centos7 上安装oracle12

软件环境:
centos7 带图形化界面(安装过程要用到!)
swap分区至少要在4GB以上,如果没有,做实验的时候会报警告,忽略即可

1.root身份安装依赖包
[[email protected] test]# yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc+±33 compat-libstdc+±33i686 compat-libstdc+±33.devel compat-libstdc+±33 compat-libstdc+±33*.devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.devel libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc+±devel libstdc+±devel.devel libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686
2. 建立用户和组
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
echo “123456” | passwd --stdin oracle #这里设置oracle用户的登录密码,一定要用echo否则不能使用简单密码
3.创建安装目录
mkdir -p /orcl/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /orcl/app
chmod -R 775 /orcl/app
4.修改内核参数vim /etc/sysctl.conf,添加
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 1200000000
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

5.生效修改后的内核参数
[r[email protected] ~]# sysctl -p
6.改文件限制:vim /etc/security/limits.conf,添加
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
7.修改linux登录验证vim /etc/pam.d/login,添加
session required pam_limits.so
8.修改ulimit:vim /etc/profile,添加
if [ $USER = “oracle” ]; then
if [ $SHELL = “/bin/ksh” ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536a
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
9.修改环境变量。vim ~oracle/.bash_profile,添加

ORACLE_BASE=/orcl/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1
ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID  
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export PATH

10.用

yum -y remove *openjdk*

把系统自带的openjdk卸载,再安装oracle的jdk下载地址:
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

[[email protected] ~]# cd /test/
[[email protected] test]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jdk
[[email protected] test]# chmod 755 -R /usr/local/jdk/
[[email protected] test]# tar xf jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/jdk/
[[email protected] test]# vim /etc/profile

在末尾添加

 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_181
 export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
 export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
 export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH

[[email protected] jdk1.8.0_181]# source /etc/profile
[[email protected] test]# java -version
java version “1.8.0_181”
Java™ SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_181-b13)
Java HotSpot™ 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.181-b13, mixed mode)

11.以oracle用户登录,开始安装
cd /test/oracle
unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
mv database/ /orcl/app/oracle/
cd /orcl/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall database/

su oracle
export LANG=“en_US”

cd /orcl/app/oracle/database
./runInstaller

centos7 上安装oracle12
centos7 上安装oracle12
centos7 上安装oracle12
centos7 上安装oracle12

centos7 上安装oracle12
centos7 上安装oracle12

[[email protected] ~]# sh /tmp/CVU_12.2.0.1.0_oracle/runfixup.sh
All Fix-up operations were completed successfully.#修复操作已完成
centos7 上安装oracle12
centos7 上安装oracle12
[[email protected] ~]# sh /orcl/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
[[email protected] ~]# sh /orcl/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh
Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /orcl/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin …
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin …
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin …

Creating /etc/oratab file…
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Do you want to setup Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) now ? yes|[no] :
yes
Installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA).
Log File: /orcl/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/install/root_oracle_2018-11-13_16-07-06-020066984.log

centos7 上安装oracle12

启动

1.#su - oracle 切换到 oracle 用户且切换到它的环境
2.$lsnrctl start 启动监听
3.$lsnrctl status 查看监听及数据库状态
4.$sqlplus / as sysdba 以 DBA 身份进入 sqlplus
5.SQL>startup 启动 db

 停止
1.#su - oracle 切换到 oracle 用户且切换到它的环境
2.$lsnrctl stop 停止监听
3.$sqlplus / as sysdba 以 DBA 身份进入 sqlplus
4.SQL>shutdown immediate  关闭 db