转 android notification 的总结分析
分类
Android的notification有以下几种:
1>普通notification
图1
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标题，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setContentTitle(String title)来设置
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大图标，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setLargeIcon(Bitmap icon)来设置
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内容，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setContentText("ContentText")来设置
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内容附加信息，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setContentInfo("ContentInfo")来设置
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小图标，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setSmallIcon(int icon)来设置
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时间，通过NotificationCompat.Builder.setWhen(when)来设置
注：
一个notification不必对上面所有的选项都进行设置，但有3项是必须的：
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小图标, set by
setSmallIcon() -
标题, set by
setContentTitle() -
内容, set by
setContentText()
2>大布局Notification
图2
大布局notification是在android4.1以后才增加的，大布局notification与小布局notification只在‘7'部分有区别，其它部分都一致。大布局notification只有在所有notification的最上面时才会显示大布局，其它情况下显示小布局。你也可以用手指将其扩展为大布局(前提是它是大布局)。如下图：
图3
大布局notification有三种类型：如图2为NotificationCompat.InboxStyle 类型。图3左部为NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle。图3右部 为：NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle.
InboxStyle类型的notification看起来和BigTextStyle类型的notification，那么他们有什么不同呢？对于InboxStyle类型的notification，图2的‘7’位置处每行都是很简短的，第一行和最后两行由于内容很长，则使用了省略号略去了过长的内容；而图3的左图中，BigTextStyle类型的notification则是将过长的内容分在了多行显示。
3>自定义布局notification
除了系统提供的notification，我们也可以自定义notification。如下图所示的一个音乐播放器控制notification:
图4
创建自定义的notification
1>实例化一个NotificationCompat.Builder对象;如builder
2>调用builder的相关方法对notification进行上面提到的各种设置
3>调用builder.build()方法此方法返回一个notification对象。
4>获取系统负责通知的NotificationManager；如：manager
5>调用manager的notify方法。
示例代码
示例程序截图：
图5
0>初始化部分代码
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public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private int[] btns = new int[] {
R.id.normal, R.id.inboxStyle,
R.id.bigTextStyle, R.id.bigPicStyle,
R.id.customize, R.id.progress,
R.id.cancelNotification };
private NotificationManager manager;
private Bitmap icon = null;
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_NORMAL = 1;
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_INBOX = 2;
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_BIGTEXT = 3;
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_BIGPIC = 4;
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_CUSTOMIZE = 5;
private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID_PROGRESS = 6;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// 获取系统的通知服务
manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
icon = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.ic_launcher);
for (int btn : btns) {
findViewById(btn).setOnClickListener(this);
}
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.normal:
showNormalNotification();
break;
case R.id.inboxStyle:
showInboxStyleNotification();
break;
case R.id.bigTextStyle:
showBigTextStyleNotification();
break;
case R.id.bigPicStyle:
showBigPicStyleNotification();
break;
case R.id.customize:
showCustomizeNotification();
break;
case R.id.progress:
showProgressBar();
break;
case R.id.cancelNotification:
cancelNotification();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
} |
1>普通notification
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private void showNormalNotification() {
Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
.setLargeIcon(icon).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setTicker("NormalNotification").setContentInfo("ContentInfo")
.setContentTitle("ContentTitle").setContentText("ContentText")
.setAutoCancel(true).setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_ALL)
.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_NORMAL, notification);
} |
2>大布局Text类型notification
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private void showBigTextStyleNotification() {
NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle textStyle = new NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle();
textStyle.setBigContentTitle("BigContentTitle")
.setSummaryText("SummaryText")
.bigText("I am Big Texttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt"
+ "tttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt"
+ "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!......");
Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
.setLargeIcon(icon).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setTicker("showBigTextStyleNotification").setContentInfo("contentInfo")
.setContentTitle("ContentTitle").setContentText("ContentText")
.setStyle(textStyle).setAutoCancel(false)
.setShowWhen(false).setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_ALL)
.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_BIGTEXT, notification);
} |
3> 大布局Inbox类型notification
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private void showInboxStyleNotification() {
String[] lines = new String[]{"line1", "line2", "line3"};
NotificationCompat.InboxStyle inboxStyle = new NotificationCompat.InboxStyle();
inboxStyle.setBigContentTitle("BigContentTitle")
.setSummaryText("SummaryText");
for (int i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
inboxStyle.addLine(lines[i]);
}
Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
.setLargeIcon(icon).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setTicker("showBigView_Inbox").setContentInfo("ContentInfo")
.setContentTitle("ContentTitle").setContentText("ContentText")
.setStyle(inboxStyle).setAutoCancel(true)
.setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_ALL)
.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_INBOX, notification);
} |
4>大布局Picture类型notification
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private void showBigPicStyleNotification() {
NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle pictureStyle = new NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle();
pictureStyle.setBigContentTitle("BigContentTitle")
.setSummaryText("SummaryText")
.bigPicture(icon);
Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
.setLargeIcon(icon).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setTicker("showBigPicStyleNotification").setContentInfo("ContentInfo")
.setContentTitle("ContentTitle").setContentText("ContentText")
.setStyle(pictureStyle)
.setAutoCancel(true).setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_ALL)
.build();
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_BIGPIC, notification);
} |
5>自定义notification
效果图：
图6
并对中间的播放按钮做了一个简单的点击处理事件：
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private void showCustomizeNotification() {
RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.custom_notification);
Intent intent = new Intent(this, PlayMusicActivity.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, intent, 0);
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.paly_pause_music, pendingIntent);
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
builder.setContent(remoteViews).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setLargeIcon(icon).setOngoing(true)
.setTicker("music is playing").setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_ALL);
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_CUSTOMIZE, builder.build());
} |
布局文件：
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/singer_pic"
android:layout_width="64dp"
android:layout_height="64dp"
android:src="@drawable/singer" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/last_music"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="48dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:src="@drawable/player_previous" />
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/paly_pause_music"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="48dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:src="@drawable/player_pause" />
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/next_music"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="48dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:src="@drawable/player_next" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
|
带进度条的notification：
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private void showProgressBar() {
final NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
builder.setLargeIcon(icon).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setTicker("showProgressBar").setContentInfo("ContentInfo")
.setOngoing(true).setContentTitle("Downloading...")
.setContentText("ContentText");
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
int progress = 0;
for (progress = 0; progress < 100; progress += 5) {
//将setProgress的第三个参数设为true即可显示为无明确进度的进度条样式
//builder.setProgress(100, progress, true);
builder.setProgress(100, progress, false);
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_PROGRESS, builder.build());
try {
// Sleep for 5 seconds
Thread.sleep(2 * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
builder.setContentTitle("Download complete")
.setProgress(0, 0, false).setOngoing(false);
manager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_PROGRESS, builder.build());
}
}).start();
} |