论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

Project

摘要 —— 主要是将CNN和概率图模型结合,来处理像素级分类问题,即语义图像分割. 由于CNN具有不变性,适合于 high-level 任务,如图像分类. 但CNN网络最后一层的输出不足以精确物体分割. 这里结合CNN最后输出层的特征与全连接CRF相结合,提升语义分割效果.

语义分割的目标——Goal:

将图像分割为不同的语义部分,并对不同部分进行分类.
论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

主要是两部分:
论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

    1. 采用CNN来初步得到图像分割结果
      • hole algorithm (atrous algorithm),应对subsampling问题.
      • train 阶段 - loss function 采用 CNN输出特征图的各像素空间位置的 sum of cross-entropy term (SoftmaxWithLoss). 原始图片的尺寸是CNN输出特征图的 8 倍, ground truth labels 也降采样到与CNN输出尺寸一致.
      • test 阶段 - 将CNN输出转换到原始图像分辨率. CNN输出图具有很好的平滑性,故采用 bilinear interpolation 来增加其分辨率(factor=8).
    1. 采用CRF将CNN分割结果精细化
      • spatial invariance
        论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs
        论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

1. CNN

论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs
论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

2. CRF

论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs
论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs
论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

3. Results

论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs
论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

好的分割结果:
论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

差的分割结果:
论文阅读理解 - Semantic Image Segmentation With Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

4. Conclusion

  • Modify the CNN architecture to become less spatially invariant.
  • Use the CNN to compute a rough score map.
  • Use a fully connected CRF to sharpen the score map.

5. Reference

[1] - Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs

[2] - Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets and Fully Connected CRFs - slides

[3] - 深度学习轻松学-核心算法与视觉实践 - 第九章-应用:图像的语意分割