一.定义
- 组合模式,又叫做部分整体模式,是用于把一组相似的对象当做一个单一的对象。组合模式依赖树形结构来组合对象,用来表示部分以及整体层次。
- 组合模式属于结构型模式
二.代码体现
- 慕课网平台向我们展示,目录与视频。忽略两者的不同,使用组合模式将其统一管理。
- 让
CourseCatalog
文件目录类与Course
课程类统一继承CatalogComponent
。CourseCatalog
,Course
分别重写了各自的方法与独立的属性。可以细细的体会一下,两个类的同与不同。
-
CourseCatalog
类中有属性items
可以将课程添加进去。
- 尽管两类重写了相同的方法,但是具体重写方式不一样。
public abstract class CatalogComponent {
public void add(CatalogComponent catalogComponent){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("不支持添加操作");
}
public void remove(CatalogComponent catalogComponent){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("不支持添加操作");
}
public String getName(CatalogComponent catalogComponent){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("不支持添加操作");
}
public double getPrice(CatalogComponent catalogComponent){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("不支持添加操作");
}
public void print(){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("不支持添加操作");
}
}
public class Course extends CatalogComponent {
private String name;
private double price;
public Course(String name, double price) {
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String getName(CatalogComponent catalogComponent) {
return this.name;
}
@Override
public double getPrice(CatalogComponent catalogComponent) {
return this.price;
}
@Override
public void print() {
System.out.println("Course Name:"+name+" Price:"+price);
}
}
public class CourseCatalog extends CatalogComponent {
private List<CatalogComponent> items = new ArrayList<>();
private String name;
private Integer level;
public CourseCatalog(String name, Integer level) {
this.name = name;
this.level = level;
}
@Override
public void add(CatalogComponent catalogComponent) {
items.add(catalogComponent);
}
@Override
public void remove(CatalogComponent catalogComponent) {
items.remove(catalogComponent);
}
@Override
public String getName(CatalogComponent catalogComponent) {
return this.name;
}
@Override
public void print() {
System.out.print(this.name);
System.out.println();
for(CatalogComponent catalogComponent : items){
if(this.level != null){
for (int i = 0 ; i < this.level ; i++ ){
System.out.print(" ");
}
}
catalogComponent.print();
}
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CatalogComponent linuxCourse = new Course("Linux课程",11);
CatalogComponent windowsCourse = new Course("windows课程",11);
CatalogComponent javaCourseCatalog = new CourseCatalog("Java课程目录",2);
CatalogComponent mmallCourse1 = new Course("Java电商一期",55);
CatalogComponent mmallCourse2 = new Course("Java电商二期",66);
CatalogComponent designPattern = new Course("Java设计模式",77);
javaCourseCatalog.add(mmallCourse1);
javaCourseCatalog.add(mmallCourse2);
javaCourseCatalog.add(designPattern);
CatalogComponent imoocMainCourseCatalog = new CourseCatalog("慕课网课程主目录",1);
imoocMainCourseCatalog.add(linuxCourse);
imoocMainCourseCatalog.add(windowsCourse);
imoocMainCourseCatalog.add(javaCourseCatalog);
imoocMainCourseCatalog.print();
}
}
