sql语句case when使用和date_formate()的使用,DATEDIFF(字段1,字段2)获取天数,常用的MYSQL的函数
SELECT
CASE
WHEN id = 1 THEN
'id为1'
WHEN id = 2 THEN
'id为2'
ELSE
'都大于2'
END AS '属性名'
FROM
alq_hunter
ORDER BY
id ASC
case when 。。。then when。。。then else 。。then end
结束的时候使用end结尾,case when 中并没有使用逗号分隔开。case when 就是类似于java中的else if ,
#=====================================================================================================================
SELECT
cm.id,
cm.content,
DATE_FORMAT(
cm.created_time,
'%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s'
) created_time,
cm.fabulous_num,
cm.reply_num,
c.member_id,
CASE
WHEN c.member_id = cm.member_id THEN
'作者回复'
ELSE
(
SELECT
IFNULL(am.nickname, '匿名用户') nickname
FROM
alq_member am
WHERE
am.id = cm.member_id
)
END nickname,
(
SELECT
a.address
FROM
alq_member m,
alq_attachment a
WHERE
a.id = m.logo_attachment_id
AND m.id = cm.member_id
) address
FROM
alq_consultation_comment cm,
alq_consultation c
WHERE
cm.consultation_id = c.id
AND cm.is_delete = 0
AND cm.id = 2
其中的Date_Formate();中的 '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s'中的大小不一样含义也不一样
#============++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
DATEDIFF(字段1,字段2)
SELECT
created_time,
update_time,
DATEDIFF(created_time, update_time) AS '天数'
FROM
alq_hunter
#=======================================================
DATE_ADD(时间字段,INTERVAL INTERVAL 31 DAY); 时间添加天数,自动计算出参数
SELECT
created_time,
update_time,
DATE_ADD(update_time, INTERVAL 31 DAY) AS date
FROM
alq_hunter
#==========================================================
Date(字段)
SELECT
created_time,
update_time,
DATE(update_time) as date
FROM
alq_hunter
################################################################################################################################################
1、语法:
删除> drop procedure if exists procedureName;
创建> create procedure(IN/OUT/INOUT 参数名称 数据类型) BEGIN .... END;
----说明:
IN 输入参数:表示该参数的值必须在调用存储过程时指定,在存储过程中修改该参数的值不能被返回,为默认值
OUT 输出参数:该值可在存储过程内部被改变,并可返回
INOUT 输入输出参数:调用时指定,并且可被改变和返回
调用存储过程> call procedureName()/call procedureName(params);
2、mysql的变量声明:
DECLARE variable_name[,variable_name2,variable_name3...] 数据类型 [DEFAULT variable_value];
[]的内容表示可选。来看几个示例:
DECLARE my_date date DEFAULT '2012-12-31';
DECLARE my_datetime datetime DEFAULT '2012-12-31 23:59:59';
DECLARE my_varchar varchar(255) DEFAULT 'This will not be padded';
3、变量赋值
SET variable_name=variable_value;
4、mysql内置函数
------------------字符操作函数----------------------------
CHARSET(str) //返回字串字符集
CONCAT (string2 [,... ]) //连接字串
INSTR (string ,substring ) //返回substring首次在string中出现的位置,不存在返回0
LCASE (string2 ) //转换成小写
LEFT (string2 ,length ) //从string2中的左边起取length个字符
LENGTH (string ) //string长度
LOAD_FILE (file_name ) //从文件读取内容
LOCATE (substring , string [,start_position ] ) 同INSTR,但可指定开始位置
LPAD (string2 ,length ,pad ) //重复用pad加在string开头,直到字串长度为length
LTRIM (string2 ) //去除前端空格
REPEAT (string2 ,count ) //重复count次
REPLACE (str ,search_str ,replace_str ) //在str中用replace_str替换search_str
RPAD (string2 ,length ,pad) //在str后用pad补充,直到长度为length
RTRIM (string2 ) //去除后端空格
STRCMP (string1 ,string2 ) //逐字符比较两字串大小,
SUBSTRING (str , position [,length ]) //从str的position开始,取length个字符,
注:mysql中处理字符串时,默认第一个字符下标为1,即参数position必须大于等于1
TRIM([[BOTH|LEADING|TRAILING] [padding] FROM]string2) //去除指定位置的指定字符
UCASE (string2 ) //转换成大写
RIGHT(string2,length) //取string2最后length个字符
SPACE(count) //生成count个空格
---------------------------数学函数---------------------------------
