关于ssh框架的搭建问题,记录详细流程
新手入门,记录下在使用Struts时遇到的问题,以防忘记。以下内容以登录功能为例。
代码内容为转载,文章内容主要是为记录本人遇到的问题。
1、建立Struts工程
1.首先要下载Struts2.5.13需要用的包,网上许多地方可以下载,就不赘言。下载完后,将其中的如下所示的包直接复制到自己的工程中的WEB-INF/lib中
2.在src新建RegisterAction类,内容如下
package com.ssh.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.ssh.beans.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserManager;
import com.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl;
public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private UserForm user;
private UserManager userManager;
public UserForm getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(UserForm user) {
this.user = user;
}
public UserManager getUserManager() {
return userManager;
}
public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {
this.userManager = userManager;
}
public String execute() {
try {
this.setUserManager(new UserManagerImpl());
userManager.regUser(user);
System.out.println("success");
return SUCCESS;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return ERROR;
}
}
}
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.ssh.beans.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserManager;
import com.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl;
public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private UserForm user;
private UserManager userManager;
public UserForm getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(UserForm user) {
this.user = user;
}
public UserManager getUserManager() {
return userManager;
}
public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {
this.userManager = userManager;
}
public String execute() {
try {
this.setUserManager(new UserManagerImpl());
userManager.regUser(user);
System.out.println("success");
return SUCCESS;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return ERROR;
}
}
}
此处要注意自己将该类放置的包路径,因为接下来的struts.xml配置文件中需要用到,如果错了,会出现如
Unable to load configuration
这样的错误,本人在此处纠结了很久
3.在src目录下创建struts.xml文件,文件内容如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<include file="struts-default.xml" />
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="register" class="com.ssh.action.RegisterAction"> <!--注意此处类路径别写错,坑-->
<result name="input">/Register.jsp</result>
<result name="success">/Success.jsp</result>
<result name="error">/Fail.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<include file="struts-default.xml" />
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="register" class="com.ssh.action.RegisterAction"> <!--注意此处类路径别写错,坑-->
<result name="input">/Register.jsp</result>
<result name="success">/Success.jsp</result>
<result name="error">/Fail.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
4.用户表单类UserForm.java的内容
package com.ssh.beans;
public class UserForm {
private String username;
private String password;
private int gender;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(int gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
}
public class UserForm {
private String username;
private String password;
private int gender;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(int gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
}
5.业务逻辑接口UserManager.java的内容
package com.ssh.service;
import com.ssh.beans.UserForm;
public interface UserManager {
public void regUser(UserForm user);
}
import com.ssh.beans.UserForm;
public interface UserManager {
public void regUser(UserForm user);
}
6.业务逻辑实现类UserManagerImpl.java的内容
package com.ssh.serviceImpl;
import com.ssh.beans.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserManager;
public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {
@Override
public void regUser(UserForm user) {
}
}
import com.ssh.beans.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserManager;
public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {
@Override
public void regUser(UserForm user) {
}
}
7.接着定义web.xml文件,配置过滤器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SSHTest</display-name>
<!-- 添加Struts2的过滤器,对于不同版本的Struts,filter-class可能不同-->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts-prepare</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts-execute</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts-prepare</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts-execute</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SSHTest</display-name>
<!-- 添加Struts2的过滤器,对于不同版本的Struts,filter-class可能不同-->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts-prepare</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts-execute</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts-prepare</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts-execute</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
8.最后是三个jsp页面文件
