如何使用JDK1.6的JAX-WS编写WebService
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一、Web services概念
Web services是客户端和服务端通过万维网的HTTP协议进行交互。
二、JAX-WS实现简单的Web services
2.1 建一个名为HelloServer的Web应用作为Webservice客户端
2.2 在HelloServer应用下新建一个类：
package helloservice.endpoint; import javax.jws.WebMethod; import javax.jws.WebService; @WebService public class Hello { private String message = new String("Hello, "); public void Hello() { } @WebMethod public String sayHello(String name) { return message + name + "."; } }
2.3 在weblogic下发布HelloServer应用,应用名为WebRoot。
2.4 在IE里面打开http://localhost:7001/WebRoot/HelloService?wsdl
如果可以查看到wsdl的内容说明发布成功.比如：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> - <!-- Published by JAX-WS RI at http://jax-ws.dev.java.net. RI's version is Oracle JAX-WS 2.1.3-07/10/2008 08:41 PM(bt). --> - <!-- Generated by JAX-WS RI at http://jax-ws.dev.java.net. RI's version is Oracle JAX-WS 2.1.3-07/10/2008 08:41 PM(bt). --> - <definitions xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:tns="http://endpoint.helloservice/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" targetNamespace="http://endpoint.helloservice/" name="HelloService"> - <types> - <xsd:schema> <xsd:import namespace="http://endpoint.helloservice/" schemaLocation="http://localhost:7001/WebRoot/HelloService?xsd=1" /> </xsd:schema> </types> - <message name="sayHello"> <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHello" /> </message> - <message name="sayHelloResponse"> <part name="parameters" element="tns:sayHelloResponse" /> </message> - <portType name="Hello"> - <operation name="sayHello"> <input message="tns:sayHello" /> <output message="tns:sayHelloResponse" /> </operation> </portType> - <binding name="HelloPortBinding" type="tns:Hello"> <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" style="document" /> - <operation name="sayHello"> <soap:operation soapAction="" /> - <input> <soap:body use="literal" /> </input> - <output> <soap:body use="literal" /> </output> </operation> </binding> - <service name="HelloService"> - <port name="HelloPort" binding="tns:HelloPortBinding"> <soap:address location="http://localhost:7001/WebRoot/HelloService" /> </port> </service> </definitions>
2.5 运行wsimport
wsimport是JDK1.6特有的,[JAVA_HOME]/bin下。
2.5.1 在E:\Program Files\PowerCmd>目录下,新建一个文件夹generate。
2.5.2 运行如下命令：
wsimport -s generate http://localhost:7001/WebRoot/HelloService?wsdl
如果返回
parsing WSDL... generating code...
说明运行成功。
2.5.3 查看generate目录,可以看到生成了JAVA文件,与generate同级的目录下,还有class文件。(这里生成的JAVA文件,客户端需要用到)
生成的HelloService.java如下：
package helloservice.endpoint; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; import javax.xml.namespace.QName; import javax.xml.ws.Service; import javax.xml.ws.WebEndpoint; import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceClient; import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceFeature; /** * This class was generated by the JAX-WS RI. * JAX-WS RI 2.1.1 in JDK 6 * Generated source version: 2.1 * */ @WebServiceClient(name = "HelloService", targetNamespace = "http://endpoint.helloservice/", wsdlLocation = "http://localhost:7001/WebRoot/HelloService?wsdl") public class HelloService extends Service { private final static URL HELLOSERVICE_WSDL_LOCATION; static { URL url = null; try { url = new URL("http://localhost:7001/WebRoot/HelloService?wsdl"); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } HELLOSERVICE_WSDL_LOCATION = url; } public HelloService(URL wsdlLocation, QName serviceName) { super(wsdlLocation, serviceName); } public HelloService() { super(HELLOSERVICE_WSDL_LOCATION, new QName("http://endpoint.helloservice/", "HelloService")); } /** * * @return * returns Hello */ @WebEndpoint(name = "HelloPort") public Hello getHelloPort() { return (Hello)super.getPort(new QName("http://endpoint.helloservice/", "HelloPort"), Hello.class); } /** * * @param features * A list of {@link javax.xml.ws.WebServiceFeature} to configure on the proxy. Supported features not in the <code>features</code> parameter will have their default values. * @return * returns Hello */ @WebEndpoint(name = "HelloPort") public Hello getHelloPort(WebServiceFeature... features) { return (Hello)super.getPort(new QName("http://endpoint.helloservice/", "HelloPort"), Hello.class, features); } }
2.6 建一个名为HelloClient的Web应用作为WebService客户端。
2.7 将3.5.3生成的JAVA文件复制到HelloClient的src下。
2.8 新建一个HelloServlet文件，如下：
package webclient; import helloservice.endpoint.HelloService; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceRef; @WebServlet(name = "HelloServlet", urlPatterns = { "/HelloServlet" }) public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet { @WebServiceRef(wsdlLocation = "http://localhost:7001/WebRoot/HelloService?wsdl") private HelloService service; /** * Constructor of the object. */ public HelloServlet() { super(); } /** * Destruction of the servlet. <br> */ public void destroy() { super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log // Put your code here } /** * The doGet method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */ public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { processRequest(request, response); } /** * The doPost method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */ public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { processRequest(request, response); } /** * Initialization of the servlet. <br> * * @throws ServletException if an error occurs */ public void init() throws ServletException { // Put your code here } /** * Processes requests for both HTTP <code>GET</code> and <code>POST</code> * methods. * * @param request * servlet request * @param response * servlet response * @throws ServletException * if a servlet-specific error occurs * @throws IOException * if an I/O error occurs */ protected void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); try { out.println("<html lang=\"en\">"); out.println("<head>"); out.println("<title>Servlet HelloServlet</title>"); out.println("</head>"); out.println("<body>"); out.println("<h2>Servlet HelloServlet at " + request.getContextPath() + "</h2>"); out.println("<p>" + sayHello("world") + "</p>"); out.println("</body>"); out.println("</html>"); } finally { out.close(); } } // doGet and doPost methods, which call processRequest, and // getServletInfo method private String sayHello(java.lang.String arg0) { helloservice.endpoint.Hello port = service.getHelloPort(); return port.sayHello(arg0); } }
2.9 配置HelloClient的Web.xml,增加如下代码：
<servlet> <description>HelloServlet</description> <display-name>HelloServlet</display-name> <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>webclient.HelloServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/HelloServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
2.10 发布HelloClient应用。
2.11 在IE录入http://localhost:7111/servlet/HelloServlet
页面内容如下说明WebService调用成功!
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