Nginx+tomcat+spring-session+Redis实现会话管理和共享
利用nginx实现负载均衡后，如何在多台tomcat之间共享session，才能保证分发处理客户端请求的时候，客户端不会因为session的问题，出现一直退出和会话共享的问题，这里我们使用redis来存储共享会话。(注：cookie是保存在客户端的，session是保存在服务器端)
这里我们先搭建springmvc+spring-session+redis框架，下面贴下源代码
pom.xml配置
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.etc</groupId>
<artifactId>springrs</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
<version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-commons</artifactId>
<version>2.0.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
<version>2.0.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
<version>2.0.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-session-core</artifactId>
<version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-session-data-redis</artifactId>
<version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-impl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>springrs</finalName>
<plugins>
<!-- 配置Maven的JDK编译级别,不然创建工程的时候会有默认的jdk环境，在libraries下的J2SE-1.5,加这个build声明，就可以改为jdk1.8的运行环境-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.*"/>
<context:annotation-config />
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
spring-ssion.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<bean id="jedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
<property name="maxIdle" value="10" /><!-- 最大空闲连接数, 默认8个 -->
<property name="maxTotal" value="20" /><!-- 最大连接数, 默认8个 -->
<property name="blockWhenExhausted" value="true" />
<!-- 连接耗尽时是否阻塞,
false报异常,ture阻塞直到超时, 默认true -->
<property name="maxWaitMillis" value="1000" />
<!-- 获取连接时的最大等待毫秒数(如果设置为阻塞时BlockWhenExhausted),如果超时就抛异常,
小于零:阻塞不确定的时间, 默认-1 -->
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="true" />
<!-- 在获取连接的时候检查有效性,默认false -->
</bean>
<!-- redis连接配置，依次为主机ip，端口，密码，是否使用池，连接池配置引用 -->
<bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory">
<property name="hostName" value="ip地址"/>
<property name="port" value="6379"/>
<property name="password" value="redis密码"/>
<property name="poolConfig" ref="jedisPoolConfig"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置spring-session -->
<bean class="org.springframework.session.data.redis.config.annotation.web.http.RedisHttpSessionConfiguration">
<!-- session过期时间,单位是秒 -->
<property name="maxInactiveIntervalInSeconds" value="30"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
web.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- spring session的过滤器配置，注意此过滤器必须放在其他过滤器之前 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>springSessionRepositoryFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSessionRepositoryFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- springmvc配置 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
home.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<c:out value="${login}"/>:8080
<form action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/index/login.do" method="post">
用户名<input name="userName" value="admin"/><br/>
密码<input name="userPwd" value="admin"/><br/>
<input type="submit"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
${login}
</body>
</html>
IndexController.class
package com.etc.action;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/index")
public class IndexController{
@RequestMapping("/login")
public ModelAndView index(@RequestParam(value="userName")String userName,@RequestParam(value="userPwd")String userPwd,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("/index");
if("admin".equals("admin")&&"admin".equals("admin")){
//保存到会话,使用spring-session，在restful接口中传递的时候，sessionid是放在http报文头部
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("userName", "admin");
session.setAttribute("userPwd", "admin");
modelAndView.addObject("login", "Login Success "+":admin,sessionId:"+session.getId());
}else{
modelAndView.addObject("login", "Login Fail ");
}
return modelAndView;
}
@RequestMapping("/home")
public ModelAndView home(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("/home");
/*String value = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get("ns");
System.out.println(value);
userService.getUser();*/
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
String userName = (String)session.getAttribute("userName");
String userPwd = (String)session.getAttribute("userPwd");
if((userPwd != null)&&(userName != null)){
modelAndView.addObject("login", "Login Success "+":admin,sessionId:"+session.getId());
}else{
modelAndView.addObject("login", "not login");
}
return modelAndView;
}
}
部署、运行项目
点击提交
查看redis数据库，是否保存此sessionId，而且这里保存到redis数据，是完全由spring来控制
每一个会话都创建三组数据
"spring:session:expirations:1555939500000"，这是Set结构，表示过期时间记录
"spring:session:sessions:expires:821b0198-a222-40ff-933d-96a8c060b702"，String结构，用于TTL过期时间记录
"spring:session:sessions:821b0198-a222-40ff-933d-96a8c060b702"，hash结构，spring session的主要存储内容，这里面
createTime：session存储时间
lastAccessedTime：最近一次访问时间
sessionAttr:userPwd和sessionAttr:userName：保存在会话的属性
maxInactiveInterval：超时时间，如果值为0或者负数，那就永远不会超时
用Redis Desktop Manager windows版本连接redis数据库
之前用spring做测试的时候，把session存储在redis的过期时间设置太小了，以致于数据保存时间过短，现在我们把设置过期时间设置长一些。
<!-- 配置spring-session -->
<bean class="org.springframework.session.data.redis.config.annotation.web.http.RedisHttpSessionConfiguration">
<!-- session过期时间,单位是秒 -->
<property name="maxInactiveIntervalInSeconds" value="3000"></property>
</bean>
在会话不超时，有效期内，访问home.do，spring依然能够帮我们管理session
部署到Nginx集群环境中，一台nginx 80端口，另外两台tomcat，分别是8080和8081端口。
我们来看下nginx的配置
有一个地方需要注意，spring项目中的redis ip地址配置，无论是写真实ip或者127.0.0.1，都会报错，connect timeout之类的错误信息。改为localhost，就能正常启动，这个也比较奇怪，还没调查出来原因。
我们通过访问项目的home.do首页，然后登陆，发现redis保存了会话。之后多次刷新，nginx为我们做了负载均衡，分发到8080和8081端口，我们发现是同一个session，说明实现了会话共享。
以上整理了之前的nginx+tomcat+springmvc+redis实现负载均衡、动静分离、会话共享。