在使用路由器时，无法在django中创建超级用户
问题描述：
我使用python3在Djago 1.11.4上创建mongodb/mysql项目。我打算使用mysql进行用户认证，并使用mongodb进行其他用途。我主要创建一个用户，但未能创建超级用户。这是发生了什么，当我试图创建一个超级用户：在使用路由器时，无法在django中创建超级用户
$ python3 manage.py createsuperuser username=Admin
System check identified some issues:
WARNINGS:
?: (urls.W001) Your URL pattern '^$' uses include with a regex ending with a '$'. Remove the dollar from the regex to avoid problems including URLs.
Email address: [email protected]
Password:
Password (again):
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 363, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 355, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 283, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/management/commands/createsuperuser.py", line 63, in execute
return super(Command, self).execute(*args, **options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 330, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/management/commands/createsuperuser.py", line 183, in handle
self.UserModel._default_manager.db_manager(database).create_superuser(**user_data)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 170, in create_superuser
return self._create_user(username, email, password, **extra_fields)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 153, in _create_user
user.save(using=self._db)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 80, in save
super(AbstractBaseUser, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 807, in save
force_update=force_update, update_fields=update_fields)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 834, in save_base
with transaction.atomic(using=using, savepoint=False):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/transaction.py", line 158, in __enter__
if not connection.get_autocommit():
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 385, in get_autocommit
self.ensure_connection()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/backends/dummy/base.py", line 20, in complain
raise ImproperlyConfigured("settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. "
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. Please supply the ENGINE value. Check settings documentation for more details.
这里是我的settings.py的一部分：
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE' : 'django.db.backends.dummy',
'NAME' : 'my_database'
},
'users': {
'NAME': 'nra_gpb_users',
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'USER': 'django'
}
}
class AuthRouter(object):
"""
A router to control all database operations on models in the
auth application.
"""
def db_for_read(model, **hints):
"""
Attempts to read auth models go to auth_db.
"""
if model._meta.app_label == 'auth':
return 'users'
return 'default'
def db_for_write(model, **hints):
"""
Attempts to write auth models go to auth_db.
"""
print(model._meta.app_label)
if model._meta.app_label == 'auth':
return 'users'
return 'default'
def allow_relation(obj1, obj2, **hints):
"""
Allow relations if a model in the auth app is involved.
"""
return False
def allow_migrate(db, app_label, model_name=None, **hints):
"""
Make sure the auth app only appears in the 'auth_db'
database.
"""
return db == 'auth_db'
DATABASE_ROUTERS = [AuthRouter]
我succefully使用户数据库迁移，并成功创建用户在交互模式：
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import django
>>> django.setup()
>>> from django.contrib.auth.models import User
>>> user = User.objects.create_user('Admin', '[email protected]', 'password')
>>> user.save()
>>> exit()
请explaim我，什么不顺心？
UPD：成功创建一个超级用户：
python3 manage.py createsuperuser --database用户--username联系
但是，当我试图授权，再次收到ImproperConfigure错误：
$ python3 manage.py runserver
Performing system checks...
System check identified some issues:
WARNINGS:
?: (urls.W001) Your URL pattern '^$' uses include with a regex ending with a '$'. Remove the dollar from the regex to avoid problems including URLs.
System check identified 1 issue (0 silenced).
October 07, 2017 - 23:23:06
Django version 1.11.4, using settings 'my_django_project.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
[07/Oct/2017 23:23:16] "GET /admin/ HTTP/1.1" 302 0
[07/Oct/2017 23:23:16] "GET /admin/login/?next=/admin/ HTTP/1.1" 200 1654
Internal Server Error: /admin/login/
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 41, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 187, in _get_response
response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 185, in _get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/views/decorators/cache.py", line 57, in _wrapped_view_func
response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin/sites.py", line 393, in login
return LoginView.as_view(**defaults)(request)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 68, in view
return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/utils/decorators.py", line 67, in _wrapper
return bound_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/views/decorators/debug.py", line 76, in sensitive_post_parameters_wrapper
return view(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/utils/decorators.py", line 63, in bound_func
return func.__get__(self, type(self))(*args2, **kwargs2)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/utils/decorators.py", line 67, in _wrapper
return bound_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/utils/decorators.py", line 149, in _wrapped_view
response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/utils/decorators.py", line 63, in bound_func
return func.__get__(self, type(self))(*args2, **kwargs2)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/utils/decorators.py", line 67, in _wrapper
return bound_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/views/decorators/cache.py", line 57, in _wrapped_view_func
response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/utils/decorators.py", line 63, in bound_func
return func.__get__(self, type(self))(*args2, **kwargs2)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/views.py", line 90, in dispatch
return super(LoginView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 88, in dispatch
return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/views/generic/edit.py", line 183, in post
return self.form_valid(form)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/views.py", line 119, in form_valid
auth_login(self.request, form.get_user())
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py", line 139, in login
request.session.cycle_key()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py", line 311, in cycle_key
self.create()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/db.py", line 50, in create
self._session_key = self._get_new_session_key()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/base.py", line 164, in _get_new_session_key
if not self.exists(session_key):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/contrib/sessions/backends/db.py", line 46, in exists
return self.model.objects.filter(session_key=session_key).exists()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 670, in exists
return self.query.has_results(using=self.db)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 517, in has_results
return compiler.has_results()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 853, in has_results
return bool(self.execute_sql(SINGLE))
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 871, in execute_sql
sql, params = self.as_sql()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 435, in as_sql
from_, f_params = self.get_from_clause()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 660, in get_from_clause
clause_sql, clause_params = self.compile(from_clause)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 373, in compile
sql, params = node.as_sql(self, self.connection)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/datastructures.py", line 144, in as_sql
base_sql = compiler.quote_name_unless_alias(self.table_name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 364, in quote_name_unless_alias
r = self.connection.ops.quote_name(name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/django/db/backends/dummy/base.py", line 20, in complain
raise ImproperlyConfigured("settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. "
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. Please supply the ENGINE value. Check settings documentation for more details.
[07/Oct/2017 23:23:35] "POST /admin/login/?next=/admin/ HTTP/1.1" 500 207729
答
创建用户时使用的数据库需要在终端中传递，因为默认数据库连接参数是虚拟的。
python3 manage.py createsuperuser --database users --username Admin
答
这是正确的settings.py一部分导致我succcessful管理员授权：
python3 manage.py createsuperuser --database users --username Admin
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'my_app',
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles'
]
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE' : 'django.db.backends.dummy',
'NAME' : 'my_database'
},
'users': {
'NAME': 'my_site_users',
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'USER': 'django'
}
}
class AuthRouter(object):
"""
A router to control all database operations on models in the
auth application.
"""
def db_for_read(model, **hints):
"""
Attempts to read auth models go to auth_db.
"""
if model._meta.app_label!='my_app':
return 'users'
return 'default'
def db_for_write(model, **hints):
"""
Attempts to write auth models go to auth_db.
"""
if model._meta.app_label!='my_app':
return 'users'
return 'default'
def allow_relation(obj1, obj2, **hints):
"""
Allow relations if a model in the auth app is involved.
"""
if obj1._meta.app_label == 'auth' or \
obj2._meta.app_label == 'auth':
return True
return False
def allow_migrate(db, app_label, model_name=None, **hints):
"""
Make sure the auth app only appears in the 'auth_db'
database.
"""
return db == 'users'
DATABASE_ROUTERS = [AuthRouter]
由于@Oluwafemi苏雷提到的，在我的情况下，超级用户可以通过命令创建
谢谢，@Oluwafemi Sule，我创建了一个超级用户，但无法使用django管理页面登录。请参阅我的第一篇文章中的更多细节。 –