SpringCloud:搭建Eureka服务注册与发现图文详解(一)
一、Eureka简介
刚学SpringCloud的时候踩过太多的坑,这篇博客是一个一个坑走过来的。
Eureka的基本框架主要包括3个角色,以我个人通俗理解:
(1)Eureka server(服务注册中心):相当于中介平台,一边为卖方提供服务,一边为买方提供消费服务,买卖双方都要到这个平台注册。
(2)Provide service(服务提供者(卖方)):向Eureka server提供自己的服务。
(3)Consumer service(服务消费者(买方)):在Eureka server找到自己所需的服务。
二、Eureka搭建
1. 使用idea2017,maven项目创建项目,File—>>new->Project
新建maven项目,基本不用配置什么,最后Finish
2. 新建完项目,首先配置pom.xml文件,可以把我的pom.xml直接复制。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<jdk.version>1.8</jdk.version>
<maven-compiler-plugin.version>3.1</maven-compiler-plugin.version>
<maven-resources-plugin.version>2.6</maven-resources-plugin.version>
<org.mybatis.generator.version>1.3.2</org.mybatis.generator.version>
<mybatis.version>3.1.1</mybatis.version>
<mybatis-spring.version>1.2.0</mybatis-spring.version>
<dubbo.version>2.4.9</dubbo.version>
<zookeeper.version>3.4.5</zookeeper.version>
<zkclient.version>0.1</zkclient.version>
<com.alibaba.druid.version>0.2.6</com.alibaba.druid.version>
<commons.version>3.2.1</commons.version>
</properties>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.4.3.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
<version>${commons.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>${jdk.version}</source>
<target>${jdk.version}</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3. 首先创建第一个Module,服务注册中心(Eureka server),在springcloud项目上New----》Module,一样是创建Maven项目,然后下一步。
为这个Module命名为spring-eureka-server
然后赋予Module name同样的名字
然后一样先配置这个Module的pom.xml文件,如下:
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>spring-cloud</artifactId>
<groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>spring-eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR3</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
然后在resources文件夹下创建application.properties,如下:
server.port: 端口号,自己设置
spring.application.name=spring-eureka-server
server.port=9001
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:9001/eureka
然后在java包下创建包eureka.serverEurekaServerApplication.java,注意:不能再java下直接创建启动类,不然会报错,代码如下:
@EnableEurekaServer:表示这个是服务注册中心
@SpringBootApplication:表示这个为启动类
package eureka.server;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args){
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class,args);
}
}
Euerka-server项目架构
先启动这个服务注册中心,运行main主函数,然后到浏览器输入localhost:9001/eureka,测试是否成功,如下页面为成功。
4. 创建第二个Module,spring-eureka-provide(服务提供者),和创建第一个模块一样,只能命名不同,一样先配置pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>spring-cloud</artifactId>
<groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>spring-eureka-provide</artifactId>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 服务提供 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR3</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
在resources下创建application.properties
spring.application.name=spring-eureka-provide
server.port=7001
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:9001/eureka
eureka.instance.instance-id=provide7001
eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true
然后同样java包下新建eureka,provide包下创建启动类EurekaServerApplication.java
*注意:这个注解和Eureka server注解不一样
@EnableEurekaClient:表示这个是服务
package eureka.provide;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaProvideApplication {
public static void main(String[] args){
SpringApplication.run(EurekaProvideApplication.class,args);
}
}
再然后新建controller包下创建TestController.java,测试服务。
package eureka.provide.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class TestController {
@GetMapping("/test")
public String test(){
return "提供服务provide";
}
}
启动主函数,看服务是否注册到服务注册中心。
刷新页面,服务已经注册了再测试一下,网站输入localhost:7001/test,这个是服务提供者的端口7001
好了,已经成功一大半了,最后创建最后一个Module,spring-eureka-consume(服务消费者),创建方法上面两个Module一样,先配置pom.xml文件
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>spring-cloud</artifactId>
<groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>spring-eureka-consume</artifactId>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 服务提供 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 负载均衡 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 提供web服务 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR3</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
application.properties
spring.application.name=spring-eureka-consume
server.port=8001
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:9001/eureka/
主函数启动类EuerkaConsumeApplication.java
注解和服务提供者(provide)一样
package eureka.consume;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaConsumeApplication {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
RestTemplate restTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
public static void main(String[] args){
SpringApplication.run(EurekaConsumeApplication.class,args);
}
}
然后新建TestController.java调用服务提供者的服务
package eureka.consume.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Controller
@Configuration
public class TestController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("/test")
@ResponseBody
public String test(){
return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://spring-eureka-provide/test/",String.class).getBody();
}
}
然后启动服务,刷新页面,看服务是否注册。
服务已经成功注册到注册中心,测试调用服务提供者的TestController服务,输入localhost:8001/test
服务消费者成功调用服务提供者
Eureka服务注册与发现完成!!!
总结
路是一步步走出来的,下面博客带来,Eureka集群,负载均衡等配置详解,谢谢大家支持,有不足之处望各位指出。