ABS (number2 ) //绝对值
BIN (decimal_number ) //十进制转二进制
CEILING (number2 ) //向上取整
CONV(number2,from_base,to_base) //进制转换
FLOOR (number2 ) //向下取整
FORMAT (number,decimal_places ) //保留小数位数
HEX (DecimalNumber ) //转十六进制
注:HEX()中可传入字符串,则返回其ASC-11码,如HEX('DEF')返回4142143
也可以传入十进制整数,返回其十六进制编码,如HEX(25)返回19
LEAST (number , number2 [,..]) //求最小值
MOD (numerator ,denominator ) //求余
POWER (number ,power ) //求指数
RAND([seed]) //随机数
ROUND (number [,decimals ]) //四舍五入,decimals为小数位数]
注:返回类型并非均为整数,如:
(1)默认变为整形值
select round(1.23); //打印输出1
select round(1.56); //打印输出2
(2)可以设定小数位数,返回浮点型数据
select round(1.567,2); //打印输出1.57
SIGN (number2 ) //在进行SQL查询时,我们通常会有这样一种需求:
对一个自然数进行判断,如果为零,返回0,如果为负数,统一返回-1, 如果为正数,统一返回1。
-----------------------------日期函数-------------------------------------
ADDTIME (date2 ,time_interval ) //将time_interval加到date2
CONVERT_TZ (datetime2 ,fromTZ ,toTZ ) //转换时区
CURRENT_DATE ( ) //当前日期
CURRENT_TIME ( ) //当前时间
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ( ) //当前时间戳
DATE (datetime ) //返回datetime的日期部分
DATE_ADD (date2 , INTERVAL d_value d_type ) //在date2中加上日期或时间
DATE_FORMAT (datetime ,FormatCodes ) //使用formatcodes格式显示datetime
DATE_SUB (date2 , INTERVAL d_value d_type ) //在date2上减去一个时间
DATEDIFF (date1 ,date2 ) //两个日期差
DAY (date ) //返回日期的天
DAYNAME (date ) //英文星期
DAYOFWEEK (date ) //星期(1-7) ,1为星期天
DAYOFYEAR (date ) //一年中的第几天
EXTRACT (interval_name FROM date ) //从date中提取日期的指定部分
MAKEDATE (year ,day ) //给出年及年中的第几天,生成日期串
MAKETIME (hour ,minute ,second ) //生成时间串
MONTHNAME (date ) //英文月份名
NOW ( ) //当前时间
SEC_TO_TIME (seconds ) //秒数转成时间
STR_TO_DATE (string ,format ) //字串转成时间,以format格式显示
TIMEDIFF (datetime1 ,datetime2 ) //两个时间差
TIME_TO_SEC (time ) //时间转秒数]
WEEK (date_time [,start_of_week ]) //第几周
YEAR (datetime ) //年份
DAYOFMONTH(datetime) //月的第几天
HOUR(datetime) //小时
LAST_DAY(date) //date的月的最后日期
MICROSECOND(datetime) //微秒
MONTH(datetime) //月
MINUTE(datetime) //分返回符号,正负或0
SQRT(number2) //开平方
5、在存储过程中使用逻辑判断
还是从实例中看比较直观:
(1)、if then else end if
CREATE PROCEDURE proc2(IN parameter int)
begin
declare var int;
set var=parameter+1;
if var=0 then
insert into t values(17);
end if;
if parameter=0 then
update t set s1=s1+1;
else
update t set s1=s1+2;
end if;
end;
(2)、case语句
CREATE PROCEDURE proc3 (in parameter int)
begin
declare var int;
set var=parameter+1;
case var
when 0 then
insert into t values(17);
when 1 then
insert into t values(18);
else
insert into t values(19);
end case;
end;
(3)、while... end while
CREATE PROCEDURE proc4()
begin
declare var int;
set var=0;
while var<6 do
insert into t values(var);
set var=var+1;
end while;
end;
(4)、loop ... end loop
CREATE PROCEDURE proc5 ()
begin
declare v int;
set v=0;
LOOP_LABLE:loop
insert into t values(v);
set v=v+1;
if v >=5 then
leave LOOP_LABLE;
end if;
end loop;
end;
(5)、迭代Iterate
CREATE PROCEDURE proc6 ()
begin
declare v int;
set v=0;
LOOP_LABLE:loop
if v=3 then
set v=v+1;
ITERATE LOOP_LABLE;
end if;
insert into t values(v);
set v=v+1;
if v>=5 then
leave LOOP_LABLE;
end if;
end loop;
end;
6、Java调用存储过程访问mysql示例
(1)、定义不同数据库实现接口(适用于mysql,sqlserver,oracle等数据库存储过程)
- package com.boonya.procedure.service;
- /**
- * 文件:ProcedureService.java
- * 功能: 实现mysql数据库存储过程的操作
- * 注释:对于功能相同而实现类型不同而言最好先定义接口
- * @author PengJunlin
- * @date 2013-02-19
- */
- public interface ProcedureService {
- void createProcedure(String myprocedure,String procedureName);
- void usingProcedure(String myprocedure,String param);
