MyBatis笔记四之一对一关联映射
一对一关系推荐使用唯一主外键关联,即两个表使用外键关联,由于是一对一关联,因此还需要给外键增加unique唯一约束。
下面我们以每个人只有一张身份证,一个身份证对应一个人为例。
1、在数据库mybatis中新建两张表,并插入一条数据,表结构如下:
表数据如下:
2、在mybatis项目中的pojo目录下新建与两个表相对应的pojo对象。
package pojo;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Card implements Serializable{
private Integer id;
private String code;
public Card(){}
public Card(String code){
this.code = code;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}
}
package pojo;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Person implements Serializable{
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Card card;
public Person(){}
public Person(String name,Card card){
this.name = name;
this.card = card;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Card getCard() {
return card;
}
public void setCard(Card card) {
this.card = card;
}
}
3、在mapping目录下新建两个对象的映射文件
mapping/CardMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="mapping.CardMapper">
<select id="selectCardById" parameterType="int" resultType="pojo.Card">
select*from card where id = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
mapping/PersonMapper.xml,在这里使用了<association/>元素映射一对一的关联关系,select属性表示会使用column属性的card_id值作为参数执行CardMapper中定义的selectCardById查询对的Card数据,查询出的数据将封装到property表示的card对象当中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="mapping.PersonMapper">
<!-- 设置返回的对象 -->
<resultMap type="pojo.Person" id="personResult">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="name" column="name"/>
<!-- 一对一关联 select的值对应CardMapper.xml的命名空间+select的id-->
<association property="card" column="card_id" javaType="pojo.Card" select="mapping.CardMapper.selectCardById"/>
</resultMap>
<!-- 查询person -->
<select id="selectPersonById" parameterType="int" resultMap="personResult">
select*from person where id = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
4、编写mapper接口,与mapper映射文件在同级目录***意,这里的类名需与配置文件中的namespace一致,而方法名和参数也必须与xml文件中<select/>标签的id属性和parameterType属性一致,
package mapping;
import pojo.Person;
public interface PersonMapper {
Person selectPersonById(Integer id);
}
5、在mybatis-config配置文件下声明刚刚创建的两个映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 指定所有日志的具体实现 -->
<settings>
<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
</settings>
<!-- 环境配置 -->
<environments default="mysql">
<environment id="mysql">
<!-- 指定事务管理类型 -->
<transactionManager type="JDBC" />
<!-- 配置数据源,POOLED是JDBC连接对象的数据源连接池的实现 -->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- mappers告诉mybatis找持久化类的映射文件 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mapping/UserMapper.xml"/>
<mapper resource="mapping/PersonMapper.xml"/>
<mapper resource="mapping/CardMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
6、编写一个工厂类用于读取mybatis-config配置文件并生成对应的SqlSession
package factory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
public class MyFactory {
private static SqlSessionFactory ssf = null;
static{
try {
InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
ssf = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//获取SqlSession的静态方法
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
return ssf.openSession();
}
//获取SqlSessionFactory的静态方法
public static SqlSessionFactory getSqlSessionFactory(){
return ssf;
}
}
7、编写一对一的测试类
package reflectTest;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import factory.MyFactory;
import mapping.PersonMapper;
import pojo.Person;
public class OneToOne {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
SqlSession session = MyFactory.getSqlSession();
PersonMapper pm = session.getMapper(PersonMapper.class); //通过代理对象访问
Person p = pm.selectPersonById(1); //查询id为1的person信息
System.out.println(p.getId()+":"+p.getName());
System.out.println(p.getCard().getId()+":"+p.getCard().getCode());
session.commit();
session.close();
}
}
运行结果:
注意:mapper的接口代理对象一定要与映射文件处于同一级目录,否则会报错