如何在Outlook中自定义垃圾电子邮件和安全发件人

Junk Email is the folder where Outlook sends mail it thinks is spam. You can customize Outlook’s spam filter to block or whitelist senders or domains, or crank up the automatic filtering and delete spam automatically. Let’s see how.

垃圾电子邮件是Outlook发送它认为是垃圾邮件的文件夹。 您可以自定义Outlook的垃圾邮件过滤器，以阻止或将发件人或域列入白名单，或者加快自动过滤的速度并自动删除垃圾邮件。 让我们看看如何。

访问垃圾邮件选项 (Accessing Junk Email Options)

You can access the Junk Email options by clicking Home > Junk.

您可以通过单击主页>垃圾邮件来访问垃圾邮件选项。

The top four options will only be available if you’ve got a message selected in a folder, or if you have a message open and you click Message > Junk.

仅当您在文件夹中选择了一条消息，或者打开了一条消息并单击“消息”>“垃圾邮件”时，前四个选项才可用。

All of these options are also available from the context menu when you right-click a message.

当您右键单击一条消息时，所有这些选项也可以从上下文菜单中获得。

We’ll cover the top four options on this menu as we go through the article. For now, we’re interested in “Junk E-mail Options” at the bottom of the menu.

阅读本文时，我们将介绍此菜单上的前四个选项。 目前，我们对菜单底部的“垃圾邮件选项”感兴趣。

Click on this option to open the Junk Email Options panel.

单击此选项以打开“垃圾邮件选项”面板。

选项选项卡上的基本设置 (Basic Settings on the Options Tab)

The Options tab on the Junk Email window is where you can set Outlook’s junk email options for any message that comes in. Email marked as junk is sent directly to the Junk Email folder, and you can choose how aggressively Outlook marks emails as junk. By default, the junk email filter is set to “No Automatic Filtering,” so only emails from senders you’ve deliberately added to your Blocked Senders list will end up in the Junk Email folder.

在“垃圾邮件”窗口的“选项”选项卡上，您可以为传入的任何邮件设置Outlook的垃圾邮件选项。标记为垃圾邮件的电子邮件将直接发送到“垃圾邮件”文件夹，您可以选择Outlook如何积极地将电子邮件标记为垃圾邮件。 默认情况下，垃圾邮件过滤器设置为“不自动过滤”，因此只有您故意添加到“阻止的发件人”列表中的发件人的电子邮件才会最终出现在“垃圾邮件”文件夹中。

You can switch to “Low” to catch more obvious junk email, and this setting should be enough for most people. If you want Outlook to be more aggressive you can go for the “High” setting, but this is very likely to move some legitimate email to the Junk Email folder, so you’ll need to check it regularly. If a legitimate email does get sent to the Junk Email folder, you can train the filter not to view email from that sender as junk by selecting the message and clicking Home > Junk > Not Junk.

您可以切换到“低”以捕获更多明显的垃圾电子邮件，并且此设置对于大多数人来说应该足够了。 如果您希望Outlook更具攻击性，则可以选择“高”设置，但这很可能会将一些合法的电子邮件移至“垃圾电子邮件”文件夹，因此您需要定期检查它。 如果确实将合法电子邮件发送到“垃圾邮件”文件夹，则可以通过选择邮件并单击“主页”>“垃圾邮件”>“不是垃圾邮件”来训练过滤器，使其不以垃圾邮件形式查看来自该发件人的电子邮件。

A confirmation box will open telling you the mail will be moved to the Inbox and giving you the option to add the sender to the Safe Sender lists.

将打开一个确认框，告诉您邮件将被移至“收件箱”，并提供将发件人添加到“安全发件人”列表中的选项。

Going back to your Junk Email Options, the last level you can choose is “Safe Lists Only.” This will mark as junk any message from a sender or domain that isn’t in your Safe Senders list. This is a very restrictive setting, and you’ll need to check your Junk Email folder very regularly. However, over a suitably long period of time, it’s possible to train the junk filter quite well, especially if you have a low amount of email from unknown senders.

