FFmpeg相机花图问题解决方法
一、问题现象
使用FFmpeg进行进行相机rtsp连接获取相机码流并解码在本地显示,这个过程中有遇见相机花图等问题,排查后发现有花图。正常情况下图像为

出现花图的情况时图像如下:

二、解决方法
1、设置相机参数--将影响网络传输和解码依赖性的参数都调低
拿海康相机为例:网页登陆相机192.168.1.252 输入默认用户名:admin密码:12345之后,登陆相机,选择“配置”->音视频 设置参数

将图像质量调到最低、帧率调低(25修改为12或8)、码率上限(最好为2MB以下)
2、修改rtsp连接方式
rtsp传输有以下几种方式:
UDP传输:Transport:RTP/AVP
TCP传输:Transport:RTP/AVP/TCP
RAW UDP传输:Transport:RAW/RAW/UDP
ffmpeg提供udp和tcp的支持
udp方法如下:
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AVDictionary* options = NULL;
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av_dict_set(&options, "rtsp_transport", "udp", 0);
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avformat_open_input(&m_pRtspFmt, m_szRtspUrl, NULL, &options);
tcp方法如下:
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AVDictionary* options = NULL;
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av_dict_set(&options, "rtsp_transport", "tcp", 0);
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avformat_open_input(&m_pRtspFmt, m_szRtspUrl, NULL, &options);
将连接修改为tcp连接 则能减少花屏,但会有一定程度上的卡顿。
3、增加udp连接方式缓冲区减少丢包
打开ffmpeg源码(我的博客里有怎么编译源码 http://blog.****.net/zhouyongku/article/details/44961447 )udp.c,可以做这样的实验
在方法2用udp传输的情况下 将udp.c中的UDP_MAX_PKT_SIZE 缩小10倍,再将编译好的ffmpeg库拿来用,则会发现花屏更加剧烈。于是将UDP_MAX_PKT_SIZE放大10倍,则基本上很难再出现花屏现象。
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#define UDP_TX_BUF_SIZE 32768
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#define UDP_MAX_PKT_SIZE (65536*10)
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#define UDP_HEADER_SIZE 8
4、多线程处理
测试过av_read_frame的耗时-发现在25帧/秒 4M比特流的情况下,av_read_frame耗时30~40ms,而解码也需要10ms左右,这就决定了1秒以内难以完成读取视频和解码视频的操作,即便是缓冲也不行,因为平均时间=25*(30~40+10)>1000ms。所以需要将读取rtsp码流作为一个线程,解码作为一个线程。下面是我封装好的存储rtsp线程码流的类
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/*******************************************************************
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* @版权信息:
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* @文件名称:PacketList.h
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* @摘 要:AVPacket列表管理类
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* @作 者:周勇
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* @当前版本:1.0.0
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* @日 期:2015年4月2日
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* @备 注:动态内存加载和释放
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*******************************************************************/
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#include "Common.h"
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class CPacketList
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{
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public:
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CPacketList();
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~CPacketList();
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public:
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BOOL InputPacket(AVPacket *pktIn);
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AVPacketList* GetPacket();
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void FreeAllPacket();
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protected:
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AVPacketList *m_pHead; //列表头
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AVPacketList *m_pLast; //列表尾
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UINT m_nItemCnt; //共有多少未读项
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UINT m_nInputNum;
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UINT m_nOutputNum;
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CRITICAL_SECTION m_cs;
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};
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#include "PacketList.h"
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CPacketList::CPacketList()
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{
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m_pHead = NULL;
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m_pLast = NULL;
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m_nItemCnt = 0;
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m_nInputNum = 0;
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m_nOutputNum = 0;
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InitializeCriticalSection(&m_cs);
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}
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CPacketList::~CPacketList()
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{
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}
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BOOL CPacketList::InputPacket(AVPacket *pktIn)
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{
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BOOL bRet = TRUE;
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EnterCriticalSection(&m_cs);
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if (m_nItemCnt <= PKT_QUE_SIZE)
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{
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AVPacketList *pList = new AVPacketList;
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av_copy_packet(&pList->pkt, pktIn);
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pList->next = NULL;
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m_nItemCnt++;
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if (NULL == m_pHead)
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{
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m_pHead = pList;
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}
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if (m_pLast)
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{
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m_pLast->next = pList;
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}
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m_pLast = pList;
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m_nInputNum++;
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}
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else
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{
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//FreeAllPacket();
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bRet = FALSE;
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}
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LeaveCriticalSection(&m_cs);
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return bRet;
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}
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AVPacketList* CPacketList::GetPacket( )
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{
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AVPacketList *pPkt = NULL;
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int nPos = 0;
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EnterCriticalSection(&m_cs);
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if (m_nItemCnt&&m_pHead)
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{
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pPkt = m_pHead;
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if (pPkt == m_pLast)
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{
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m_pLast = NULL;
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}
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m_pHead = pPkt->next;
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m_nItemCnt--;
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m_nOutputNum++;
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}
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LeaveCriticalSection(&m_cs);
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return pPkt;
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}
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void CPacketList::FreeAllPacket()
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{
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EnterCriticalSection(&m_cs);
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AVPacketList *pNext = NULL;
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while (m_pHead)
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{
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pNext = m_pHead->next;
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av_free_packet(&m_pHead->pkt);
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delete m_pHead;
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m_pHead = pNext;
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}
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m_pLast = NULL;
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m_nItemCnt = 0;
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LeaveCriticalSection(&m_cs);
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}
用法:
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CPacketList m_pktList;
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//读取rtsp码流线程
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void CIPCamera::ReadStream()
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{
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AVPacket pkt;
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av_init_packet(&pkt);
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if (0 == av_read_frame(m_pRtspFmt, &pkt))
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{
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if (m_nInViStreamIdx == pkt.stream_index)
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{
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//将读取到的视频包存入队列
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if (!m_pktList.InputPacket(&pkt))
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{
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LOG(LOG_ERROR, "Channel[0x%x]CIPCamera::RreadStream to inputpacket failed of buffer buff!", this, m_nChannelID);
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}
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}
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}
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av_free_packet(&pkt);
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}
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//从视频包队列中取包进行解码
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void CIPCamera::DecodeStream()
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{
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AVPacketList *pList = NULL;
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AVPacket *pPkt = NULL;
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pList = m_pktList.GetPacket();
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if (pList)
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{
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pPkt = &pList->pkt;
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//读取到的是视频包
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if (m_nInViStreamIdx == pPkt->stream_index)
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{
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//解码
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if (DecodePacket(pPkt, m_pavfrm))
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{
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SendToUser();
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}
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}
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//释放packet
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av_free_packet(pPkt);
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//释放list
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delete pList;
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}
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}
转自:http://blog.****.net/zhouyongku/article/details/44979159