Linux下Mysql源码安装及使用
Mysql的源码安装过程:
假设已经有mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz以及cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz两个源文件
(1)先安装cmake(mysql5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的)
(2)创建mysql的安装目录及数据库存放目录
(3)创建mysql用户及用户组
(4)安装mysql
参数说明:
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //安装目录
-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data //数据库存放目录
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 //使用utf8字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all //安装所有扩展字符集
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 //允许从本地导入数据
注意事项:
重新编译时,需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息。
# make clean
# rm -f CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
出现以下错误提示:
-- Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:82 (MESSAGE):
Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package,
remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
cmake/readline.cmake:126 (FIND_CURSES)
cmake/readline.cmake:216 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)
CMakeLists.txt:250 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
解决方法:
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.11]# rm CMakeCache.txt
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.11]# yum install ncurses-devel
Warning: Bison executable not found in PATH
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /software/mysql-5.5.11
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.11]# yum install bison
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.11]# make && make install
2.配置
(1)设置目录权限
(2)
(3)创建系统数据库的表
(4)设置环境变量
(5)手动启动mysql
(6)另一种简单的启动mysql的方法(mysql已经被添加到系统服务中)
如果上述命令出现:mysql.server 未识别的服务
则可能mysql还没添加到系统服务中,下面用另一种方法添加:
注意:主要是将mysql.server拷贝到/etc/init.d中,命名为mysql。在有的系统中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server中,而本系统中,mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server中。
然后再用#service mysql start 来启动mysql即可。
(7)修改MySQL的root用户的密码以及打开远程连接
常用的数据库操作:
命令 |
解释 |
mysql -h localhost -u 用户名 –p密码 |
连接数据库 |
use TestDB; |
制定TestDB数据库为当前默认数据库 |
show databases; |
显示数据库列表 |
show tables; |
显示数据库中的表 |
drop table customers; |
删除表customers |
desc customers; |
显示customers表的结构 |
commit; |
让操作及时生效; |
select * from customers; |
查询customers中的记录 |
delete from customers; |
删除表中的记录 |
grant select, insert, update, delete on *.* to [email protected] indentified by "123456"; |
授予hjh用户访问数据库的权限 |
select version(),current_date; |
显示当前mysql版本和当前日期 |