返回垃圾邮件选项，您可以选择的最后一个级别是“仅安全列表”。 这会将来自发件人或域的，不在“安全发件人”列表中的任何邮件标记为垃圾邮件。 这是一个非常严格的设置，您需要定期检查“垃圾邮件”文件夹。 但是，在相当长的一段时间内，可以很好地训练垃圾邮件过滤器，尤其是当来自未知发件人的电子邮件数量很少时。

Underneath the filter levels are two additional settings.

过滤器级别下面是两个附加设置。

The first of these, “Permanently delete suspected junk email instead of moving to the Junk Email folder,” is a setting that is probably most useful if you’ve set your filtering to “No Automatic Filtering.” That filter will only move mail from senders on your Blocked Senders list to Junk, and as they’re blocked, it’s probably fine for those emails to be permanently deleted. But at any other level of filtering—especially “High” or “Safe Senders Only”—there’s a very good chance that Outlook will pick up a “false positive” and mark a legitimate email as junk. If your junk email is set to be permanently deleted instead of moved to the Junk Email folder, you’ll lose legitimate email and never know it was there. Therefore we don’t recommend turning this setting on unless you’re very sure of what you’re doing.

其中第一个是“永久删除可疑的垃圾邮件，而不是移到垃圾邮件文件夹”，如果您将过滤设置为“无自动过滤”，则该设置可能最有用。 该过滤器只会将邮件从“已阻止的发件人”列表上的发件人移至“垃圾邮件”，并且由于被阻止，可以永久删除那些电子邮件。 但是，在任何其他级别的过滤(尤其是“高”或“仅安全发件人”)下，Outlook很有可能会收到“误报”并将合法电子邮件标记为垃圾邮件。 如果您将垃圾电子邮件设置为永久删除而不是移到“垃圾电子邮件”文件夹，则您将丢失合法电子邮件，并且永远不会知道它在那里。 因此，除非您非常确定自己在做什么，否则我们不建议您打开此设置。

The second option, “Warn me about suspicious domain names in emails addresses (recommended),” is Outlook’s anti-phishing tool, and it’s only available (and will be turned on by default) if you switch the junk email filtering on. This means switching from “No Automatic Filtering” to “Low,” “High,” or “Safe Senders Only.” Once this option is switched on, Outlook will start filtering potential phishing emails. As this is quite an important tool, we’ll let Microsoft explain what it will do.

第二个选项“警告我有关电子邮件地址中的可疑域名(推荐)”是Outlook的反网络钓鱼工具，并且仅当您打开垃圾邮件筛选功能时才可用(默认情况下将启用)。 这意味着从“不自动过滤”切换为“低”，“高”或“仅安全发件人”。 启用此选项后，Outlook将开始过滤潜在的网络钓鱼电子邮件。 由于这是非常重要的工具，因此我们将让Microsoft解释其功能 。

We’ve talked about phishing emails for years, shown you how to use software features to help stop phishing attempts, and reported on new initiatives to help separate the legitimate mail from the phishing mail. We’re unsure why such a useful tool isn’t a) turned on by default and b) more widely publicized by Microsoft, but it isn’t.

多年来，我们一直在讨论网络钓鱼电子邮件 ，向您展示了如何使用软件功能来阻止网络钓鱼企图 ，并报告了一些新措施，以帮助将合法邮件与网络钓鱼邮件分开 。 我们不确定为什么这样一个有用的工具不是a)默认情况下处于打开状态，b)Microsoft更加广泛地宣传了，但事实并非如此。

If you’re using Outlook in your office, your administrators may be using anti-phishing technology of which you’re not aware. But if you’re using Outlook for a personal account, we recommend you turn this on. Setting the junk filter level to “Low” and switching on “Warn me about suspicious domain names in emails addresses (recommended)” will make you safer.

如果您在办公室中使用Outlook，则您的管理员可能正在使用您不知道的反网络钓鱼技术。 但是，如果您将Outlook用于个人帐户，我们建议您将其打开。 将垃圾过滤器级别设置为“低”，然后打开“向我警告电子邮件地址中的可疑域名(推荐)”，将使您更加安全。

管理安全发件人 (Managing Safe Senders)

The next tab, Safe Senders, contains the list of individuals and domains that Outlook will never treat as junk email.

