WxPython BoxSizer布局详解

boxsizer分为横向和纵向两种，如果你想要把控件水平排列，就使用横向boxsizer，如果你想让控件都垂直排列，就使用纵向boxsizer，当然很多界面既有横向排列又有纵向排列的控件，我们就可以使用boxsizer的嵌套。

思路分析：
整体思路：
先整个窗口Frame
在窗口上建立一个面板Panel，用于放控件（Button，StaticText，TextCtl，CheckBox等控件），尺寸器（横向和纵向BoxSizer，相互嵌套使用）
最后把一些标签，控件放置在横向或纵向BoxSidzer中，进行布局；
具体说明：
创建一个sizer的步骤：
1.创建你想用来自动调用尺寸的panel或container(容器)。
2.创建sizer。
3.创建你的子窗口。
4.使用sizer的Add()方法来将每个子窗口添加给sizer。
sizer可以嵌套，这意味你可以像窗口对象一样添加别的sizer到父sizer。
5.调用容器的SetSizer(sizer)方法。
最常用的wxPython的sizer：
1.wx.BoxSizer：在一条线上布局子窗口部件。wx.BoxSizer的布局方向可以是水平或坚直的，并且可以在水平或坚直方向上包含子sizer以创建复杂的布局。在项目被添加时传递给sizer的参数控制子窗口部件如何根据box的主体或垂直轴线作相应的尺寸调整。
2. wx.FlexGridSizer：一个固定的二维网格，它与wx.GridSizer的区别是，行和列根据所在行或列的最大元素分别被设置。
3. wx.GridSizer：一个固定的二维网格，其中的每个元素都有相同的尺寸。当创建一个grid sizer时，你要么固定行的数量，要么固定列的数量。项目被从左到右的添加，直到一行被填满，然后从下一行开始。
4. wx.GridBagSizer：一个固定的二维网格，基于wx.FlexGridSizer。允许项目被放置在网格上的特定点，也允许项目跨越多和网格区域。
5. wx.StaticBoxSizer：等同于wx.BoxSizer，只是在box周围多了一个附加的边框（有一个可选的标签）。
wx.Sizer的方法：
Add(size, proportion=0,flag=0, border=0,userData=None)：
第一个添加一个wxWindow，
第二个添加一个嵌套的sizer，第三个添加空的空间，用作分隔符。参数proportion管理窗口总尺寸，它是相对于别的窗口的改变而言的，它只对wx.BoxSizer有意义。参数flag是一个位图，针对对齐、边框位置，增长有许多不同的标志。参数border是窗口或sizer周围以像素为单位的空间总量。userData使你能够将对象与数据关联，例如，在一个子类中，可能需要更多的用于尺寸的信息。
Fit(window)
FitInside(window )：调整window尺寸以匹配sizer认为所需要的最小化尺寸。
这个参数的值通常是使用sizer的窗口。
FitInside()是一个类似的方法，只不过将改变窗口在屏幕上的显示替换为只改变它的内部实现。它用于scroll panel中的窗口以触发滚动栏的显示。
GetSize()：以wx.Size对象的形式返回sizer的尺寸。
GetPosition()：以wx.Point对象的形式返回sizer的位置。
GetMinSize()：以wx.Size对象的形式返回完全填充sizer所需的最小尺寸。
Layout()：强迫sizer去重新计算它的孩子的尺寸和位置。在动态地添加或删除了一个孩子之后调用。
Prepend(…)：与Add()相同（只是为了布局的目的，把新的对象放在sizer列表的开头）。
Remove(window)
Remove(sizer)
Remove(nth)：从sizer中删除一个对象。
SetDimension(x, y, width,height)：强迫sizer按照给定的参数重新定位它的所有孩子。

详细参照：Boxsizer布局学习以及一系列的Wxpython控件学习
代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os,time
import wx,telnetlib
import win32api,win32con
import re,os


