Nginx配置静态资源缓存时间及实现防盗链
-
环境
源主机：192.168.10.158
系统：centos 7.4
域名：www.wuxier.cn （跳转个人博客，点击试一试）
盗链主机：192.168.10.191（使用Nginx+Tomcat实现负载均衡、动静分离的实验主机，点我进行复盘）
系统：centos 7.4
域名：www.ajie.com 和 www.taobao.com - 创建软件包存放目录
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /root/software
[[email protected] ~]# cd /root/software/
[[email protected] software]# rz
rz waiting to receive.
Starting zmodem transfer. Press Ctrl+C to cancel.
Transferring jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz...
100% 181295 KB 7882 KB/sec 00:00:23 0 Errors
Transferring apache-tomcat-8.5.32.tar.gz...
100% 9360 KB 9360 KB/sec 00:00:01 0 Errors
[[email protected] software]# - 解压JDK到/user/local/
[[email protected] software]# tar xzvf jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/- 查看JAVA是否安装成功
[[email protected] software]# cd /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/
[[email protected] bin]# ./java -version
java version "1.8.0_181"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_181-b13)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.181-b13, mixed mode)
[[email protected] bin]# - 配置环境变量
[[email protected] bin]# vi /etc/profile #新增下面三行
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
[[email protected] bin]# source /etc/profile- 关闭selinux
[[email protected] bin]# getenforce
Enforcing
[[email protected] bin]# setenforce 0
[[email protected] bin]# getenforce
Permissive- 安装Nginx
[[email protected] bin]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# vim nginx.repo
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum install nginx
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# systemctl start nginx
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable nginx- 隐藏Nginx版本号
[[email protected] ~]# curl -I http://192.168.10.158
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.14.0 #版本号
Date: Thu, 23 Aug 2018 02:22:14 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Tue, 17 Apr 2018 15:48:00 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5ad61730-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
21 server_tokens off; #新增
22 access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart nginx
[[email protected] ~]# curl -I http://192.168.10.158
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx #版本号隐藏了
Date: Thu, 23 Aug 2018 02:24:46 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Tue, 17 Apr 2018 15:48:00 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5ad61730-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes- 在Nginx首页添加一张图片
[[email protected] conf.d]# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/
[[email protected] html]# rz
rz waiting to receive.
Starting zmodem transfer. Press Ctrl+C to cancel.
Transferring wuxier.jpg...
100% 5 KB 5 KB/sec 00:00:01 0 Errors
[[email protected] html]# cp index.html index.html.bak
[[email protected] html]# vi index.html #在首页中添加刚上传的图片
13 <body>
14 <img src=http://192.168.10.158/wuxier.jpg> #新增，wuxier.jpg就是刚上传的图片
15 <h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
16 <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
17 working. Further configuration is required.</p>
18
19 <p>For online documentation and support please refer to
20 <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
21 Commercial support is available at
22 <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
23
24 <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
25 </body>- 配置静态资源缓存时间
[[email protected] html]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf #新增以下内容
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|jpeg|bmp|ico|css)$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
expires 2d;
}[[email protected] html]# systemctl restart nginx -
修改windows的hosts文件
- 修改虚拟主机 www.wuxier.cn 的配置文件
[[email protected] conf.d]# pwd
/etc/nginx/conf.d
[[email protected] conf.d]# cp default.conf wuxier.conf
[[email protected] conf.d]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1206 Aug 23 10:53 default.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 283 Aug 23 12:12 wuxier.conf
[[email protected] conf.d]# cat wuxier.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.wuxier.cn;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|jpeg|bmp|ico|css)$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
expires 2d;
}
}[[email protected] conf.d]# systemctl restart nginx - 验证
- 当访问的是taobao1时，如下图
- 当访问的是taobao2时，如下图
- 源主机防盗链配置
[[email protected] conf.d]# cat wuxier.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.wuxier.cn;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
# location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|jpeg|bmp|ico|css)$ {
# root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# autoindex on;
# expires 2d;
# }
location ~*\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg)$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html; #图片路径
valid_referers none blocked *.wuxier.cn wuxier.cn *.ajie.com ajie.com; #可以访问图片的白名单
if ($invalid_referer) { #如果来路不是指定的白名单来路，则返回下面的图片
rewrite ^/ https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&quality=80&size=b9999_10000&sec=1535013233040&di=64a20c24bd1e4906ad2eb7205fe3abec&imgtype=0&src=http%3A%2F%2Fd.hiphotos.baidu.com%2Fexp%2Fw%3D480%2Fsign%3D7953092ec195d143da76e52b43f18296%2F8ad4b31c8701a18bbc22f762972f07082938fed6.jpg;
}
}
}
[[email protected] conf.d]# [[email protected] html]# systemctl restart nginx- 防盗链结果验证
- 当访问taobao1的时候，因为taobao1之前是使用了 www.wuxier.cn/wuxier.jgp 图片，所以会返回盗链的图片，如下图
- 当访问taobao2的时候，如下图
- 当访问 www.wuxier.cn 的时候，如下图（白名单）
- 当访问 www.ajie.com 的时候，如下图（白名单）
- 当从配置文件wuxier.conf中将*ajie.com和ajie.com从白名单中删除后，再进行访问
[[email protected] conf.d]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/wuxier.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.wuxier.cn;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
# location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|jpeg|bmp|ico|css)$ {
# root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# autoindex on;
# expires 2d;
# }
location ~*\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg)$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
valid_referers none blocked *.wuxier.cn wuxier.cn; #将*.ajie.com和ajie.com删除
if ($invalid_referer) {
rewrite ^/ https://timgsa.baidu.com/timg?image&quality=80&size=b9999_10000&sec=1535013233040&di=64a20c24bd1e4906ad2eb7205fe3abec&imgtype=0&src=http%3A%2F%2Fd.hiphotos.baidu.com%2Fexp%2Fw%3D480%2Fsign%3D7953092ec195d143da76e52b43f18296%2F8ad4b31c8701a18bbc22f762972f07082938fed6.jpg;
}
}
}
[[email protected] conf.d]# 访问结果如下