Linux里的一些基本操作（内含图形界面卡死的处理方法）

0.输入法调整

Application ----->System Tools -----> Settings ------> Rejion&language -----> Input source ---->+ ---->Chinese ---->Pinyin

shift 是切换语言的方式

1.复制粘贴

复制：选中
粘贴：鼠标中键

2.虚拟机控制命令

[[email protected] ~]$ rht-vmctl start desktop 　　　　 ##开启
Starting desktop.
[[email protected] ~]$ rht-vmctl view desktop 　　　　 ##显示
[[email protected] ~]$ rht-vmctl poweroff desktop 　　　　##关闭
Powering off desktop…
[[email protected] ~]$ rht-vmctl reset desktop 　　　　 ##重置
Are you sure you want to reset desktop? (y/n) y 按【y】表示同意重置
Powering off desktop.
Resetting desktop.
Creating virtual machine disk overlay for rh124-desktop-vda.qcow2
Creating virtual machine disk overlay for rh124-desktop-vdb.qcow2
Starting desktop. 　　　　　　　　 ##重置后自动开启
[[email protected] ~]$ rht-vmctl view desktop

报错分析

0
[[email protected] ~]$ rht-vmctl start desktop
Error: desktop not started (is already running) 　　　　##虚拟机正在运行

1
[[email protected] ~]$ rht-vmctl view desktop
Error: unable to view desktop - not currently running. 　　　　##虚拟机未运行，不能显示

2
[[email protected] ~]$ rht-vmctl star desktop 　　　　##参数错误（start）

This utility manages the Red Hat Training supplied VMs on the local
hypervisor.

Usage: rht-vmctl [-q|–quiet] VMCMD VMNAME [DATETIME]
rht-vmctl -h|–help

where VMCMD is one of:
view - launches console viewer of VMNAME
start - obtain and start up VMNAME
stop - stop a running VMNAME
poweroff - if running, force stop VMNAME
reset - poweroff, return to saved or original state, start VMNAME
save - stop, save image, start VMNAME (to DATETIME)
restore - poweroff, restore to save (to DATETIME), start VMNAME
listsaves - list the saves of VMNAME
status - display libvirt status of VMNAME
get - if not here, obtain VMNAME from server
remove - remove VMNAME from system
fullreset - poweroff, reobtain from server, start VMNAME (bad save/image)

3
[[email protected] ~]$ rht-vmctl start delktpo 　　　　　##虚拟机名称错误
Error: unrecognized VMNAME specified, delktpo.

3.系统登陆

1.图形登陆模式

普通用户

username：student
password：student

超级用户

username：root
password：redhat
登陆方式
not listed ---->root —redhat

2.文本界面登陆

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7.0(Maiop) 　　　##系统版本
Kernel 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 on an x86_64 　　　##内核版本

desktop0 login: <—输入用户名称
password: <—输入密码（输入密码时没有回显，为了安全）

当图形出现问题

0.ctrl + alt + F2 进入到虚拟控制台（F2-F6）回到图形（F1|F7）
1.超级用户登陆
2.输入init 3 　　　##关闭图形
3.登陆用户
4.输入init 5 　　　##开启图形