RedHat EL5 安装Oracle 10g RAC之--系统环境配置(1)
系统环境:
操作系统:RedHat EL5
Cluster: Oracle CRS 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle: Oracle 10.2.0.1.0
如图所示:RAC 系统架构
一、操作系统环境
1、网络配置(在所有节点)
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/hosts
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# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail. 127.0. 0.1 localhost
192.168. 8.21 node1 ;节点 1 主机名
192.168. 8.23 node1-vip
10.10. 10.21 node1-priv
192.168. 8.22 node2 ;节点 2 主机名
192.168. 8.24 node2-vip
10.10. 10.22 node2-priv
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2、共享磁盘配置(在所有节点)
对于Oracle 10g RAC,OCR和VOTE DISK、DataBase需建立在共享存储设备上;OCR和VOTE DISK必须以raw的方式管理,而存放DataBase的磁盘必须以ASM的方式管理。
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l
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Disk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 25 200781 83 Linux
/dev/sdc2 26 50 200812 + 83 Linux
/dev/sdc3 51 2610 20563200 5 Extended
/dev/sdc5 51 549 4008186 83 Linux
/dev/sdc6 550 1048 4008186 83 Linux
/dev/sdc7 1049 1422 3004123 + 83 Linux
/dev/sdc8 1423 1796 3004123 + 83 Linux
/dev/sdc9 1797 2046 2008093 + 83 Linux
/dev/sdc10 2047 2610 4530298 + 83 Linux
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建立RAW设备:
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# Enter raw device bindings here. # An example would be: # ACTION== "add" , KERNEL== "sda" , RUN+= "/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
# ACTION== "add" , ENV{MAJOR}== "8" , ENV{MINOR}== "1" , RUN+= "/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8 , minor 1.
ACTION== "add" , KERNEL== "sdc1" , RUN+= "/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION== "add" , KERNEL== "sdc2" , RUN+= "/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION== "add" , KERNEL== "sdc5" , RUN+= "/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION== "add" , KERNEL== "sdc6" , RUN+= "/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION== "add" , KERNEL== "sdc7" , RUN+= "/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
ACTION== "add" , KERNEL== "sdc8" , RUN+= "/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"
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设置RAW设备权限:
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KERNEL== "raw1" , OWNER= "oracle" , GROUP= "oinstall" , MODE= "660"
KERNEL== "raw2" , OWNER= "oracle" , GROUP= "oinstall" , MODE= "660"
KERNEL== "raw3" , OWNER= "oracle" , GROUP= "oinstall" , MODE= "660"
KERNEL== "raw4" , OWNER= "oracle" , GROUP= "oinstall" , MODE= "660"
KERNEL== "raw5" , OWNER= "oracle" , GROUP= "oinstall" , MODE= "660"
KERNEL== "raw6" , OWNER= "oracle" , GROUP= "oinstall" , MODE= "660"
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启动RAW设备:
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[[email protected] soft]# start_udev Starting udev: [ OK ] [[email protected] soft]# raw -aq /dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 8 , minor 33
/dev/raw/raw2: bound to major 8 , minor 34
/dev/raw/raw3: bound to major 8 , minor 37
/dev/raw/raw4: bound to major 8 , minor 38
/dev/raw/raw5: bound to major 8 , minor 39
/dev/raw/raw6: bound to major 8 , minor 40
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查看RAW设备:
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[[email protected] soft]# ls -l /dev/raw total 0
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162 , 1 May 5 17 : 12 raw1
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162 , 2 May 5 17 : 12 raw2
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162 , 3 May 5 17 : 12 raw3
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162 , 4 May 5 17 : 12 raw4
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162 , 5 May 5 17 : 12 raw5
crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162 , 6 May 5 17 : 12 raw6
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建立Oracle用户和组(所有节点):
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[[email protected] ~]# id oracle uid= 200 (oracle) gid= 200 (oinstall) groups= 200 (oinstall), 201 (dba)
注意:所有节点user ID和group id一致! [[email protected] ~]# su - oracle [[email protected] ~]$ cat .bash_profile # .bash_profile # Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi # User specific environment and startup programs
export EDITOR=vi export ORACLE_SID=prod1 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/ 10.2. 0 /db_1
export ORA_CRS_HOME=/u01/crs_1 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin umask 022
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3、配置系统内核参数(在所有节点)
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[[email protected] soft]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
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内核参数修改生效:
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[[email protected] ~]# sysctl -p net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmall = 268435456
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
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用户资源访问限制:
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[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
[[email protected] ~]#cat /etc/profile if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi |
配置认证模块:
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
配置节点间心跳:
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/rc.local
options hangcheck-timer hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180
4、配置时间同步(NTP)
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node1 作为ntp server ,node2 作为ntp client 配置如下: node1: [[email protected] ~]# chkconfig --list |grep time daytime-dgram: off
daytime-stream: off
time-dgram: off
time-stream: off
[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig time-dgram on
[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig time-stream on
[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig ntpd on
[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig xinetd on
[[email protected] ~]# service ntpd start Starting ntpd: [ OK ] node2: [[email protected] asm]# crontab -l 0 -59 / 1 * * * * /usr/bin/rdate -s 192.168. 8.21 >/dev/ null 2 >& 1
0 -59 / 1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168. 8.21 >/dev/ null 2 >& 1
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5、配置yum 安装所需的软件包(所有节点)
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以RedHat 安装光盘作为yum仓库: [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# cat yum.repo [base] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux baseurl=file: ///media/Server
enabled= 1
gpgcheck= 0
gpgkey= 安装软件包: [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum install -y libXp* Installed: libXp.i386 0 : 1.0. 0 -8.1. el5 libXp-devel.i386 0 : 1.0. 0 -8.1. el5
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum install -y libaio* [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum install -y sysstat* Installed: sysstat.i386 0 : 7.0. 2 -3. el5
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum install -y unix* Installed: unixODBC.i386 0 : 2.2. 11 -7.1 unixODBC-devel.i386 0 : 2.2. 11 -7.1 unixODBC-kde.i386 0 : 2.2. 11 -7.1 [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum install -y compat* Installed: compat-dapl.i386 0 : 2.0. 25 -2. el5 compat-dapl-devel.i386 0 : 2.0. 25 -2. el5
compat-dapl- static .i386 0 : 2.0. 25 -2. el5 compat-dapl-utils.i386 0 : 2.0. 25 -2. el5
compat-db.i386 0 : 4.2. 52 -5.1 compat-openldap.i386 0 : 2.3. 43_2 .2.29 -12. el5
compat-readline43.i386 0 : 4.3 -3 compat-slang.i386 0 : 1.4. 9 -27.2. 2 Dependency Installed: libibverbs.i386 0 : 1.1. 3 -2. el5 libnes.i386 0 : 0.9. 0 -2. el5 librdmacm.i386 0 : 1.0. 10 -1. el5
openib.noarch 0 : 1.4. 1 -5. el5
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--未完,待续
本文转自 客居天涯 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/tiany/1407760,如需转载请自行联系原作者