Register.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>User Register Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="register">
<s:textfield name="user.username" label="用户名"></s:textfield>
<s:password name="user.password" label="密码"></s:password>
<s:select list="#{'1':'男','0':'女'}" listKey="key" listValue="value"
name="user.gender" label="性别" value="1"></s:select>
<s:submit value="注册"></s:submit>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>User Register Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="register">
<s:textfield name="user.username" label="用户名"></s:textfield>
<s:password name="user.password" label="密码"></s:password>
<s:select list="#{'1':'男','0':'女'}" listKey="key" listValue="value"
name="user.gender" label="性别" value="1"></s:select>
<s:submit value="注册"></s:submit>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
Fail.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>failure!</h1>
</body>
</html>
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>failure!</h1>
</body>
</html>
Success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>success!</h1>
</body>
</html>
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>success!</h1>
</body>
</html>
附完成以上操作后的程序目录图如下
注意细节,按照上述流程将工程内容配置好,Struts框架就可以跑起来。
2、在Struts基础上整合Hibernate
1.操作步骤:
1.整合hibernate,我使用的是hibernate5.2.5,此处要注意版本问题,和文章不同版本的hibernate可能会出现运行错误。hibernate的jar包如下:
2.接着在上面项目的基础上添加com.ssh.dao和com.ssh.daoImpl包。分别建立BaseDao接口和UserDao类
3.在数据库中创建对应的表user来写入要注册的用户。创建表的sql脚本如下:
create table user(
userId int auto_increment,
userName varchar(16) not null,
password varchar(16) not null,
gender int not null,
primary key(userId)
);
userId int auto_increment,
userName varchar(16) not null,
password varchar(16) not null,
gender int not null,
primary key(userId)
);
- 创建user表的
Hibernate
映射文件。因为这里要创建user表
对应的POJO类
,所以我这里把之前com.ssh.beans
包改成com.ssh.forms
包,用来存放页面传过来的表单数据,新创建com.ssh.beans
包,用来创建POJO对象
来对应数据库中的表。路径:POJO类同目录
。 - 建立Hibernate配置文件。路径:
src目录下
。 - 编写
Session工厂类
。整合Spring
后,数据源的创建和SessionFactory
的创建都交给Spring
去管理,就无需这个工厂类了,临时创建在daoImpl
包里面。 - 修改业务逻辑实现类。
3.编写代码
3.1BaseDao.java的内容如下:
package com.ssh.dao;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
public interface BaseDao {
public Session getSession();
public void setSession(Session session);
public void saveObject(Object obj)throws HibernateException;
}
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
public interface BaseDao {
public Session getSession();
public void setSession(Session session);
public void saveObject(Object obj)throws HibernateException;
}
3.2实体类User.java的内容
package com.ssh.beans;
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
private int gender;
private int userId;
public int getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(int userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(int gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
}
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
private int gender;
private int userId;
public int getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(int userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(int gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
}
3.3POJO类UserDao.java的内容
package com.ssh.daoimpl;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import com.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
public class UserDao implements BaseDao {
private Session session;
@Override
public Session getSession() {
return session;
}
@Override
public void setSession(Session session) {
this.session = session;
}
@Override
public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {
session.save(obj);
}
}
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import com.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
public class UserDao implements BaseDao {
private Session session;
@Override
public Session getSession() {
return session;
}
@Override
public void setSession(Session session) {
this.session = session;
}
@Override
public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {
session.save(obj);
}
}
3.4POJO类User.java的Hibernate映射文件User.hbm.xml的内容
代码
<generator class="native"></generator>
说明将根据本地数据库的设置来创建userId
,如MySQL中将表user
的userId
设置为自动增长,则在保存记录是,userId
将自动增长。对于需要在程序中指定主键的值,则将generator
的class属性设置为assigned
。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<hibernate-mapping package="com.ssh.beans">
<class name="User" table="user">
<id name="userId" column="userId">
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="username" column="userName" type="java.lang.String"
not-null="true" length="16"></property>
<property name="password" column="password" type="java.lang.String"
not-null="true" length="16" />
<property name="gender" column="gender" type="java.lang.Integer" length="1" />
