.51cto.com/data/2364050
本文转自sarchitect 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/stevex/1357939,如需转载请自行联系原作者