spring+strtus2+hibernate三大框架整合
spring+strtus2+hibernate三大框架整合
一.整合原理
- struts2与spring整合就是将struts2的Action对象由spring容器负责创建
- hibernate与spring整合就是将SessionFactory对象交给spring容器来维护,spring负责Session创建以及aop事务
二.导包
1.hibernate包:
- hibernate本身必须包:hibernate/librequired下的所有包
- 持久化规范接口:hibernate/lib/jpa: hibernate-entitymanager-5.0.7.Final.jar
- 数据库驱动包
2.struts2包:
- struts-blank.war/WEB-INF/lib/*:空白strust2项目的包
- struts2整合spring的包: struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.24.jar,这个包一旦导入struts2在启动时就会找spring容器,找不到就报错
3.spring包
- spring基本包(4+2):core|beans|context|expression|logging|log4j
- spring整合web包1个:spring-web
- spring整合aop包4个:spring-aop|spring-aspect|aop联盟|aopweaving
- spring整合hibernate事务4个:spring-jdbc|spring-tx|c3p0|spring-orm
- spring整合Junit4测试包1个:spring-test
4.标签库包
- standard.jar
- jstl.jar
到此一共42个包,此时把项目部署到服务器运行就没问题了:
三.单独配置spring容器
- 创建配置文件并导入约束4个:beans | context | aop | tx
- 在web.xml中配置ContextLoaderListener和contextConfigLocation使spring容器随项目的启动而创建:
<!-- spring的容器listener -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置文件的路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
四.单独配置struts2
- 配置struts2的主配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<!--将Action的创建交给spring容器
struts.objectFactory = spring
spring负责装配Action依赖属性(默认打开)
struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name-->
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"></constant>
<!-- 开发模式 -->
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"/>
<package name="crm" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<global-exception-mappings>
<exception-mapping result="error" exception="java.lang.RuntimeException"></exception-mapping>
</global-exception-mappings>
<action name="UserAction_*" class="userAction" method="{1}">
<result name="toHome" type="redirect">/index.htm</result>
<result name="error">/login.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
- 配置struts2核心过滤器:
<!-- struts核心过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
五.spring与struts2整合
1.在struts2的配置文件中配置常量:
<!--将Action的创建交给spring容器
struts.objectFactory = spring
spring负责装配Action依赖属性(默认打开)
struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name-->
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"></constant>
2.整合:Action对象交给spring容器来管理,在spring的配置文件中配置Action
<!-- 注意:Action的scope属性要配置成prototype -->
<bean name="userAction" class="com.tz.web.action.UserAction" scope="prototype"></bean>
这样就把Action交给spring来管理了我们在struts2的配置文件中只需要引用就好了
<action name="UserAction_*" class="userAction" method="{1}">
<result name="toHome" type="redirect">/index.htm</result>
</action>
我们可以看到Action的class属性变成了spring容器中的beanname属性,以后struts2不会自己创建Action对象而是向spring拿对象
六.单独配置hibernate
- 配置orm元数据,一个实体噢诶对应一个配置文件
- hibernate主配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 数据库连接的基本配置(必要配置) -->
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///ssh_crm?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">123456</property>
<!-- 数据库方言 -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- 自动建表 -->
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<!-- hibernate的基本属性(sql的格式化与显示) -->
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<!-- hibernate的orm元数据映射 -->
<mapping resource="com/tz/pojo/Customer.hbm.xml"/>
<mapping resource="com/tz/pojo/LinkMan.hbm.xml"/>
<mapping resource="com/tz/pojo/User.hbm.xml"/>
<mapping resource="com/tz/pojo/Role.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
七.spring与hibernate整合
这里整合分两种方式:
- 仍使用hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件但SessionFactory对象交给spring管理:
<bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!--name是固定的,value是hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件的位置(从src开始)-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
</bean>
- 不使用hibernate.cfg.xml配置,完全交给spring管理,这样我们就可以把hibernate.cfg.xml文件给删除并在spring中配置:
<bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 1.hibernate基本配置 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///ssh_crm?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.username">root</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.password">123456</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 2.引入orm元数据(指定元数据所在的包,spring会自动加载所有配置) -->
<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations" value="classpath:com/tz/pojo"></property>
</bean>
八.spring与c3p0连接池整合
- 配置db.properties用来给c3p0链接数据库,这里的键最好加上前缀避免与关键字冲突:
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///ssh_crm?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123456
2.在spring中配置c3p0:
<!-- 1.读取properties文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!-- 2.配置C3P0连接池 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>
- 让hibernate依赖c3p0,上面配置hibernate的时候是我们配置过数据库的链接了,我们配置c3p0后可以让hibernate基于c3p0来操作数据库所以hibernate的配置就变成了如下:
<bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 1.hibernate基本配置 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<!-- 因为使用C3P0的连接池来链接数据库所以基本配置由C3P0来配置
<prop key="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///ssh_crm?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.username">root</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.password">123456</prop> -->
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 2.引入orm元数据(指定元数据所在的包,spring会自动加载所有配置) -->
<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations" value="classpath:com/tz/pojo"></property>
<!-- 3.让hibernate使用c3p0连接池操作数据库 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