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<hibernate-mapping package="com.ssh.beans">
<class name="User" table="user">
<id name="userId" column="userId">
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="username" column="userName" type="java.lang.String"
not-null="true" length="16"></property>
<property name="password" column="password" type="java.lang.String"
not-null="true" length="16" />
<property name="gender" column="gender" type="java.lang.Integer" length="1" />
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
3.5
Hibernate
的配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml
的内容,放在src目录下
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- Database connection settings -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">密码?</property>
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<mapping resource="com/ssh/beans/User.hbm.xml"/> <!-- 坑,原先mapping class="……"各种报错 -->
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- Database connection settings -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">密码?</property>
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<mapping resource="com/ssh/beans/User.hbm.xml"/> <!-- 坑,原先mapping class="……"各种报错 -->
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
3.6工厂类
SessionFactory
的内容。
不同的hibernate版本编写有些不同,这里我用hibernate5.2.5配置的时候按照hibernate配置的出了经典的问题 unknown entity 请看这篇文章-传送门,下面附上正确的代码
package com.ssh.daoimpl;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.boot.MetadataSources;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
public class HibernateSessionFactory {
private static final ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();
//加载默认的src下的hibernate.cfg.xml
private static final Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
private static SessionFactory sessionFaction;
public static Session currentSession()throws HibernateException{
// 创建Session
Session session = threadLocal.get();
if (session == null||session.isOpen()==false) {
if (sessionFaction==null) {
try {
sessionFaction = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
//System.out.println("HibernateSessionFactory---sessionfactory:"+sessionFaction);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
session=sessionFaction.openSession();
//System.out.println("HibernateSessionFactory--session:"+session);
threadLocal.set(session);
}
return session;
}
public static void closeSession()throws HibernateException{
Session session= threadLocal.get();
threadLocal.set(null);
if (session!=null) {
session.close();
}
}
//public static void main(String []args){
// Session session = currentSession();
// System.out.println("session:"+session);
//}
}
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.boot.MetadataSources;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
public class HibernateSessionFactory {
private static final ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();
//加载默认的src下的hibernate.cfg.xml
private static final Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
private static SessionFactory sessionFaction;
public static Session currentSession()throws HibernateException{
// 创建Session
Session session = threadLocal.get();
if (session == null||session.isOpen()==false) {
if (sessionFaction==null) {
try {
sessionFaction = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
//System.out.println("HibernateSessionFactory---sessionfactory:"+sessionFaction);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
session=sessionFaction.openSession();
//System.out.println("HibernateSessionFactory--session:"+session);
threadLocal.set(session);
}
return session;
}
public static void closeSession()throws HibernateException{
Session session= threadLocal.get();
threadLocal.set(null);
if (session!=null) {
session.close();
}
}
//public static void main(String []args){
// Session session = currentSession();
// System.out.println("session:"+session);
//}
}
3.7修改后的业务逻辑实现类
UserManagerImpl
的内容。
package com.ssh.serviceImpl;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.ssh.beans.User;
import com.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
import com.ssh.daoimpl.HibernateSessionFactory;
import com.ssh.daoimpl.UserDao;
import com.ssh.forms.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserManager;
public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {
private UserDao dao;
private Session session;
public UserManagerImpl() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
dao=new UserDao();
}
@Override
public void regUser(UserForm userForm) {
session = HibernateSessionFactory.currentSession();
System.out.println("UserManegerImpl---session:" + session);
dao.setSession(session);
// 获取事务
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
// 构造uer对象
User user = new User();