#远程telnet进入OLT命令行
def TelnetOpen(event):
    print("")
def DrawPanel():
    #设置画布上面的控制信息
    app=wx.App()
    win= wx.Frame(None,title='OLT Auto Config ONU-Shelly',size=(850,700))
    #新增一张画布
    panel = wx.Panel(win)
   # panel.SetBackgroundColour('yellow')
#选择中兴C300还是华为56XX OLT系列
oltText = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'OLT VendorID:')
zte_checkBox = wx.CheckBox(panel,label=u"ZTE OLT")
hw_checkBox = wx.CheckBox(panel,label=u"HUAWEI OLT")

#设置IP地址进行telnet登录
staticText = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'IP_Address:')
ip_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
#在Panel创建一些组件如按钮，文本框
login_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
staticText10 = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'Account:')
pwd_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
staticText12 = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'Password:')
telnetBtn = wx.Button(panel,label=u'Telnet_OLT')
#打开按纽绑定事件函数，处理操作
telnetBtn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,TelnetOpen)
#给控件设置背景颜色：如telnetBtn设置绿色背景，如图
telnetBtn.SetBackgroundColour("Green")

shelf_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
staticText1 = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'Shelf_No:')
slot_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
staticText2 = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'Slot_No:')
pon_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
staticText3 = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'Port_No:')
onu_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
staticText4 = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'ONU_ID:')
vlan_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
staticText11 = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'VlanID:') 

onutypeText = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'PON Type:') 
gpon_checkBox = wx.CheckBox(panel,label=u"GPON")
epon_checkBox = wx.CheckBox(panel,label=u"EPON")
showButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'ShowOLTCfg')
vlanButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'VlanCreate')
showvidButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'ShowVidCfg')
untagButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'UplinkUntagCfg')
tagButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'UplinkTagCfg')

#添加一个标签
staticText5 = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'Note:Click the ShowOLTCfg button to view the configuration in each case based on the configured shelf, slot, pon port, ONUID, including the configuration of the uplink interface.\nlike:show run interface gpon_olt_1/15/1 and show run interface gpon_olt_1/15/1:1 and show run inter gei_1/19/1 ',pos=(1,107),size=(650,50))
onuregisterText = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'Note:The ONU registration process is as follows:')

#SN 复制
copySnText = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'2.Copy the already found SN(MAC) to the textBox:')
sn_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
changeOnuText = wx.StaticText(panel,label=u'Exec Replace_ONU:')
changeButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'Replace ONU')

#添加两个按钮，一个用于显示配置，一个用于一键自动化配置ONU信息
findButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'1.Find unauth ONU')
registerButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'3.Register ONU')
cfgButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'4.Config ONU')
viewButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'Find all_Online_ONU')
deleteButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'Delete_ONU')

#修改控件的父对象改成panel 而不是Frame，Panel的父对象是Frame
dbaTest1 = wx.StaticText(panel,label='ZTE Config Parameter:')
dbaTest = wx.StaticText(panel,label='1.DBA:')
dba100M_checkBox = wx.CheckBox(panel,label=u"100M")
dba1000M_checkBox = wx.CheckBox(panel,label=u"1G")
onutypeTest = wx.StaticText(panel,label='2.ONU_Type:')
onutype_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
onutypeButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'Create ONU_TYPE')

#HUAWEI 配置参数
dbaTest2 = wx.StaticText(panel,label='HUAWEI Config Parameter:')
dbaTest3 = wx.StaticText(panel,label='1.DBA:')
dba100M_checkBox1 = wx.CheckBox(panel,label=u"100M")
dba1000M_checkBox1 = wx.CheckBox(panel,label=u"1G")

#HUAWEI模版
Test2 = wx.StaticText(panel,label='2.ont-lineprofile-id:')
onuline_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
onulineButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'Create linePro')
Test3 = wx.StaticText(panel,label='3.ont-srvprofile-id:')
onusrv_textCtl = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
onusrvButton = wx.Button(panel,label=u'Create SrvPro')
#一个大的显示文本框
showContent = wx.TextCtrl(panel,style=wx.TE_MULTILINE | wx.HSCROLL,size=(850,300)) #增加可移动下拉

