Introduction and basic concepts

vocabulary

Phase

Definition

Classification

• Fluid vs Solid	Fluid vs Gas
  Proper volume/shape	Free surface (surface tension)
  No freedom between molecules	Occupies all the space available
  Does not flow. . .	Compressibility/expandability
  Fluid = isotropic medium	Density
  Compressibility	Dynamic viscosity (variation with T for a liquid)

  System

  Definition

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Objective

Study the energy exchanges between the system and its surroundings through the boundary.

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Composition of the system

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Exchanges through the boundary

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Some definitions

Physical parameters

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State

Intensive & Extensive

Example - separation

Example - mixture

Specificities

Dependencies

State function

Definitnion:

• Total exact differential : $df = (\frac{∂f}{∂x})_y dx +(\frac{∂f}{∂y})_x dy $
• Independent of the path : $∆f = f(B) − f(A) = \int_{A}^{B}{}df$∆f=f(B)−f(A)=∫AB​df
• Equality of mixed partials : $\frac{∂^2f}{ ∂x∂y} = \frac{∂^2f}{ ∂y∂x}$∂x∂y∂2f​=∂y∂x∂2f​

Rule of phases

Fundamental quantities

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Useful energies

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Process

Definition

Basic process

Specific process

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Reversibility

Definitinon

Reversible case

Irreversible case

Comparison