user.setUsername(userForm.getUsername());
user.setPassword(userForm.getPassword());
user.setGender(userForm.getGender());
// 保存对象
dao.saveObject(user);
// 提交事务
transaction.commit();
HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
User userForm = new User();
userForm.setGender(1);
userForm.setPassword("12121212");
userForm.setUsername("zjz");
HibernateSessionFactory.currentSession().save(userForm);
// new UserManagerImpl().regUser(userForm);
}
}
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.ssh.beans.User;
import com.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
import com.ssh.daoimpl.HibernateSessionFactory;
import com.ssh.daoimpl.UserDao;
import com.ssh.forms.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserManager;
public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {
private UserDao dao;
private Session session;
public UserManagerImpl() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
dao=new UserDao();
}
@Override
public void regUser(UserForm userForm) {
session = HibernateSessionFactory.currentSession();
System.out.println("UserManegerImpl---session:" + session);
dao.setSession(session);
// 获取事务
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
// 构造uer对象
User user = new User();
user.setUsername(userForm.getUsername());
user.setPassword(userForm.getPassword());
user.setGender(userForm.getGender());
// 保存对象
dao.saveObject(user);
// 提交事务
transaction.commit();
HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
User userForm = new User();
userForm.setGender(1);
userForm.setPassword("12121212");
userForm.setUsername("zjz");
HibernateSessionFactory.currentSession().save(userForm);
// new UserManagerImpl().regUser(userForm);
}
}
按上述流程走完,运行Register.jsp页面进行注册,跳转到成功页面,查看数据库中数据,数据增加了。此外我不小心把其中一个包daoimpl命名城小写了,大家最好改成大写daoImpl,还有有一些代码好像又是daoImpl,代码不一致导致的错误大家就看着修改了。
还有一个问题,在按上述流程走完,且代码没有提示错误,运行时会出错,具体错忘了是什么,是关于UserDao的,即你的代码UserDao改完了,可是运行时UserDao却是没修改前的,那是因为你的JVM里运行的UserDao没改变。运行代码时记得按project的clean一下,清除一下JVM即可。
3.在Struts + Hibernate项目中整合Spring整合Spring
- 接下来【参考博主】整合Spring的步骤:
- 1.将Spring内libs目录下包含所有的jar包(不需要复制结尾为sources和javadoc的jar包)到SSHProject项目的lib目录下。
- 2.编写Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml。路径:src目录下,需要在web.xml配置context-param指定路径,或者把该文件放在WEB-INF下,跟web.xml同目录。这里由于Spring配置数据源的需要,需要把Hibernate内lib/optional/c3p0下的c3p0-0.9.1.jar复制到lib下。
- 3.修改BaseDao和UserDao。在引入Spring后,需要用Spring进行统一的事务管理,数据源和sessionFactory都交给Spring去生成,因此接口类和实现类BaseDao和UserDao都需要做相应的修改。Spring提供了HibernateDaoSupport类来完成对数据的操作,因此UserDao在实现BaseDao的同时还需要继承HibernateDaoSupport;类。并将先前获取session的操作修改为getSessionFactory().openSession()方法。(这个好像没有关系到Spring事务管理)
- 4,修改业务逻辑实现类。在没有加入Spring之前,业务逻辑实现类的Session的获得,dao的实例化,以及事务的管理都是该类执行管理的。加入Spring后,这些都交给Spring去管理。该类的dao的实例化由Spring注入。
- 5.修改用户注册的RegisterAction类。同样,RegisterAction类中的userManager的实例化也由Spring注入。
- 6.删除Hibernate的配置文件Hibernate.cfg.xml和工厂类HibernateSesseionFactory类。他们的工作已经交给Spring去做,已经不再有用。(整合Spring、Hibernate)
- 7.修改web.xml,加载Spring。要想启动时加载Spring的配置文件,需要在web.xml中配置对应的监听器(listenser),并制定Spring的配置文件。
-
8.修改Struts的配置文件struts.xml。把原来指定的名为register的action的class由原来的路径变为applicationContext.xml文件中该Action的id。
总的jar包如下:
- applicationContext.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 定义数据源的信息 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClass">
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<property name="jdbcUrl">
<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost/test</value>
</property>
<property name="user">
<value>root</value>
</property>
<property name="password">
<value>密码?</value>
</property>
<property name="maxPoolSize">
<value>80</value>
</property>
<property name="minPoolSize">
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property name="initialPoolSize">
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property name="maxIdleTime">
<value>20</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!--定义Hibernate的SessionFactory -->
<!-- SessionFactory使用的数据源为上面的数据源 -->
<!-- 指定了Hibernate的映射文件和配置信息 -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref local="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>com/ssh/beans/User.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hiberante.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">false</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<bean id="baseDao" class="com.ssh.daoImpl.UserDao">
<property name="sessionFactory">
<ref bean="sessionFactory" />
</property>
</bean>
<!--用户注册业务逻辑类 -->
<bean id="userManager" class="com.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl">
<property name="dao">
<ref bean="baseDao" />
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 用户注册的Action -->
<bean id="registerAction" class="com.ssh.action.RegisterAction">
<property name="userManager">
