权限管理设计之菜单权限
权限菜单的显示
MVC框架:struts2 + spring + hibernate
实现功能:后台管理系统中,每个登录的用户,有多个不同的角色,而每个角色都有不同的权限,针对每个用户所拥有的权限列表,根据其中菜单权限的等级进行划分归类,显示在操作菜单栏中。
菜单结构如下:
权限表设计如下:
涉及的实体有部门、用户、角色及权限 ,部门-用户 是一对多关系,用户-角色是多对多关系,角色-权限也是多对多关系。在权限表中,权限等级取值可以是 1 、2、3,分别代表一级菜单、二级菜单、三级菜单,父级权限编号可以找到父级权限 ,一级菜单的父级权限默认是0,通过查询这个字段也可以找出某个菜单的子一级菜单列表。
通过这样的设计,就可以在用户登录后,获取用户拥有的所有角色,再根据每个角色拥有的权限进行汇总筛选,去除掉角色之间可能重复的权限,组合成分层次的权限结构,最后返回到页面中,根据权限等级划分层次显示即可。
以下是实体类的代码:
import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.*; import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator; import com.ylzinfo.psBusiness.app.entity.power.JGInfo; import com.ylzinfo.psBusiness.app.entity.power.Role; @Entity @Table(name="SYS_USER") public class User { private String userid; // 用户ID(关键字) private String username; // 用户名(用户登录时的用户名 请确保登录名唯一) private String passwd; // 密码 private String realname; // 真实姓名 private String createtime; // 注册时间 private String lastlogontime;// 上次登陆时间 private String lockstate; // 账户锁定状态:0正常,1账户停用 private String loginedcount; // 已登陆次数 private String remark; // 备注 private JGInfo baz001;//所属部门 private String email;//邮箱地址 private String reset_pw;//重置密码验证码(格式:验证码_有效时间) private List<Role> roles;//角色列表 public User() { super(); } @Id @GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "uuid") public String getUserid() { return userid; } public void setUserid(String userid) { this.userid = userid; } @Column(name="username") public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } @Column(name="passwd") public String getPasswd() { return passwd; } public void setPasswd(String passwd) { this.passwd = passwd; } @Column(name="realname") public String getRealname() { return realname; } public void setRealname(String realname) { this.realname = realname; } @Column(name="createtime") public String getCreatetime() { return createtime; } public void setCreatetime(String createtime) { this.createtime = createtime; } @Column(name="lastlogontime") public String getLastlogontime() { return lastlogontime; } public void setLastlogontime(String lastlogontime) { this.lastlogontime = lastlogontime; } @Column(name="lockstate") public String getLockstate() { return lockstate; } public void setLockstate(String lockstate) { this.lockstate = lockstate; } @Column(name="loginedcount") public String getLoginedcount() { return loginedcount; } public void setLoginedcount(String loginedcount) { this.loginedcount = loginedcount; } @Column(name="remark") public String getRemark() { return remark; } public void setRemark(String remark) { this.remark = remark; } @Column(name="email") public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } @Column(name="reset_pw") public String getReset_pw() { return reset_pw; } public void setReset_pw(String resetPw) { reset_pw = resetPw; } @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinColumn(name = "baz001") public JGInfo getBaz001() { return baz001; } public void setBaz001(JGInfo baz001) { this.baz001 = baz001; } @ManyToMany(targetEntity = Role.class, fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinTable(name = "USER_ROLE", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "USER_ID"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "ROLE_ID")) public List<Role> getRoles() { return roles; } public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) { this.roles = roles; } }
import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.*; import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator; @Entity @Table(name="SYS_ROLE") public class Role implements Serializable{ /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private String role_id;//角色ID private String role_name;//角色名称 private Date cre_time;//创建时间 private String parent_id;//父级角色ID private String describe;//描述 private int sort;//排序序号 private List<Right> rights;//角色的权限列表 @Id @GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "uuid") public String getRole_id() { return role_id; } public void setRole_id(String roleId) { role_id = roleId; } @Column(name="role_name") public String getRole_name() { return role_name; } public void setRole_name(String roleName) { role_name = roleName; } @Column(name="cre_time") public Date getCre_time() { return cre_time; } public void setCre_time(Date creTime) { cre_time = creTime; } @Column(name="parent_id") public String getParent_id() { return parent_id; } public void setParent_id(String parentId) { parent_id = parentId; } @Column(name="describe") public String getDescribe() { return describe; } public void setDescribe(String describe) { this.describe = describe; } @Column(name="sort") public int getSort() { return