OpenCV视频读取播放,视频转换为图片
懒得看过程的直接拽到最底下看代码,复制粘贴改改参数就能用。我用的opencv3.0.0
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OpenCV视频读取播放,视频转换为图片
介绍几个有关视频读取的函数:
VideoCapture::VideoCapture
VideoCapture可以从文件中或者摄像头中读取视频,这是提供给C++的接口的,C的接口是CvCapture结构。
- <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>C++: VideoCapture::VideoCapture(conststring& filename)
- C++: VideoCapture::VideoCapture(int device)
上面是初始化VideoCapture对象的,第一个是从文件中读取,第二个是从设备中读取,默认设备在这里是0;
例子:
- <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>VideoCapturecapture(“sample.avi”); //读取sample.avi文件
- VideoCapturecapture(0);//如果只有一个摄像头,capture会得到摄像头的视频。
VideoCapture::Open
打开视频文件或者视频设备(例如摄像头)。
- C++:bool VideoCapture::open(const string& filename)
- C++:bool VideoCapture::open(int device)
例子:
- VideoCapturecapture;
- capture.open(“sample.avi”);//这里的两句等效于上面的VideoCapturecapture(“sample.avi”),capture.open(0);是一样的
注意:
上面的视频文件打开,用完后,最好调用capture.release();来关闭刚刚打开的文件
VideoCapture::release
C++: void VideoCapture::release()
调用该方法关闭刚刚打开的文件。
VideoCapture::isOpened
判断视频是否被打开。
- C++:bool VideoCapture::open(const string& filename)
- C++:bool VideoCapture::open(int device)
成功打开,返回ture;否则false;
VideoCapture::grab
从视频文件中或者设备中获取下一帧,
- C++:bool VideoCapture::grab()
该方法成功调用返回ture;主要用于多摄像头情况下,特别当那些摄像头没有实现硬件同步。grab之后,需要调用retrive对获取的帧进行解码。
VideoCapture::retrieve
- <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>C++:bool VideoCapture::retrieve(Mat& image, int channel=0)
对grab()得到的帧进行解码。
VideoCapture::read
获取,解码,这个方法结合了grab和retrieve,这个方法比较方便,
- C++:VideoCapture& VideoCapture::operator>>(Mat& image)
- C++: bool VideoCapture::read(Mat& image)
例子1:
- if(!capture.read(frame))
- {
- cout<< "读取视频失败" << endl;
- return-1;
- }
例子2:
- capture >>frame;
这两个方法都可以,不过第一个能够判断,建议使用第一个,程序更健壮。
VideoCapture::get
返回VideoCapture的一些属性
- C++: double VideoCapture::get(int propId)
probId可以是下面的:
· CV_CAP_PROP_POS_MSEC Currentposition of the video file in milliseconds or video capture timestamp.
· CV_CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES 0-basedindex of the frame to be decoded/captured next.
· CV_CAP_PROP_POS_AVI_RATIO Relativeposition of the video file: 0 - start of the film, 1 - end of the film.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH Width of theframes in the video stream.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT Height ofthe frames in the video stream.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FPS Frame rate.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FOURCC 4-charactercode of codec.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT Number offrames in the video file.
· CV_CAP_PROP_FORMAT Format ofthe Mat objects returned by retrieve() .
· CV_CAP_PROP_MODE Backend-specificvalue indicating the current capture mode.
· CV_CAP_PROP_BRIGHTNESS Brightnessof the image (only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_CONTRAST Contrast ofthe image (only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_SATURATION Saturationof the image (only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_HUE Hue of theimage (only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_GAIN Gain of theimage (only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_EXPOSURE Exposure(only for cameras).
· CV_CAP_PROP_CONVERT_RGB Booleanflags indicating whether images should be converted to RGB.
· CV_CAP_PROP_WHITE_BALANCE Currentlynot supported
· CV_CAP_PROP_RECTIFICATION Rectificationflag for stereo cameras (note: only supported by DC1394 v 2.x backendcurrently)
VideoCapture::set
设置VideoCapture的属性:
- C++: bool VideoCapture::set(int propId, double value)
设置的probId和上面的get一样。
下面的是视频读取和将视频内的画面转化为图片的代码,里面的注释应该足够解释了。
- #include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
- #include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
- #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
- #include <iostream>
- using namespace std;
- using namespace cv;
- int main()
- {
- //打开视频文件:其实就是建立一个VideoCapture结构
- VideoCapture capture("G:\\视频分析入门练习\\视频分析入门练习 - 附件\\sample.avi");
- //检测是否正常打开:成功打开时,isOpened返回ture
- if (!capture.isOpened())
- cout << "fail toopen!"<< endl;
- //获取整个帧数
- long totalFrameNumber = capture.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT);
- cout << "整个视频共" << totalFrameNumber << "帧" << endl;
- //设置开始帧()
- long frameToStart = 1;
- capture.set(CV_CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES, frameToStart);
- cout << "从第" <<frameToStart << "帧开始读" << endl;
- //设置结束帧
- int frameToStop = totalFrameNumber;
- if (frameToStop < frameToStart)
- {
- cout << "结束帧小于开始帧,程序错误,即将退出!" << endl;
- return -1;
- }
- else
- {
- cout << "结束帧为:第" << frameToStop << "帧" << endl;
- }
- //获取帧率
- double rate = capture.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FPS);
- cout << "帧率为:" << rate<< endl;
- //定义一个用来控制读取视频循环结束的变量
- bool stop = false;
- //承载每一帧的图像
- Mat frame;
- //两帧间的间隔时间:
- //int delay = 1000/rate;
- double delay = 1000 / rate;
- //利用while循环读取帧
- //currentFrame是在循环体中控制读取到指定的帧后循环结束的变量
- long currentFrame = frameToStart;
- while (!stop)
- {
- //读取下一帧
- if(!capture.read(frame))
- {
- cout << "读取视频失败" << endl;
- return -1;
- }
- cout << "正在写第" << currentFrame << "帧" << endl;
- stringstream str;
- str<<"G:\\拆分后的图片\\" <<currentFrame << ".jpg";
- cout << str.str() << endl;
- imwrite(str.str() , frame);
- if (currentFrame > frameToStop)
- {
- stop = true;
- }
- currentFrame++;
- }
- //关闭视频文件
- capture.release();
- waitKey(0);
- return 0;
- }
结果:
读取后的图片,因为图片很多,上面代码在设置的时候,只读取了30帧