#开始面板上布局
#实例化一个尺寸器，默认水平
#proportion：相对比例：只能设置 0,1,2,3等，0是保持本身大小，按比例显示大小，1比0的宽一倍，以此类推
#flag：填充的样式和方向,wx.EXPAND为完整填充，wx.ALL为填充的方向
#border：边框
box = wx.BoxSizer() #默认是创建横向BoxSizer
box.Add(oltText,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALIGN_RIGHT,border = 3)
#box.AddStretchSpacer(1) #将第一个控件加如伸缩控件
box.Add(zte_checkBox,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)
box.Add(hw_checkBox,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)

box1 = wx.BoxSizer()
box1.Add(staticText,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box1.Add(ip_textCtl,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box1.Add(staticText10,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box1.Add(login_textCtl,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box1.Add(staticText12,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box1.Add(pwd_textCtl,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box1.Add(telnetBtn,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 0)

box2 = wx.BoxSizer()
box2.Add(staticText1,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box2.Add(shelf_textCtl,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box2.Add(staticText2,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box2.Add(slot_textCtl,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box2.Add(staticText3,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box2.Add(pon_textCtl,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box2.Add(staticText4,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box2.Add(onu_textCtl,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box2.Add(staticText11,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box2.Add(vlan_textCtl,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)

box3 = wx.BoxSizer()
box3.Add(onutypeText,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box3.Add(gpon_checkBox,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box3.Add(epon_checkBox,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box3.Add(showButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box3.Add(vlanButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box3.Add(showvidButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box3.Add(untagButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box3.Add(tagButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)

box4 = wx.BoxSizer()
box4.Add(copySnText,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box4.Add(sn_textCtl,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box4.Add(changeOnuText,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box4.Add(changeButton,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)

box5 = wx.BoxSizer()
box5.Add(findButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box5.Add(registerButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box5.Add(cfgButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box5.Add(viewButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box5.Add(deleteButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)

box6 = wx.BoxSizer()
box6.Add(dbaTest1,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box6.Add(dbaTest,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box6.Add(dba100M_checkBox,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box6.Add(dba1000M_checkBox,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box6.Add(onutypeTest,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box6.Add(onutype_textCtl,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box6.Add(onutypeButton,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)

box7 = wx.BoxSizer()
box7.Add(dbaTest2,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box7.Add(dbaTest3,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box7.Add(dba100M_checkBox1,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box7.Add(dba1000M_checkBox1,proportion = 0,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)

box8 = wx.BoxSizer()
box8.Add(Test2,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box8.Add(onuline_textCtl,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box8.Add(onulineButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box8.Add(Test3,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box8.Add(onusrv_textCtl,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
box8.Add(onusrvButton,proportion = 1,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)

# box9 = wx.BoxSizer()
# box9.Add(showContent,proportion = 3,flag = wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,border = 3)
#创建一个垂直尺寸器，把一些横向Box或控件都装载其中
v_box = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
v_box.Add(box,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)# 随着窗口托大控件一直保持居中或居左 
v_box.Add(box1,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT ,border = 3)
v_box.Add(box2,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)
v_box.Add(box3,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)
v_box.Add(staticText5,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)
v_box.Add(onuregisterText,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)
v_box.Add(box4,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)
v_box.Add(box5,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)
v_box.Add(box6,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)
v_box.Add(box7,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)
v_box.Add(box8,proportion = 0,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)
v_box.Add(showContent,proportion = 5,flag = wx.ALIGN_LEFT,border = 3)

'''
flag 参数详解：
wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL 会随着窗口变大而变化
wx.ALIGN_CENTER  保持居中
wx.ALIGN_LEFT  居左
wx.ALIGN_RIGHT 居右
wx.ALIGN_TOP  置顶
wx.ALIGN_BOTTOM  置底部
wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL  垂直居中
wx.ALIGN_CENTER_HORIZONTAL   水平居中
wx.ALIGN_CENTER  居中
'''
#设置画布的主尺寸器（一层包一层）
panel.SetSizer(v_box) 
win.Show()
app.MainLoop()

if name == ‘main’:
DrawPanel()

结果演示：