引言: 在Spring Boot下默认提供了若干种可用的连接池,Druid来自于阿里系的一个开源连接池,在连接池之外,还提供了非常优秀的监控功能,这里讲解如何与Spring Boot实现集成。
1. 环境描述
Spring Boot 1.4.0.RELEASE, JDK 1.8
2. Druid介绍
Druid是一个JDBC组件,它包括三部分:
- DruidDriver 代理Driver,能够提供基于Filter-Chain模式的插件体系。
- DruidDataSource 高效可管理的数据库连接池。
- SQLParser
Druid可以做什么?
- 可以监控数据库访问性能,Druid内置提供了一个功能强大的StatFilter插件,能够详细统计SQL的执行性能,这对于线上分析数据库访问性能有帮助。
- 替换DBCP和C3P0。Druid提供了一个高效、功能强大、可扩展性好的数据库连接池。
- 数据库密码加密。直接把数据库密码写在配置文件中,这是不好的行为,容易导致安全问题。DruidDruiver和DruidDataSource都支持PasswordCallback。
- SQL执行日志,Druid提供了不同的LogFilter,能够支持Common-Logging、Log4j和JdkLog,你可以按需要选择相应的LogFilter,监控你应用的数据库访问情况。
- 扩展JDBC,如果你要对JDBC层有编程的需求,可以通过Druid提供的Filter-Chain机制,很方便编写JDBC层的扩展插件。
项目地址: https://github.com/alibaba/druid
3. Spring Boot与Druid的集成
MySQL Driver驱动包:
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<dependency>
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<groupId>mysql</groupId>
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<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
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<scope>runtime</scope>
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</dependency>
Spring Boot的JPA依赖包:
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
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</dependency>
阿里系的Druid依赖包:
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<dependency>
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<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
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<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
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<version>1.0.25</version>
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</dependency>
Spring Boot中的application.properties配置信息:
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# 驱动配置信息
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spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
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spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mealsystem?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
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spring.datasource.username = root
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spring.datasource.password = 123456
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spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
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#连接池的配置信息
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spring.datasource.initialSize=5
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spring.datasource.minIdle=5
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spring.datasource.maxActive=20
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spring.datasource.maxWait=60000
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spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
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spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
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spring.datasource.validationQuery=SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
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spring.datasource.testWhileIdle=true
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spring.datasource.testOnBorrow=false
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spring.datasource.testOnReturn=false
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spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements=true
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spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize=20
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spring.datasource.filters=stat,wall,log4j
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spring.datasource.connectionProperties=druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=5000
在Spring Boot1.4.0中驱动配置信息没有问题,但是连接池的配置信息不再支持这里的配置项,即无法通过配置项直接支持相应的连接池;这里列出的这些配置项可以通过定制化DataSource来实现。
目前Spring Boot中默认支持的连接池有dbcp,dbcp2, tomcat, hikari三种连接池。
由于Druid暂时不在Spring Bootz中的直接支持,故需要进行配置信息的定制:
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@Configuration
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public class DruidDBConfig {
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private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DruidDBConfig.class);
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@Value("${spring.datasource.url}")
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private String dbUrl;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.username}")
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private String username;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.password}")
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private String password;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.driverClassName}")
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private String driverClassName;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.initialSize}")
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private int initialSize;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.minIdle}")
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private int minIdle;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.maxActive}")
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private int maxActive;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.maxWait}")
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private int maxWait;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}")
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private int timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}")
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private int minEvictableIdleTimeMillis;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.validationQuery}")
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private String validationQuery;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.testWhileIdle}")
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private boolean testWhileIdle;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.testOnBorrow}")
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private boolean testOnBorrow;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.testOnReturn}")
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private boolean testOnReturn;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements}")
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private boolean poolPreparedStatements;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize}")
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private int maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize;
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@Value("${spring.datasource.filters}")
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private String filters;
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@Value("{spring.datasource.connectionProperties}")
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private String connectionProperties;
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@Bean //声明其为Bean实例
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@Primary //在同样的DataSource中,首先使用被标注的DataSource
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public DataSource dataSource(){
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DruidDataSource datasource = new DruidDataSource();
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datasource.setUrl(this.dbUrl);
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datasource.setUsername(username);
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datasource.setPassword(password);
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datasource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName);
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//configuration