sort; } public void setSort(int sort) { this.sort = sort; } @ManyToMany(targetEntity = Right.class, fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinTable(name = "ROLE_RIGHT", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "ROLE_ID"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "RIGHT_ID")) public List<Right> getRights() { return rights; } public void setRights(List<Right> rights) { this.rights = rights; } @Override public String toString() { return "Role [cre_time=" + cre_time + ", describe=" + describe + ", parent_id=" + parent_id + ", role_id=" + role_id + ", role_name=" + role_name + ", sort=" + sort + "]"; } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(obj.getClass() == this.getClass()) { if(this.getRole_id().equals(((Role)obj).getRole_id())) return true; else return false; } return super.equals(obj); } }
import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; import javax.persistence.Transient; import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator; @Entity @Table(name="SYS_RIGHTS") public class Right implements Serializable{ /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private String right_id;//权限ID private String right_name;//权限名称 private String url;//权限URL private String resource_path;//权限图片显示资源路径(可选) private String parent_id;//父级权限ID private String describe;//描述 private int lev;//权限等级 private Integer sort; //排序序号 private List<Right> rights; public Right(){ rights = new ArrayList(); } @Id @GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "uuid") public String getRight_id() { return right_id; } public void setRight_id(String rightId) { right_id = rightId; } @Column(name="right_name") public String getRight_name() { return right_name; } public void setRight_name(String rightName) { right_name = rightName; } @Column(name="url") public String getUrl() { return url; } public void setUrl(String url) { this.url = url; } @Column(name="resource_path") public String getResource_path() { return resource_path; } public void setResource_path(String resourcePath) { resource_path = resourcePath; } @Column(name="parent_id") public String getParent_id() { return parent_id; } public void setParent_id(String parentId) { parent_id = parentId; } @Column(name="describe") public String getDescribe() { return describe; } public void setDescribe(String describe) { this.describe = describe; } @Column(name="lev") public int getLev() { return lev; } public void setLev(int lev) { this.lev = lev; } //@Transient表示该属性并非一个到数据库表的字段的映射,ORM框架将忽略该属性 @Transient public List<Right> getRights() { return rights; } public void setRights(List<Right> rights) { this.rights = rights; } @Column(name="sort") public Integer getSort() { return sort; } public void setSort(Integer sort) { this.sort = sort; } @Override public String toString() { return "Right [describe=" + describe + ", lev=" + lev + ", parent_id=" + parent_id + ", resource_path=" + resource_path + ", right_id=" + right_id + ", right_name=" + right_name + ", url=" + url + "]"; } public boolean equals(Right obj) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(this.right_id.equals(obj.getRight_id())) return true; else return false; } }
最后是系统确认用户名及密码正确后,需要执行的操作,即加载及筛选合适的权限列表的核心算法。
public void initPower(){ //初始化一级菜单 List<Role> rlist = user.getRoles(); //获取用户的所有角色 List<Right> rightList = new ArrayList();//初始化返回到页面的权限List //遍历每一个角色,并获取每个角色拥有的一级菜单保存到权限列表中 for(Role role : rlist){ List<Right> rights = role.getRights(); for(Right rig : rights){ if(rig.getLev() == 1){ if(!rightList.contains(rig)) rightList.add(rig); } } } //初始化二级菜单 //同样遍历角色列表,拿出所有角色的二级子权限放入列表 for(Role role : rlist){ List<Right> rights = role.getRights(); for(Right rig : rights){ if(rig.getLev() == 2){ for(Right rig2 : rightList){ if(rig.getParent_id().equals(rig2.getRight_id())){ if(!rig2.getRights().contains(rig)) rig2.getRights().add(rig); } } } } } //初始化三级菜单 //再次遍历角色列表获取所有三级子权限放入到权限列表中 for(Role role : rlist){ List<Right> rights = role.getRights(); for(Right rig : rights){ if(rig.getLev() == 3){ for(Right rig2 : rightList){ for(Right rig3 : rig2.getRights()){ if(rig.getParent_id().equals(rig3.getRight_id())){ if(!rig3.getRights().contains(rig)) rig3.getRights().add(rig); } } } } } } //根据Right类的sort字段将一级菜单列表由小到大进行排序 Collections.sort(rightList, new ComparatorRight()); for(Right right:rightList){ //对每个一级菜单的二级子菜单进行排序 Collections.sort(right.getRights(),new ComparatorRight()); for(Right right2:right.getRights()){ //对每个二级菜单的三级子菜单进行排序 Collections.sort(right2.getRights(),new ComparatorRight()); } } //将用户所拥有的菜单权限列表保存到Session中 request.getSession().setAttribute("rights", rightList); }