源代码搭建LNMP

源代码搭建LNMP

开发环境：

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.4

# yum grouplist |less

确保以下包已被安装：

Development Libraries 开发库

Development Tools 开发工具

Legacy Software Development 老的软件开发

X Software Development X软件开发

GNOME Software Devleopment GNOME软件开发

KDE Software Development KDE软件开发

需要安装的源码包：

pcre-8.12.tar.gz

libevent-2.0.16-stable.tar.gz

nginx-1.0.11.tar.gz

php-5.4.0.tar.gz

mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz

cmake-2.8.7.tar.gz

步骤：

解压：

[[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz -C /usr/src

[[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.16-stable.tar.gz -C /usr/src

[[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.0.11.tar.gz -C /usr/src

[[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf php-5.4.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src

[[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz -C /usr/src

[[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.7.tar.gz -C /usr/src

安装pcre：

PCRE是perl所用到的正则表达式，目的是让所装的软件支持正则表达式。默认情况下，Nginx只处理静态的网页请求，也就是html.如果是来自动态的网页请求，比如*.php，那么Nginx就要根据正则表达式查询路径，然后把*.PHP交给PHP去处理

# 查询系统中有没有安装PCRE，一般装系统是默认装有，所以我们要删掉系统自带的

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa |grep pcre

pcre-6.6-2.el5_1.7

# 在删除系统自带的PCRE之前，要先备份一下libpcre.so.0这个文件，因为RPM包的关联性太强，在删除后没libpcre.so.0这个文件时我们装PCRE是装不上的

[[email protected] ~]# cp /lib/libpcre.so.0 /

[[email protected] Server]# rpm -e --nodeps pcre //删除系统自带的PCRE

[[email protected] /]# cp /libpcre.so.0 /lib/ //把我们删除系统自带的PCRE之前备份的libpcre.so.0拷贝到/lib 目录下

[[email protected] lib]# mv libpcre.so.0 libpcre.so.0.0.1

[[email protected] lib]# ln -s libpcre.so.0.0.1 libpcre.so.0

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/src

[[email protected] src]# cd pcre-8.12

[[email protected] pcre-8.12]# ./configure //配置PCRE，因为PCRE是一个库，而不是像pache、php、postfix等这样的程序，所以我们安装时选择默认路径即可，这样会在后面安装其它东西时避免一些不必要的麻烦

[[email protected] pcre-8.12]# make //编译

[[email protected] pcre-8.12]# make install //安装

安装libevent：

[[email protected] src]# cd /usr/src/libevent-2.0.16-stable

[[email protected] libevent-2.0.16-stable]# ./configure

[[email protected] libevent-2.0.16-stable]# make

[[email protected] libevent-2.0.16-stable]# make install

[[email protected] src]# cd /usr/local

将库文件连接到系统默认的位置：

[[email protected] local]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libevent.conf

/usr/local/lib

测试是否成功导入

[[email protected] local]# ldconfig -v |grep libevent

libevent_core-2.0.so.5 -> libevent_core.so

libevent_pthreads-2.0.so.5 -> libevent_pthreads.so

libevent-2.0.so.5 -> libevent.so

libevent_extra-2.0.so.5 -> libevent_extra.so

libevent_openssl-2.0.so.5 -> libevent_openssl.so

libevent-1.1a.so.1 -> libevent-1.1a.so.1.0.2

[[email protected] local]# ldconfig -v |grep pcre

libpcreposix.so.0 -> libpcreposix.so.0.0.0

libpcrecpp.so.0 -> libpcrecpp.so.0.0.0

libpcre.so.0 -> libpcre.so.0.0.1

安装nginx：

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.0.11/

[[email protected] nginx-1.0.11]# groupadd -r nginx

[[email protected] nginx-1.0.11]# useradd -r -g nginx -s /bin/false -M nginx //-r系统用户 -M不创建家目录

[[email protected] nginx-1.0.11]# ./configure \

> --prefix=/usr \ 安装起始位置

> --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \ 服务命令位置

> --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ 配置文件位置

> --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \ 错误日志存放位置

> --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ 访问日志

> --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \ pid路径

> --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \ 锁文件存放位置

> --user=nginx \ 指定服务以nginx用户运行

> --group=nginx \ 指定服务以nginx组运行

> --with-http_ssl_module \ 起用ssl模块

> --with-http_flv_module \ 起用流模块

> --with-http_stub_status_module \

> --with-http_gzip_static_module \ 压缩模块，方便网络传输

> --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \

> --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy \

> --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \

> --with-pcre

[[email protected] nginx-1.0.11]# make

[[email protected] nginx-1.0.11]# make install

[[email protected] nginx-1.0.11]# mkdir -pv /var/tmp/nginx/client/

mkdir: 已创建目录 “/var/tmp/nginx”

mkdir: 已创建目录 “/var/tmp/nginx/client”

[[email protected] nginx-1.0.11]# nginx

[[email protected] nginx-1.0.11]# netstat -tupln |grep nginx

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 20322/nginx: master

在启动完NGINX后，我们可以在浏览器中输入http://localhost查看，如下图：

安装mysql：

mysql5.5已经改用cmake编译，编译前安装cmake

安装cmake：

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/src

[[email protected] src]# cd cmake-2.8.7/

[[email protected] cmake-2.8.7]# ./configure

[[email protected] cmake-2.8.7]# gmake

[[email protected] cmake-2.8.7]# gmake install

安装mysql：

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/src

[[email protected] src]# cd mysql-5.5.22/

[[email protected] mysql-5.5.22]# groupadd mysql

[[email protected] mysql-5.5.22]# useradd -r -M -g mysql mysql

[[email protected] mysql-5.5.22]# cmake \

>-DDCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/=/usr/local/mysql \ 安装路径

