电容损坏 会引起短路_短路会损坏硬盘驱动器吗？

电容损坏 会引起短路

There are few things that can compare with the sinking feeling you get when you go to turn your computer on and it quickly dies a moment later due to hardware problems. With that issue in mind, today’s SuperUser Q&A post has the answer to a stressed-out reader’s question.

几乎没有什么东西可以与您打开计算机时所产生的沉没感相提并论，由于硬件问题，计算机很快就死了。 考虑到这个问题，今天的SuperUser Q＆A帖子可以解决压力很大的读者的问题。

Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites.

今天的“问答”环节由SuperUser提供，它是Stack Exchange的一个分支，该社区是由社区驱动的Q＆A网站分组。

问题 (The Question)

SuperUser reader Baris Usakli wants to know if a short circuit could damage a hard disk drive:

超级用户阅读器Baris Usakli想知道短路是否会损坏硬盘驱动器：

Everything was working fine until one day when my computer would shut down a split second after the power button was pressed. All the fans would start spinning and the lights would come on, but then everything would go dark half a second later. After this happened, pressing the power button had no effect. The only way to get my computer started again was to unplug the power cord, then plug it back in.

一切正常，直到有一天我按下电源按钮后计算机瞬间关闭。 所有风扇将开始旋转，灯会亮起，但随后半秒钟后一切都会变暗。 发生这种情况后，按电源按钮无效。 重新启动计算机的唯一方法是拔下电源线，然后重新插入。

I suspected the power supply was the cause at first, so I bought another one, but I still faced the same issue. I unplugged everything and reseated the RAM/GPU and drives. After doing that, my computer booted and I thought I was good to go, but then I noticed my secondary hard disk drive was no longer working.

我最初怀疑是电源问题，所以我又买了一个，但仍然遇到同样的问题。 我拔下所有电源，重新安置了RAM / GPU和驱动器。 完成此操作后，我的计算机启动了，我认为我感觉很好，但是随后我发现辅助硬盘驱动器不再工作。

It was not visible in BIOS or Windows. I replaced the hard disk drive with another one, but after a while, the original issue came back. So I reseated everything again and was able to boot back up, but to my horror, the new hard disk drive was dead as well. At this point, I thought maybe something was shorting the system out, so I took everything out of the case including the motherboard. To my surprise, there was a loose screw stuck between the back of the motherboard and the case.

在BIOS或Windows中不可见。 我用另一个硬盘驱动器替换了硬盘驱动器，但是一段时间后，原来的问题又回来了。 因此，我重新设置了所有内容并能够重新启动，但令我感到恐惧的是，新的硬盘驱动器也已失效。 在这一点上，我认为可能是系统短路了，所以我从机箱中取出了所有东西，包括主板。 令我惊讶的是，主板背面和机壳之间有一块松动的螺丝钉住。

I removed the screw, put everything back together, and now the power down issue no longer occurs, but I am not 100 percent sure that the system is stable. Is it possible that a screw causing a short circuit can damage hard disk drives? My operating system’s drive is an SSD and it is running fine. The ones that “died” are regular 1 TB hard disk drives.

我卸下了螺丝，将所有部件放回原处，现在不再出现掉电问题，但我不能百分百确定系统是否稳定。 引起短路的螺钉是否有可能损坏硬盘驱动器？ 我的操作系统的驱动器是SSD，并且运行良好。 “死”的是常规的1 TB硬盘驱动器。

Can a short circuit damage a hard disk drive?

短路会损坏硬盘驱动器吗？

答案 (The Answer)

SuperUser contributors David Schwartz, eckes, and gronostaj have the answer for us. First up, David Schwartz:

超级用户贡献者David Schwartz，eckes和gronostaj为我们提供了答案。 首先，David Schwartz：

Yes, it is definitely possible. For example, the screw could short out the +5V line to the +12V line and fry the hard disk drive’s onboard controller.

是的，绝对有可能。 例如，螺钉可能会将+ 5V线短路到+ 12V线，然后炸开硬盘驱动器的板载控制器。

Followed by the answer from eckes:

接下来是eckes的回答：

Yes, it can. A hard disk drive can fail indirectly. Hard disk drives that have been used for a long time tend to fail at the next reboot/startup (caused by a short circuit or normal power switch). Other possibilities are a surge from a wall socket or induction after a short circuit reached the hard disk drive’s electronics or controller. Note that there should be all kinds of fuses, diodes, capacitors, and shielding in place so that an electrical problem does not spread, but cheap hardware tends to be commonplace.

是的，它可以。 硬盘驱动器可能会间接故障。 长时间使用的硬盘驱动器在下次重新启动/启动时往往会发生故障(由短路或正常电源开关引起)。 其他可能的原因是硬盘驱动器的电子设备或控制器短路后，墙上插座或感应器产生的电涌。 请注意，应放置各种保险丝，二极管，电容器和屏蔽罩，以使电气问题不会蔓延，但廉价的硬件却很普遍。

There is also the problem of (logically) corrupt sectors if the power fails while writing. This should also be covered by the hard disk drive, spinning just long enough to finish writing the data, but it may not succeed though. Such corruption might result in transient read errors, and it might require some disk repair work or special tools to refresh the sector(s) in question.

如果在写入时断电，还存在(逻辑上)损坏扇区的问题。 这也应该由硬盘驱动器覆盖，其旋转时间足以完成数据写入，但是可能不会成功。 这样的损坏可能会导致短暂的读取错误，并且可能需要进行一些磁盘修复工作或特殊的工具才能刷新相关的扇区。

It is typically hard to know the exact reason, but a screw connecting the main board’s power lines with a grounded chassis (or with each other) does sound like a probable cause for a short circuit, which could cause damage to the hard disk drive (which it should not do).

通常很难知道确切的原因，但是将主板电源线与接地的机箱(或彼此接地)连接的螺钉听起来确实很可能引起短路，这可能会损坏硬盘驱动器(它不应该这样做)。

I do want to add that your computer’s “symptoms” could also mean that the hard disk drive died, then short circuited the computer, or that the power supply unit was overloaded with the hard disk drive’s demand for power at startup.

我确实要补充一句，您计算机的“症状”还可能意味着硬盘驱动器死了，然后使计算机短路，或者电源启动时硬盘驱动器对电源的需求过大。

With our final answer from gronostaj:

来自gronostaj的最终答案是：

Yes! I have lost two hard disk drives due to a short circuit. It was quite spectacular. An integrated circuit at the bottom of one exploded, resulting in a loud bang, a little fireball, and a nice crater.

是! 由于短路，我丢失了两个硬盘驱动器。 非常壮观。 一个人的底部的集成电路爆炸了，导致很大的砰砰声，一点火球和一个漂亮的火山口。

Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.

有什么补充说明吗？ 在评论中听起来不错。 是否想从其他精通Stack Exchange的用户那里获得更多答案？ 在此处查看完整的讨论线程 。

Image Credit: gronostaj (SuperUser)

图片来源： gronostaj(超级用户)

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/305275/can-a-short-circuit-damage-a-hard-drive/

电容损坏 会引起短路