- void alertProcedure(String myprocedure,String procedureName);
- void dropProcedure(String procedureName);
- }
(2)、实现接口和测试
- package com.boonya.procedure.mysql;
- import java.sql.CallableStatement;
- import java.sql.Connection;
- import java.sql.ResultSet;
- import java.sql.SQLException;
- import java.sql.Statement;
- import com.boonya.procedure.service.ProcedureService;
- import com.boonya.procedure.utils.JDBCConnection;
- /**
- * 文件:MysqlProcedure.java
- * 功能: 实现mysql数据库存储过程的操作
- * 注释:对于功能相同而实现类型不同而言最好先定义接口,已实现接口
- * @author PengJunlin
- * @date 2013-02-19
- */
- public class MysqlProcedure implements ProcedureService{
- static CallableStatement cstmt=null;
- static Connection conn=null;
- static Statement stmt=null;
- static ResultSet rs=null;
- static{
- JDBCConnection.setConn("mysql");
- conn=JDBCConnection.getConn();
- }
- /**
- * 创建数据库表///温故而知新
- */
- public void createTable(String createSql,String tableName){
- try {
- stmt=conn.createStatement();
- stmt.execute("drop table if exists "+tableName+" ;");
- stmt.executeUpdate(createSql);
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- public void createProcedure(String myprocedure,String procedureName){
- try {
- stmt=conn.createStatement();
- stmt.execute("drop procedure if exists "+procedureName+" ;");
- stmt.executeUpdate(myprocedure);
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- public void alertProcedure(String myprocedure,String procedureName){
- try {
- stmt=conn.createStatement();
- stmt.execute("drop procedure if exists "+procedureName+" ;");
- stmt.executeUpdate(myprocedure);
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- public void usingProcedure(String procedureName,String param){
- try {
- cstmt=conn.prepareCall("call "+procedureName+"("+param+")");
- rs=cstmt.executeQuery();
- System.out.println("存储过程查询结果:");
- while (rs.next()) {
- System.out.println(rs.getInt("sno")+" "+rs.getString("sname")
- +" "+rs.getInt("sage")+" "+rs.getString("sdept"));
- }
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- public void dropProcedure(String procedureName){
- try {
- String dorpProcedure="drop procedure if exists "+procedureName+" ;";
- stmt=conn.createStatement();
- stmt.executeUpdate(dorpProcedure);
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- class MysqlProcedureTest{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- MysqlProcedure mysqlProcedure=new MysqlProcedure();
- String mytableString=" create table mytable_mysql " //建表语句
- +"("
- +" uid int(11) primary key ,"
- +" uname varchar(30) ,"
- +" uage int(11) , "
- +" ubackground varchar(100)"
- +");";
- mysqlProcedure.createTable(mytableString,"mytable_mysql"); //创建数据表
- String myprocedure=" create procedure snoquery(IN no int) "//存储过程语句
- +" BEGIN"
- +" declare s_no int;"
- +" set s_no=no;"
- +" select sno,sname,sage,ssex,sdept "
- +" from student where sno=s_no ;"
- +" END;";
- mysqlProcedure.createProcedure(myprocedure,"snoquery"); //创建存储过程
- mysqlProcedure.usingProcedure("snoquery","12"); //调用存储过程
- String alertProcedure="create procedure snoquery(IN name varchar(30))"
- +" BEGIN"
- +" declare s_name varchar(30);"
- +" set s_name=name;"
- +" select sno,sname,sage,ssex,sdept "
- +" from student where sname=s_name;"
- +" END;";
- mysqlProcedure.alertProcedure(alertProcedure,"snoquery"); //修改存储过程
- mysqlProcedure.usingProcedure("snoquery","'boonya007'"); //调用存储过程
- mysqlProcedure.dropProcedure("snoquery"); //删除存储过程
- }
- }