>-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \ 连接数据库socket的路径

>-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ 默认字符

>-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ 矫正字符集

>-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ 额外字符集

>-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ 储存引擎

>-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

>-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

>-DWITH_READLINE=1 \ 使用readline library

>-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ 允许访问本地数据

>-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \ 数据库路径

>-MYSQL_USER=mysql \ 用户

>-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 mysql端口

[[email protected] mysql-5.5.22]# make

[[email protected] mysql-5.5.22]# make install

[[email protected] local]# chmod +w /usr/local/mysql

[[email protected] local]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

[[email protected] local]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18

[[email protected] local]# mkdir -p /var/mysql

[[email protected] local]# mkdir -p /var/mysql/data/

[[email protected] local]# mkdir -p /var/mysql/log/

[[email protected] local]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/mysql/

[[email protected] local]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files

[[email protected] support-files]# cp my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf 把mysql配置文件拷过来

mysql 初始化安装:

[[email protected] support-files]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db \

> --defaults-file=/etc /my.cnf \

> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \

> --datadir=/var/mysql/data \

> --user=mysql

将 mysql 加入开机启动：

[[email protected] support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 设置启动配置文件

[[email protected] support-files]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] support-files]# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld 将服务加入chkconfig控制之列

[[email protected] support-files]# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on

[[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --list |grep mysql

mysqld 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭

此后可以用 service mysqld 来管理mysqld服务

[[email protected] support-files]# service mysqld start 启动 mysql

Starting MySQL.... [确定]

[[email protected] support-files]# netstat -tupln |grep mysqld

tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 7636/mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# vim /etc/profile 修改系统搜索变量，定义搜索路径

[[email protected] mysql]# . /etc/profile 重新读取

[[email protected] mysql]# echo $PATH

/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin

mysql的操作：

[[email protected] mysql]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.0.77 Source distribution

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> show datebase;

ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'datebase' at line 1

mysql> use test;

Database changed

mysql> show tables;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> \q

Bye

安装php：

如果想让编译的php支持mcryp，此处还需要下载两个rpm包并安装之：

php-mcrypt-5.1.6-5.el5.i386.rpm

libmcrypt-2.5.7-5.el5.i386.rpm php-mcrypt 依赖的模块

[[email protected] ~]# yum localinstall php-mcrypt-5.1.6-5.el5.i386.rpm libmcrypt-2.5.7-5.el5.i386.rpm –nogpgcheck

--nogpgcheck 取消gpg签名验证

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/src

[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# cd php-5.4.0/

[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# ./configure \

>--prefix=/usr/local/php \

> --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \

> --with-openssl \

> --enable-fpm \

> --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \

> --enable-mbstring \

> --with-freetype-dir \

> --with-jpeg-dir \

> --with-png-dir \

> --with-zlib-dir \

> --with-libxml-dir=/usr \

> --enable-xml \

> --with-config-file-path=/etc/php \

> --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php \

> --with-bz2 --with-curl

[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# make

[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# make test

[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# make install

为php提供配置文件：

[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本，并将其添加至服务列表：
[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# chkconfig --add php-fpm

[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# chkconfig php-fpm on

为php-fpm提供配置文件：
[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

编辑php-fpm的配置文件：
[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
配置pm.的相关选项为你所需要的值，并启用pid文件：
201行 pm.max_children = 50
206行 pm.start_servers = 5
211行 pm.min_spare_servers = 2
216行 pm.max_spare_servers = 8
25行 pid = /var/run/php-fpm.pid

接下来就可以启动php-fpm了：
[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

用如下命令来验正（如果此命令输出有中几个php-fpm进程就说明启动成功了）：

[[email protected] php-5.4.0]# ps aux | grep php-fpm

root 20533 0.0 0.5 34364 2684 ? Ss 19:46 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf)

nobody 20534 0.0 0.4 34364 2308 ? S 19:46 0:00 php-fpm: pool www

nobody 20535 0.0 0.4 34364 2308 ? S 19:46 0:00 php-fpm: pool www

nobody 20536 0.0 0.4 34364 2308 ? S 19:46 0:00 php-fpm: pool www

nobody 20537 0.0 0.4 34364 2308 ? S 19:46 0:00 php-fpm: pool www

nobody 20538 0.0 0.4 34364 2308 ? S 19:46 0:00 php-fpm: pool www

root 20544 0.0 0.1 5016 688 pts/1 R+ 19:47 0:00 grep php-fpm

整合nginx和php：

编辑/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:

[[email protected] php-5.4.0]cd /etc/nginx

[[email protected] nginx]# cp nginx.conf nginx.conf.back

[[email protected] nginx]# vim nginx.conf

启用如下选项：
location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

在所支持的主页面格式中添加php格式的主页，如下：

location / {
            root   html;
            index index.php index.html index.htm;
        }

编辑/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params，将其内容更改为如下内容：
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

[[email protected] nginx]# pkill nginx

[[email protected] nginx]# nginx

测试：

在/usr/html新建index.php的测试页面，测试php是否能正常工作：
[[email protected] nginx]# cd /usr/html

[[email protected] html]# cp index.html index.php

[[email protected] html]# vim index.php