<ref bean="userManager" />
</property>
</bean>
<!-- more bean definitions go here -->
</beans>
-
修改后的接口类Dao和实现类UserDao的内容。
BaseDao.java
package com.ssh.dao;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
public interface BaseDao {
public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException;
}
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
public interface BaseDao {
public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException;
}
- UserDao.java
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import com.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
public class UserDao extends HibernateDaoSupport implements BaseDao {
@Override
public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {
getSessionFactory().openSession().save(obj);
}
}
4.修改后的业务逻辑实现类UserManagerImpl的内容。
package com.ssh.serviceImpl;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import com.ssh.beans.User;
import com.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
import com.ssh.forms.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserManager;
public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {
private BaseDao dao;
public void setDao(BaseDao dao) {
this.dao = dao;
}
@Override
public void regUser(UserForm userForm) throws HibernateException {
User user = new User();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(userForm, user);
dao.saveObject(user);
}
}
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
import com.ssh.beans.User;
import com.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
import com.ssh.forms.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserManager;
public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {
private BaseDao dao;
public void setDao(BaseDao dao) {
this.dao = dao;
}
@Override
public void regUser(UserForm userForm) throws HibernateException {
User user = new User();
BeanUtils.copyProperties(userForm, user);
dao.saveObject(user);
}
}
5.修改后的用户注册Action类RegisterAction的内容。
package com.ssh.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.ssh.forms.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserManager;
public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private UserForm user;
private UserManager userManager;
public UserForm getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(UserForm user) {
this.user = user;
}
public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {
this.userManager = userManager;
}
public String execute() {
try {
userManager.regUser(user);
return SUCCESS;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return ERROR;
}
}
}
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.ssh.forms.UserForm;
import com.ssh.service.UserManager;
public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private UserForm user;
private UserManager userManager;
public UserForm getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(UserForm user) {
this.user = user;
}
public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {
this.userManager = userManager;
}
public String execute() {
try {
userManager.regUser(user);
return SUCCESS;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return ERROR;
}
}
}
- 修改后的web.xml的内容
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SSH</display-name>
<!-- 添加Struts2的过滤器,对于不同版本的Struts,filter-class可能不同-->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts-prepare</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts-execute</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts-prepare</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts-execute</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
- 修改后的Struts配置文件struts.xml的内容
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
<package name="com" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
<action name="register" class="registerAction">
<result name="input">/Register.jsp</result>
<result name="success">/Success.jsp</result>
<result name="error">/Fail.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
总结
- 一开始遇到过整合时Jar缺少,在遇到错误时,直接搜问题,补充Jar包。
- Hibernate3与Hibernate4之间的区别,Hibernate3是getHibernateTemplate()来获取Session,Hibernate4用getSessionFactory().openSession()
- 检验,RegisterAction-validation.xml validator-1.0.2-dtd 的改变
- 定义Bean-sessionFactory,Bean-transactionManager所调用的class
-
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
struts.xml试试这句话的效果,有可能导致Spring无法管理Struts(I Guess). -
Spring整合Hibernate时:有可能找不到cfg文件
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param> - Spring整合Struts时,有可能没找到Struts-default.xml:
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>struts-default.xml,struts-plugin.xml,struts.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
最后:
框架玩的就是Jar包、配置,对初学者可能会有挑战性。希望本人的项目SSHShop对有需要的人有所帮助。
附整个项目目录结构图如下: