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hadoop的三大组件安装

分类: 文章 • 2025-03-26 15:16:21

安装过程分3步走: 1.安装namenode主机一台; 2.安装datanode主机三台; 3.启用集群的三大组件: HDFS,Mapreduce,Yarn.

重要的事情: 新建的虚拟机,预备安装hadoop的disk必须扩容到至少20G,否则后面集群起不来.如果遗漏,请重启主机和服务,扩容才会生效.

一, 安装namenode主机一台,命名主机名称为nn1

1. 配置主机名为nn01，ip为192.168.1.60，配置yum源

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
[local_repo]
name=CentOS
baseurl="ftp://192.168.1.254/centos-1804"
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1

2. 安装java环境

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
[[email protected] ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_161"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_161-b14)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.161-b14, mixed mode)
[[email protected] ~]# jps   (java process show)
754 Jps
3. 安装hadoop
[[email protected] 04]#rsync -aHS hadoop [email protected]:/root/   #真机上传安装文件
[[email protected] ~]# cd /hadoop

[[email protected] hadoop]# ls
hadoop-2.7.7.tar.gz  kafka_2.12-2.1.0.tgz  zookeeper-3.4.13.tar.gz

[[email protected] hadoop]# tar -xf hadoop-2.7.7.tar.gz
[[email protected] hadoop]# mv hadoop-2.7.7 /usr/local/hadoop
[[email protected] hadoop]# ls /usr/local/hadoop
LICENSE.txt  NOTICE.txt  README.txt  bin  etc  include  lib  libexec  sbin  share
[[email protected] hadoop]# cd /usr/local/hadoop
[[email protected] hadoop]# ./bin/hadoop
Error: JAVA_HOME is not set and could not be found.      #报错java程序没有找到
4. 解决java报错问题

[[email protected] hadoop]# rpm -ql java-1.8.0-openjdk

[[email protected] hadoop]# cd ./etc/hadoop
[[email protected] hadoop]# vim hadoop-env.sh

   export JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.161-2.b14.el7.x86_64/jre/"   #更改java程序调用路径

   export HADOOP_CONF_DIR="/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop"  #hadoop调用路径
[[email protected] hadoop]# cd /usr/local/hadoop
[[email protected] hadoop]# ./bin/hadoop
5. 测试-词频
[[email protected] hadoop]#mkdir /usr/local/hadoop/input

[[email protected] hadoop]#cp *.txt /usr/local/hadoop/input

[[email protected] hadoop]#./bin/hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.7.jar wordcount input output   #wordcount统计input文件夹的词频,输出到文件夹output

[[email protected] hadoop]#cat output/part-r-00000  #查看

二, 环境准备

1. 三台机器配置主机名为dn1,dn2,dn3，配置ip地址,yum源

2. 编辑/etc/hosts（四台主机同样操作,以nn1为例,修改后,任意主机之间可以ping通）

[[email protected] hadoop]# vim /etc/hosts
# ::1        localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
127.0.0.1    localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
192.168.1.60 nn1
192.168.1.61 dn1
192.168.1.62 dn2
192.168.1.63 dn3

3. 布置SSH信任关系

[[email protected] ~]# ssh-****** -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -N ''

[[email protected] ~]# for i in {60..63}
> do
> ssh-copy-id 192.168.1.$i
> done
4. 在dn1,dn2,dn3上面安装java环境

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel

三, 部署hadoop

1. 修改slaves文件

[[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/slaves
dn1
dn2
dn3

2. hadoop的核心配置文件core-site

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/      
[[email protected] hadoop]# vim core-site.xml

<configuration>
<property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>     #name标记里面的参数来自https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r3.2.0/,不可更改.
        <value>hdfs://nn1:9000</value>    #nn1为namenode主机名
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>   
        <value>/var/hadoop</value>   #hadoop数据根目录
    </property>
</configuration>
[[email protected] hadoop]# mkdir /var/hadoop    #创建hadoop的数据根目录

3. 配置hdfs-site文件

[[email protected] hadoop]# vim hdfs-site.xml

<configuration>
<property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.http-address</name>
        <value>nn1:50070</value>     #namenode及端口
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
        <value>nn1:50090</value>   #secondary namenode的端口50090
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>2</value>
    </property>
</configuration>
4. 同步namenode的/usr/local/hadoop/ 配置到dn1,dn2,dn3.

[[email protected] hadoop]# for i in {61..63}
> do
> rsync -aSH --delete /usr/local/hadoop 192.168.1.$i:/usr/local/hadoop/  -e 'ssh' &
> done
[1] 23733
[2] 23734
[3] 23735
5. 格式化

[[email protected] hadoop]#  cd /usr/local/hadoop/

[[email protected] hadoop]# ./bin/hdfs namenode -format

6. 启动集群,并查看状态

[[email protected] hadoop]# ./sbin/start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [nn1]
nn1: namenode running as process 23891. Stop it first.
dn1: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-dn1.out
dn3: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-dn3.out
dn2: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-dn2.out
Starting secondary namenodes [nn1]
nn1: secondarynamenode running as process 24074. Stop it first.
[[email protected] hadoop]# jps
23891 NameNode
24074 SecondaryNameNode
24543 Jps
[[email protected] hadoop]# ./bin/hdfs dfsadmin -report
Live datanodes (3):               #出现3个节点,就意味着dfs集群启用成功
四, 配置mapred-site
[[email protected] hadoop]# cd /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
[[email protected] hadoop]# mv mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml
[[email protected] hadoop]# vim mapred-site.xml

<configuration>
<property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
</configuration>
五, 配置yarn-site

[[email protected] hadoop]#  vim yarn-site.xml

<configuration>
<!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
<property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
        <value>nn1</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
</configuration>
六, 同步mapred-site和yarn-site的配置内容到dn1,dn2,dn3

[[email protected] hadoop]# for i in {61..63}
> do
> rsync -aSH --delete /usr/local/hadoop/ 192.168.1.$i:/usr/local/hadoop/ -e 'ssh' &
> done
[1] 1202
[2] 1203
[3] 1204
七, 验证配置

[[email protected] hadoop]# cd /usr/local/hadoop
[[email protected] hadoop]# ./sbin/start-dfs.sh

[[email protected] hadoop]# ./sbin/start-yarn.sh

[[email protected] hadoop]# jps      #nn1查看有ResourceManager
994 SecondaryNameNode
805 NameNode
1532 ResourceManager
1791 Jps

[[email protected] ~]# jps   #dn1查看有NodeManager
932 Jps
830 NodeManager
687 DataNode
[[email protected] ~]# jps    #dn2查看有NodeManager
833 NodeManager
690 DataNode
935 Jps
[[email protected] ~]# jps    #dn3查看有NodeManager
931 Jps
828 NodeManager
686 DataNode

[[email protected] hadoop]# ./bin/yarn node -list     #验证服务
19/07/20 11:52:14 INFO client.RMProxy: Connecting to ResourceManager at nn1/192.168.1.60:8032
Total Nodes:3
         Node-Id         Node-State    Node-Http-Address    Number-of-Running-Containers
       dn2:43088            RUNNING             dn2:8042                               0
       dn3:32790            RUNNING             dn3:8042                               0
       dn1:33836            RUNNING             dn1:8042                               0
八, 从浏览器访问hadoop

namenode nn1的web页面: http://192.168.1.60:50070/

secondory namenode nn1的web页面: http://192.168.1.60:50090/

datanode dn1的web页面: http://192.168.1.61:50075/
datanode dn2的web页面: http://192.168.1.62:50075/

datanode dn3的web页面: http://192.168.1.62:50075/

resourcemanager nn1的web页面: http://192.168.1.60:8088/
nodemanager dn1的web页面: http://192.168.1.61:8042/
nodemanager dn2的web页面: http://192.168.1.62:8042/

nodemanager dn3的web页面: http://192.168.1.63:8042/

hadoop的三大组件安装

结束.

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