OpenStack 计算服务Nova [四]
Nova简介:
Nova是openstack最早的两块模块之一,另一个是对象存储swift
。在openstack体系中一个叫做计算节点
,一个叫做控制节点
。这个主要和nova相关,我们把安装为计算节点nova-compute
,把除了nova-compute叫做控制节点。nova-compute是创建虚拟机的,只是创建虚拟机,所有的控制都在另一台上。
nova有非常多的组件(服务)
Nova服务介绍 API:
负责接受和响应外部请求。支持OpenStack API,EC2 API Cert:
负责身份认证EC 2 Scheduler:
用于云主机调度 Conductor:
计算节点访问数据的中间件 Consoleauth:
用于控制台的授权验证 Novncproxy:
VNC代理
提示:EC 2
是亚马逊云主机的意思
Nova scheduler
Nova scheduler
模块在openstack中的作用就是决策虚拟机创建在那个主机(计算节点)上
决策一个虚拟机应该调度到那个物理节点,需要分两个步骤:
1、过滤(Fliter)
2、计算权值(Weight)
提示:我们经常会出现找不到有效的主机?为什么?
因为nova scheduler
认为没有资源创建虚拟机,即使你有100G
内存,如果nova scheduler
认为你没有资格照样无法进行创建。scheduler
作用就是决策虚拟机创建在那个主机上
经过主机过滤后,需要对主机进行权值的计算,根据策略选择相应的某一台主机(对于每一个要创建的虚拟机而言)
控制节点设置:
数据库以及keystone修改我们在前面已经完成,所以在此跳过
安装软件包
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor \
> openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxy \
> openstack-nova-scheduler
在配置文件中修改数据库的连接地址
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
…
[database]
connection=mysql+pymysql://nova:[email protected]/nova
…
[api_database]
connection=mysql+pymysql://nova:[email protected]/nova_api
提示:不要修改错了,每个都在在相对应的模块下面进行修改
同步数据库
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
提示:db的有警告可以忽略
检查是否有表结构
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# mysql -h 192.168.56.11 -unova -pnova -e "use nova;show tables;"
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# mysql -h 192.168.56.11 -unova_api -pnova_api -e "use nova_api;show tables;"
配置keystone
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
…
[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://192.168.56.11:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.56.11:35357
memcached_servers = 192.168.56.11:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
…
[DEFAULT]
auth_strategy=keystone
#打开注释,此行代表使用keystone进行认证
RabbitMq(消息队列配置)
因为nova
服务之间使用消息队列进行沟通,所以我们需要配置rabbitmq
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
rpc_backend=rabbit
#搜索rpc_backend打开注释
rabbit_host=192.168.56.11
将localhost修改为IP地址
rabbit_port=5672
端口我们可以开启也可以不开启默认就好
rabbit_userid=openstack
rabbit_password=openstack
这个是我们在rabbitmq上配置的用户
配置nova自己的一些功能
设置启用的元数据API
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata
启动网络服务支持
use_neutron=true
关闭防火墙
firewall_driver=nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
提示:默认情况下,计算服务使用内置的防火墙服务。由于网络服务包含了防火墙服务,你必须使用nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
防火墙服务来禁用掉计算服务内置的防火墙服务
我们不配置my IP
,因为My IP是一个大坑
配置VNC
代理使用控制节点的管理接口IP地址
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
vncserver_listen=192.168.56.11
vncserver_proxyclient_address=192.168.56.11
配置glance镜像服务API
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[glance]
api_servers=http://192.168.56.11:9292
配置锁路径
[oslo_concurrency]
…
lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp
nova配置说明
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# grep '^[a-z]' /etc/nova/nova.conf
enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata #启动api
auth_strategy=keystone #设置keystone
firewall_driver=nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver #关闭防火墙
use_neutron=true #使用neutron
rpc_backend=rabbit #使用rabbitmq
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:[email protected]/nova_api #数据库地址
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:[email protected]/nova #数据库地址
api_servers=http://192.168.56.11:9292 #glance api地址
auth_uri = http://192.168.56.11:5000 #keystone
auth_url = http://192.168.56.11:35357 #keystone
memcached_servers = 192.168.56.11:11211 #keystone
auth_type = password #keystone
project_domain_name = default #keystone
user_domain_name = default #keystone
project_name = service #keystone
username = nova #keystone
password = nova #keystone
lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp #锁路径
rabbit_host=192.168.56.11 #rabbitmq
rabbit_port=5672 #rabbitmq
rabbit_userid=openstack #rabbitmq
rabbit_password=openstack #rabbitmq
vncserver_listen=192.168.56.11 #VNC
vncserver_proxyclient_address=192.168.56.11 #VNC
设置开机启动,并启动服务
# systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
# systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
nova启动成功之后还需要去keystone
上进行注册,否则别人无法进行连接
创建nova服务
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# source admin-openstack.sh
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# openstack service create --name nova --description "Openstack Compute " compute
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Openstack Compute |
| enabled | True |
| id | c9aca55493924f2ba9cb5b304cb1322f |
| name | nova |
| type | compute |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
创建Compute服务api端点
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> compute public http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 71414f00b2834e8190ee25c219e3d3c4 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | c9aca55493924f2ba9cb5b304cb1322f |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 9162f57b72e244f799086eeca3b7df6c |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | c9aca55493924f2ba9cb5b304cb1322f |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 8fb3d0da5ee64ed693b7b4608844d5ff |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | c9aca55493924f2ba9cb5b304cb1322f |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
检查控制节点是否成功
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# openstack host list
+---------------------------+-------------+----------+
| Host Name | Service | Zone |
+---------------------------+-------------+----------+
| linux-node1.abcdocker.com | consoleauth | internal |
| linux-node1.abcdocker.com | conductor | internal |
| linux-node1.abcdocker.com | scheduler | internal |
+---------------------------+-------------+----------+
nova计算节点配置
我们在架构中想构建几个虚拟机就要看计算节点的配置,虚拟化工具我们只能使用VMware,因为VMware支持嵌套虚拟化,其他的虚拟化软件不支持
我们nova计算节点IP是192.168.56.12
需要开启虚拟化技术
因为需要使用kvm来创建虚拟机,所以我们需要开启虚拟化。如果是服务器需要在bios上开启
环境准备
[[email protected]-node2 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
[[email protected]-node2 ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-327.36.2.el7.x86_64
时间同步
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# yum install ntpdate -y
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# ntpdate time1.aliyun.com
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai #设置时区
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
安装openstack仓库
[[email protected]-node2 ~]# yum install -y centos-release-openstack-mitaka
安装openstack客户端
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# yum install -y python-openstackclient
因为控制节点的nova和计算节点的配置除了没有数据库其他的都是相同的,这里我们采取scp
的形式进行修改
安装openstack SELinux管理包
[[email protected]-node2 ~]# yum install -y openstack-selinux
安装nova
[[email protected]-node2 ~]# yum install -y openstack-nova-compute
步骤:
1、从控制节点scp nova.conf
2、 删除数据库的配置
3、 vnc的配置进行变更
4、 设置一个虚拟化的选项
提示:要注意nova.conf
文件的权限
时间必须同步!!!!