下一个标签“安全发件人”包含Outlook永远不会将其视为垃圾电子邮件的个人和域的列表。

If you clicked Home > Junk > Not Junk for a message that was in the Junk Email folder, and accepted the option to add the sender to the Safe Senders list, this is where their address will end up. You can also mark a sender as “safe” by clicking Home > Junk > Never Block Sender (or Never Block Sender’s Domain if you want all emails from that domain to bypass the junk filters).

如果单击“主页”>“垃圾邮件”>“不是垃圾邮件”以获取位于“垃圾邮件”文件夹中的邮件，并且接受了将发件人添加到“安全发件人”列表中的选项，则这将是其地址的结尾。 您还可以通过单击“主页”>“垃圾邮件”>“从不阻止发件人”(如果希望来自该域的所有电子邮件绕过垃圾邮件过滤器，则从不阻止发件人的域)将发件人标记为“安全”。

If you want to make sure that a particular address or domain is added to the safe sender’s list, click the Add button.

如果要确保将特定地址或域添加到安全发件人列表中，请单击“添加”按钮。

This will open up a window where you can type the address or domain to be added.

这将打开一个窗口，您可以在其中键入要添加的地址或域。

This is fine for one or two addresses or domains, but quite time consuming if you’ve got a large number to add. To make things a bit quicker, you have the option to import a list of senders and domains, or to export a list of your existing safe senders and domains.

对于一个或两个地址或域来说，这很好，但是如果要添加大量地址，则非常耗时。 为了使操作更快一些，您可以选择导入发件人和域的列表，或者导出现有安全发件人和域的列表。

Importing a list is great, but if you don’t have a list in the right format, it’s not very helpful. Luckily, Outlook only expects a text file with a list of senders and domains separated by a return, and that’s easy to put together. You can either export this information from another mail program or write it yourself, which is a lot quicker than clicking “Add,” entering the details, clicking “OK,” and then repeating that process for every sender. As a safe senders list can take a long time to build up, you might want to consider exporting your list now and then in case you need to reinstall Outlook or install it on another machine. It’ll save you a lot of time and keep your junk mail filter the way you want it if you ever move to a new version of Outlook.

导入列表很不错，但是如果您没有正确格式的列表，它就不会很有帮助。 幸运的是，Outlook只期望一个文本文件，其中包含发件人和域的列表，并用返回符将其分隔开，并且很容易组合在一起。 您可以从另一个邮件程序导出此信息，也可以自己编写它，这比单击“添加”，输入详细信息，单击“确定”然后对每个发件人重复该过程要快得多。 由于安全的发件人列表可能需要很长时间才能建立，因此您可能需要考虑立即导出列表，以防万一需要重新安装Outlook或将其安装在另一台计算机上。 如果您迁移到新版本的Outlook，它将节省大量时间，并使垃圾邮件过滤器保持所需的状态。

You can also use the import/export options to make bulk changes or removals. Export the list, make your changes (or remove entries) in your text editor of choice and import the new list. The Import process doesn’t wipe the the existing entries before importing the new ones, and it treats changes as new entries (for example, if you change an entry from ebay.co.uk to ebay.com, it will add ebay.com, rather than replacing ebay.co.uk) so you’ll need to empty the list before importing your amended list. To do this, select the top entry, hold down the SHIFT key, and select the last entry. This will select all of the entries in the list. Then click Remove to delete all of the safe senders ready for your import.

您也可以使用导入/导出选项进行批量更改或删除。 导出列表，在您选择的文本编辑器中进行更改(或删除条目)，然后导入新列表。 导入过程不会在导入新条目之前擦除现有条目，并且会将更改视为新条目(例如，如果将条目从ebay.co.uk更改为ebay.com，它将添加ebay.com ，而不是替换ebay.co.uk)，因此您需要先清空列表，然后再导入修改后的列表。 为此，选择顶部的条目，按住SHIFT键，然后选择最后一个条目。 这将选择列表中的所有条目。 然后单击删除以删除准备好导入的所有安全发件人。

The last two options on the page help you add senders to the list automatically by making some sensible assumptions.

页面上的最后两个选项通过做出一些明智的假设，可以帮助您自动将发件人添加到列表中。

Switching on “Also trust email from my Contacts” means that mail from an address that is in your Outlook contacts will be let through without being filtered into the junk email. Effectively, this turns your contacts list into a second Safe Senders list without you having to manually add all the addresses to the Safe Senders list yourself.