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datasource.setInitialSize(initialSize);
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datasource.setMinIdle(minIdle);
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datasource.setMaxActive(maxActive);
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datasource.setMaxWait(maxWait);
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datasource.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis);
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datasource.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(minEvictableIdleTimeMillis);
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datasource.setValidationQuery(validationQuery);
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datasource.setTestWhileIdle(testWhileIdle);
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datasource.setTestOnBorrow(testOnBorrow);
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datasource.setTestOnReturn(testOnReturn);
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datasource.setPoolPreparedStatements(poolPreparedStatements);
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datasource.setMaxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize(maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize);
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try {
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datasource.setFilters(filters);
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} catch (SQLException e) {
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logger.error("druid configuration initialization filter", e);
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}
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datasource.setConnectionProperties(connectionProperties);
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return datasource;
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}
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}
DruidDBConfig类被@Configuration标注,用作配置信息; DataSource对象被@Bean声明,为Spring容器所管理, @Primary表示这里定义的DataSource将覆盖其他来源的DataSource。
# 下面为连接池的补充设置,应用到上面所有数据源中
# 初始化大小,最小,最大
spring.datasource.initialSize=5
spring.datasource.minIdle=5
spring.datasource.maxActive=20
# 配置获取连接等待超时的时间
spring.datasource.maxWait=60000
# 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒
spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
# 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒
spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
spring.datasource.validationQuery=SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
spring.datasource.testWhileIdle=true
spring.datasource.testOnBorrow=false
spring.datasource.testOnReturn=false
# 打开PSCache,并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小
spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements=true
spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize=20
# 配置监控统计拦截的filters,去掉后监控界面sql无法统计,'wall'用于防火墙
spring.datasource.filters=stat,wall,log4j
# 通过connectProperties属性来打开mergeSql功能;慢SQL记录
spring.datasource.connectionProperties=druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=5000
# 合并多个DruidDataSource的监控数据
#spring.datasource.useGlobalDataSourceStat=true
需要注意的是:spring.datasource.type旧的spring boot版本是不能识别的。
配置StatView的Servlet:
Filter的实现类:
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import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
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import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam;
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import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;
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@WebFilter(filterName="druidWebStatFilter",urlPatterns="/*",
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initParams={
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@WebInitParam(name="exclusions",value="*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.bmp,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*")//忽略资源
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}
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)
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public class DruidStatFilter extends WebStatFilter {
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}
StatViewServlet:
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import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam;
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import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
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import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet;
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@WebServlet(urlPatterns="/druid/*",
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initParams={
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@WebInitParam(name="allow",value="127.0.0.1,192.168.163.1"),// IP白名单(没有配置或者为空,则允许所有访问)
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@WebInitParam(name="deny",value="192.168.1.73"),// IP黑名单 (存在共同时,deny优先于allow)
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@WebInitParam(name="loginUsername",value="admin"),// 用户名
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@WebInitParam(name="loginPassword",value="123456"),// 密码
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@WebInitParam(name="resetEnable",value="false")// 禁用HTML页面上的“Reset All”功能
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})
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public class DruidStatViewServlet extends StatViewServlet {
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private static final long serialVersionUID = -2688872071445249539L;
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}
这两个类相当于在web.xml中声明了一个servlet, 等价于如下的配置信息(web.xml):
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<servlet>
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<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
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<servlet-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet</servlet-class>
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</servlet>
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<servlet-mapping>
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<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
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<url-pattern>/druid/*</url-pattern>
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</servlet-mapping>
filter的配置信息:
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<filter>
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<filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>
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<filter-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter</filter-class>
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<init-param>
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<param-name>exclusions</param-name>
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<param-value>*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*</param-value>
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</init-param>
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</filter>
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<filter-mapping>
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<filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>
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<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
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</filter-mapping>
然后相应的配置工作就完成了,直接启动即可看到相应的应用了。
4. 运行界面以及介绍
访问地址: http://192.168.163.1:8080/druid/index.html


5. 参考资料
- http://blog.****.net/xiaoyu411502/article/details/51392237
- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/32833641/not-able-to-set-spring-datasource-type