不同的地方就是,连接数据库的基本信息交给c3p0,hibernate只要加上c3p0的依赖就好,这样就各尽其责
九.spring中AOP事务
- 我们知道,在操作数据库的时候往往会与事务打交道,spring框架提供了一套管理事务的API,他对每个开源的框架都有提供支持,当然也必须包括了对hibernate的支持,hibernate在spring中的事务基于核心事务管理器,我们首先要配置这个管理器:
<!-- 1.核心事务管理器 -->
<bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入SessionFactory -->
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
事务管理器是要基于SessionFactory的,一并配上即可
- spring中的事务体现了AOP(面向切面)的思想,即纵向重复横向提取,意思就是我们不需要每次执行业务逻辑的时候都开启事务,我们只需要将开启和关闭事务的代码(在AOP中叫通知)加在业务逻辑方法中就可以(AOP中叫织入),spring会为我们的业务逻辑层创建代理对象,这些代理对象的方法都进过加工处理,也就是加上了事务的管理,我们只需要将其配置到我们想要处理事务的方法中即可:
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager" >
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="save*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="persist*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="update*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="modify*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="delete*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="remove*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="get*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="find*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
这里是将通知配置到我们的核心事务管理器中,下面就是要将事务织入到方法里:
<aop:config>
<!-- 配置切点 -->
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.tz.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))" id="txPc"/>
<!-- 配置切面 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPc" />
</aop:config>
到这里三大框架就基本整合完毕了,最后一点细节就是扩大hibernate的session方位,避免使用懒加载的时候出现onsession的错误,在web.xml中配置:
<!-- 扩大Session的范围 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
注意这个过滤器一定要配在struts2核心过滤器的前面
配置文件总览
- struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<!--将Action的创建交给spring容器
struts.objectFactory = spring
spring负责装配Action依赖属性(默认打开)
struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name-->
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"></constant>
<!-- 开发模式 -->
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"/>
<package name="crm" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<global-exception-mappings>
<exception-mapping result="error" exception="java.lang.RuntimeException"></exception-mapping>
</global-exception-mappings>
<action name="UserAction_*" class="userAction" method="{1}">
<result name="toHome" type="redirect">/index.htm</result>
<result name="error">/login.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
- applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd ">
<!-- ============beans配置============ -->
<!-- Struts2:userAction -->
<!-- 注意:Action要配置成prototype -->
<bean name="userAction" class="com.tz.web.action.UserAction" scope="prototype">
<property name="userService" ref="userService"></property>
</bean>
<!-- Service:userServiceImpl -->
<bean name="userService" class="com.tz.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
</bean>
<!-- Dao:userDaoImpl通过HibernateDaoSupport获取HibernateTemplate,需要注入SessionFactory -->
<bean name="userDao" class="com.tz.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- ============基本配置文件配置============ -->
<!-- Hibernate:sessionFactory -->
<bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 方案一:仍使用外部hibernate.cfg.xml文件
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>-->
<!-- 方案二:配置hibernate -->
<!-- 1.hibernate基本配置 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<!-- 因为使用C3P0的连接池来链接数据库所以基本配置由C3P0来配置
<prop key="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///ssh_crm?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.username">root</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.password">123456</prop> -->
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 2.引入orm元数据(指定元数据所在的包,spring会自动加载所有配置) -->
<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations" value="classpath:com/tz/pojo"></property>
<!-- 3.让hibernate使用c3p0连接池操作数据库 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- C3P0:配置连接池 -->
<!-- 1.读取properties文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!-- 2.配置C3P0连接池 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- SpringAOP:事务管理 -->
<!-- 1.核心事务管理器 -->
<bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入SessionFactory -->
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 2.事务通知 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager" >
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="save*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="persist*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="update*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="modify*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="delete*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="remove*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="get*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="find*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- 3.通知织入 -->
<aop:config>
<!-- 配置切点 -->
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.tz.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))" id="txPc"/>
<!-- 配置切面 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPc" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
- web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>ssh_crm</display-name>
<!-- spring的容器listener -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置文件的路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 扩大Session的范围 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- struts核心过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>