启用“也信任来自我的联系人的电子邮件”意味着来自Outlook联系人中某个地址的邮件将被允许通过，而不会被过滤到垃圾电子邮件中。 实际上，这使您的联系人列表变成了第二个“安全发件人”列表，而无需您自己手动将所有地址添加到“安全发件人”列表中。

Switching on “Automatically add people I mail to the Safe Senders list” means that anyone you mail will be considered a safe sender, on the basis that it’s normal to receive a reply to a mail you sent. However, this is not always the case, because you might be replying to someone to tell them to stop mailing you (like a unsubscribe mail) so this option should be used with caution.

启用“自动将我邮寄的人员添加到安全发件人列表”，这意味着您收到的任何人都将被视为安全发件人，因为通常会收到对您发送的邮件的回复。 但是，情况并非总是如此，因为您可能正在回复某人以告诉他们停止向您发送邮件(例如退订邮件)，因此应谨慎使用此选项。

管理安全收件人 (Managing Safe Recipients)

The next tab, Safe Recipients, is somewhat confusing. You don’t have control of how a recipient will treat your mail, so it can’t be for that. It doesn’t block you from sending mail to any address on the list. So, what’s it for? Safe Recipients are actually mailing lists to which you belong. Normally the “To” address for a mailing list is the name of the list (e.g., [email protected]) and adding this to the Safe Recipients list makes sure that these emails aren’t treated as junk.

下一个选项卡“安全收件人”有些混乱。 您无法控制收件人如何处理您的邮件，因此并非如此。 它不会阻止您将邮件发送到列表中的任何地址。 那么，这是为了什么呢？ 安全收件人实际上是在邮寄您所属的列表 。 通常，邮件列表的“收件人”地址是列表的名称(例如[email protected])，并将其添加到“安全收件人”列表中可确保这些电子邮件不会被视为垃圾邮件。

Otherwise, the options are the same as they are for Safe Senders. You can mark a mailing list as “safe” by clicking Home > Junk > Never Block this Group or Mailing List if you want emails from that list or group to bypass the junk filters.

否则，这些选项与“安全发件人”的选项相同。 如果您希望该列表或组中的电子邮件绕过垃圾过滤器，则可以通过单击主页>垃圾>永不阻止此组或邮件列表，将邮件列表标记为“安全”。

阻止发件人 (Blocking Senders)

The Blocked Senders tab is where you add individual addresses or whole domains that you consider to be junk mail. Anything added in here will go straight to the Junk Email folder.

在“阻止的发件人”选项卡中，您可以添加被视为垃圾邮件的单个地址或整个域。 此处添加的所有内容都会直接进入“垃圾邮件”文件夹。

The options are the same as they are for Safe Senders, with the ability to add, edit and remove entries, as well as import and export lists of addresses and domains. You can also add a sender or their domain to the Blocked Senders list when you have a message selected by going to Home > Junk > Block Sender

这些选项与“安全发件人”相同，具有添加，编辑和删除条目以及导入和导出地址和域列表的功能。 选择邮件后，您还可以将发件人或其域添加到“阻止的发件人”列表中，方法是转至首页>垃圾邮件>阻止发件人

Any emails that end up in the Junk Email folder, whether from blocked senders or because Outlook has determined that the mail is probably junk, will have any links disabled and the contents of the mail set to plain text. Outlook displays a message telling you this in any message you open from the Junk Email folder.

任何以“垃圾邮件”文件夹结尾的电子邮件，无论是来自被阻止的发件人，还是由于Outlook确定该邮件可能为垃圾邮件，都将禁用任何链接，并将邮件内容设置为纯文本。 Outlook在“垃圾邮件”文件夹中打开的任何邮件中都会显示一条消息，告诉您这一点。

Note: If you add a sender to both the Safe Senders and Blocked Senders list, the Safe Senders list takes priority, and emails from the sender will arrive in your inbox.

注意：如果将发件人添加到“安全发件人”和“阻止发件人”列表中，则“安全发件人”列表将具有优先权，来自该发件人的电子邮件将到达您的收件箱。

阻止*域和编码 (Blocking Top Level Domains and Encodings)

The final tab, International, lets you block country-level domains and emails in specific encodings.