1.将控制节点的nova.conf
复制到计算节点上
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# scp /etc/nova/nova.conf 192.168.56.12:/etc/nova/
The authenticity of host '192.168.56.12 (192.168.56.12)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 43:50:3c:fa:03:29:7c:3c:5f:aa:d2:76:b5:8e:d9:54.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.56.12' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
[email protected]'s password:
nova.conf 100% 180KB 180.0KB/s 00:00
2.进入计算节点进行修改
首先保证权限一致
[[email protected]-node2 nova]# ll /etc/nova/nova.conf
-rw-r----- 1 root nova 184332 Nov 18 17:02 /etc/nova/nova.conf
3.修改配置文件
[[email protected]-node2 nova]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
#connection =
#connection =
搜索mysql将mysql路径注释掉
配置vnc
novncproxy_base_url=http://192.168.56.11:6080/vnc_auto.html
vncserver_listen=0.0.0.0
vncserver_proxyclient_address=192.168.56.12
5384行enabled=true
提示:服务器组件监听所有的 IP 地址,而代理组件仅仅监听计算节点管理网络接口的 IP 地址。基本的 URL 指示您可以使用 web 浏览器访问位于该计算节点上实例的远程控制台的位置。
选择虚拟化类型
确定您的计算节点是否支持虚拟化
的硬件加速。 egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
如果这个命令返回了1
或不等于0
的值,那么你的计算节点支持硬件加速且不需要额外的配置。
如果这个命令返回了 0
值,那么你的计算节点不支持硬件加速。你必须配置 libvirt
来使用 QEMU
去代替 KVM
KVM文章:http://www.abcdocker.com/abcdocker/1627
在 /etc/nova/nova.conf
文件的 [libvirt]
区域做出如下的编辑:
[libvirt]
…
virt_type=kvm
#配置虚拟化类型
总结 nova.conf
修改了如下五行
[[email protected]-node2 nova]# grep '^[a-z]' /etc/nova/nova.conf
…
enabled=true
vncserver_listen=0.0.0.0
vncserver_proxyclient_address=192.168.56.12
novncproxy_base_url=http://192.168.56.11:6080/vnc_auto.html
virt_type=kvm
设置开机启动
[[email protected]-node2 ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd openstack-nova-compute
[[email protected]-node2 ~]# systemctl start libvirtd openstack-nova-compute
列出服务组件,以验证是否成功启动并注册了每个进程:
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# source admin-openstack.sh
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# openstack host list
+---------------------------+-------------+----------+
| Host Name | Service | Zone |
+---------------------------+-------------+----------+
| linux-node1.abcdocker.com | consoleauth | internal |
| linux-node1.abcdocker.com | conductor | internal |
| linux-node1.abcdocker.com | scheduler | internal |
| linux-node2.abcdocker.com | compute | nova |
+---------------------------+-------------+----------+
该输出应该显示三个服务组件在控制节点上启用,一个服务组件在计算节点上启用。
查看nova
和keystone
是否正常
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# nova service-list
+----+------------------+---------------------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
| Id | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated_at | Disabled Reason |
+----+------------------+---------------------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
| 1 | nova-consoleauth | linux-node1.abcdocker.com | internal | enabled | up | 2016-11-18T09:24:23.000000 | - |
| 2 | nova-conductor | linux-node1.abcdocker.com | internal | enabled | up | 2016-11-18T09:24:22.000000 | - |
| 3 | nova-scheduler | linux-node1.abcdocker.com | internal | enabled | up | 2016-11-18T09:24:23.000000 | - |
| 6 | nova-compute | linux-node2.abcdocker.com | nova | enabled | up | 2016-11-18T09:24:23.000000 | - |
+----+------------------+---------------------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
查看nova和glance服务相互是否正常
[[email protected]-node1 ~]# nova image-list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status | Server |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+
| fc67361d-ad30-40b2-9d96-941e50fc17f5 | cirros | ACTIVE | |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+
再次提示:时间必须同步!!!
nova
安装到此截止!