Java框架基础教程 : 使用Maven搭建SSH项目(Idea)
本教程是在Idea中使用Maven搭建Struts2+Spring3+hibernate4的开发环境
做Java开发有一年多了,几个项目中使用最多的还是这套SSH框架,在这里记录一下
Maven的安装与配置以及创建一个web项目可以看下面这篇博文
Java框架基础教程 : Maven安装与配置以及在IDEA中使用Maven创建一个web项目
这里使用的是IDEA,虽然最早做Java开发时用的是Eclipse,也用了很久,但后来用了IDEA后,再用Eclipse总觉得很不方便.
一.创建一个Maven项目,将Create from archetype(原型)勾选上
然后next
然后next
接下来点击Finish,等待maven下载所需的依赖包,项目就已经搭建好了
二.配置SSH环境.
1.配置pom.xml (下载所需的Jar包)
更改pom.xml后,Maven会自动从中心仓库下载所需的Jar包,我用的是阿里的仓库.
<properties> <!-- 文件拷贝编码 --> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> <!-- 输出编码 --> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <!-- 编译编码 --> <maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- log4j 日志 --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet API --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1-b09</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- MySQL驱动 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.24</version> </dependency> <!-- mchange C3P0 数据源 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5-pre2</version> </dependency> <!-- junit --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- fastjson --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.1.29</version> </dependency> <!-- sf.json --> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId> <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> <classifier>jdk15</classifier><!--指定jdk版本 --> </dependency> <!-- struts2 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>2.3.14</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>javassist</groupId> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.14</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-convention-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.14</version> </dependency> <!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- aspectjweaver --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.7.2</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>4.2.0.Final</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
2.更改项目结构 (增加所需的文件夹)
src/main/java:存放java源文件
src/main/resources:存放项目配置文件，如struts.xml,spring.xml,hibernate.cfg.xml等
3.编写配置文件
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> <display-name></display-name> <!-- Spring ApplicationContext配置文件的路径,可使用通配符,多个路径用,号分隔 此参数用于后面的Spring Context Loader --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring.xml,classpath:spring-hibernate.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- spring 监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- Filter 定义 --> <!-- Character Encoding filter --> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!--Hibernate的session丢失解决方法 --> <filter> <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- struts2 filter --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 引入属性文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties" /> <!-- 自动扫描dao和service包(自动注入) --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.ljb" /> </beans>
spring-hibernate.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd "> <!-- 使用C3P0数据源，MySQL数据库 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <!-- MySQL5 --> <property name="driverClass" value="${driverClassName}"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"></property> <property name="user" value="${username}"></property> <property name="password" value="${password}"></property> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="40"></property> <property name="minPoolSize" value="1"></property> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="1"></property> <property name="maxIdleTime" value="20"></property> </bean> <!-- session工厂 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ljb.*.entity" /> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置事务 --> <bean name="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" /> </beans>
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <!-- 将Action交给spring容器管理 --> <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" /> <!-- 零配置 --> <constant name="struts.convention.package.locators" value="ljb" /> <constant name="struts.convention.package.locators.basePackage" value="com" /> <!-- 模式为开发模式，修改xml配置文件会自动加载，项目交付的时候设置为false,以免影响性能 --> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" /> <!-- 字符集编码 --> <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf-8" /> <package name="defaultPackage" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"> </package> </struts>配置完成