最后一个标签为“国际”，可让您阻止国家/地区级域名和特定编码的电子邮件。

Click “Blocked Top-Level Domain List” to open the panel of the same name. This lets you select country domains to block.

单击“阻止的*域列表”以打开相同名称的面板。 这使您可以选择要阻止的国家/地区域名。

If you wanted to block emails from Andorra, for example, you’d tick the “AD (Andorra)” checkbox and then click “OK.” Outlook would then treat mail from a domain ending “.ad” as junk.

例如，如果您想阻止来自安道尔的电子邮件，请选中“ AD(Andorra)”复选框，然后单击“确定”。 然后，Outlook将来自以“ .ad”结尾的域中的邮件视为垃圾邮件。

This is useful if you get a lot of junk mail from a particular country domain, such as .cc (Cocos Islands), which at the time of writing has the highest number of ISPs that enable spamming. Unless you’re expecting to get a legitimate email from that country domain, you can go ahead and add it to the junk domain list. Bear in mind that this won’t stop all email that originates in the Cocos Islands—just mails from a domain that ends with.cc. So if you’re sick of receiving spam from Russian spammers, blocking .ru will only block them if their domain ends with .ru. A Russian spammer operating from a .com domain wouldn’t be affected by blocking the .ru domain.

如果您从某个特定的国家/地区域接收到大量垃圾邮件，例如.cc(可可群岛)，在撰写本文时， 该垃圾邮件拥有支持垃圾邮件的ISP数量最多，则这很有用。 除非您期望从该国家/地区域收到合法电子邮件，否则可以继续将其添加到垃圾域列表中。 请记住，这不会阻止所有来自Cocos Islands的电子邮件-只是来自以.cc结尾的域的邮件。 因此，如果您厌倦了接收来自俄罗斯垃圾邮件发送者的垃圾邮件，则仅当其域名以.ru结尾时，阻止.ru才会阻止它们。 从.com域运行的俄罗斯垃圾邮件发送者不会受到阻止.ru域的影响。

If you want to block a particular geographical area, you can block entire encodings by clicking “Blocked Encodings List.” This lets you select email encodings to block.

如果要阻止特定的地理区域，可以通过单击“阻止的编码列表”来阻止整个编码。 这使您可以选择要阻止的电子邮件编码。

Encodings are a big topic on their own so we won’t cover them here (Wikipedia has a good article on them if you want to know more), except to say that broadly, encodings determine how a character is represented digitally. Different encodings represent characters differently, and your email client (and your browser) can translate between (some) of the character sets, a process known as transcoding. If you regularly receive junk mail in a particular encoding, you can block that encoding by selecting it in the Blocked Encodings List and clicking “OK.” If you’re not sure what encodings are or how to find out what encodings your received emails are in, you probably shouldn’t set anything in here, as you could stop yourself getting legitimate mails.

编码本身就是一个大话题，因此我们不会在这里讨论它们(如果您想了解更多，Wikipedia上有一篇很好的文章 )，只是要广泛地说编码决定了数字字符的表示方式。 不同的编码表示字符的方式也不同，您的电子邮件客户端(和浏览器)可以在(某些)字符集之间进行翻译，这一过程称为代码转换。 如果您经常收到特定编码的垃圾邮件，则可以通过在“阻止的编码”列表中选择该编码并单击“确定”来阻止该编码。 如果您不确定所使用的编码是什么或如何确定接收到的电子邮件所使用的编码，则可能不应该在此处设置任何内容，因为这样可能会阻止您收到合法邮件。

These junk mail settings are a useful way of keeping your inbox clean and under control. If you put the effort in to block senders as you get emails you consider junk, then over time you’ll have a lot less rubbish in your inbox and a little less stress in your life.

这些垃圾邮件设置是使收件箱保持整洁并受到控制的有用方法。 如果您在收到您认为是垃圾的电子邮件时竭力阻止发件人，那么随着时间的流逝，收件箱中的垃圾就会少很多，生活中的压力也会少一些。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/398852/how-to-customise-junk-email-and-safe-senders-in-outlook/